考研英语一真题

时间：2024-12-18 16:50:10 美云学人智库我要投稿

考研英语一真题

　　在现实的学习、工作中，我们都可能会接触到考试真题，考试真题有助于被考核者了解自己的真实水平。什么类型的考试真题才能有效帮助到我们呢？以下是小编帮大家整理的考研英语一真题，欢迎阅读，希望大家能够喜欢。

考研英语一真题

　　考研英语一真题 1

　　Section I Use of English

　　Directions:

　　Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

　　Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding “yes!” 1 helping you feel close and 2 to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a 3 of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you 4 getting sick this winter.

　　In a recent study 5 over 400 health adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs 6 the participants’ susceptibility to developing the common cold after being 7 to the virus .People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come 8 with a cold ,and the researchers 9 that the stress-reducing effects of hugging 10 about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. 11 among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe 12 .

　　“Hugging protects people who are under stress from the 13 risk for colds that’s usually 14 with stress,” notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie. Hugging “is a marker of intimacy and helps 15 the feeling that others are there to help 16 difficulty.”

　　Some experts 17 the stress-reducing , health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin, often called “the bonding hormone” 18 it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mother and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain , and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it 19 in the brain, where it 20 mood, behavior and physiology.

　　1.[A] Unlike [B] Besides [C] Despite [D] Throughout

　　【答案】[B] Besides

　　2.[A] connected [B] restricted [C] equal [D] inferior

　　【答案】[A] connected

　　3.[A] choice [B] view [C] lesson [D] host

　　【答案】[D] host

　　4.[A] recall [B] forget [C] avoid [D] keep

　　【答案】[C] avoid

　　5.[A] collecting [B] involving [C] guiding [D] affecting

　　【答案】[B] involving

　　6.[A] of [B] in [C] at [D] on

　　【答案】[D] on

　　7.[A] devoted [B] exposed [C] lost [D] attracted

　　【答案】[B] exposed

　　8.[A] across [B] along [C] down [D] out

　　【答案】[C] down

　　9.[A] calculated [B] denied [C] doubted [D] imagined

　　【答案】[A] calculated

　　10.[A] served [B] required [C] restored [D] explained

　　【答案】[D] explained

　　11.[A] Even [B] Still [C] Rather [D] Thus

　　【答案】[A] Even

　　12.[A] defeats [B] symptoms [C] tests [D] errors

　　【答案】[B] symptoms

　　13.[A] minimized [B] highlighted [C] controlled [D] increased

　　【答案】[D] increased

　　14.[A] equipped [B] associated [C] presented [D] compared

　　【答案】[B] associated

　　15.[A] assess [B] moderate [C] generate [D] record

　　【答案】[C] generate

　　16.[A] in the face of [B] in the form of [C] in the way of [D] in the name of

　　【答案】[A] in the face of

　　17.[A] transfer [B] commit [C] attribute [D] return

　　【答案】[C] attribute

　　18.[A] because [B] unless [C] though [D] until

　　【答案】[A] because

　　19.[A] emerges [B] vanishes [C] remains [D] decreases

　　【答案】[C] remains

　　20.[A] experiences [B] combines [C] justifies [D]influences

　　【答案】[D]influences

　　Section II Reading Comprehension

　　Part A

　　Directions:

　　Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)

　　Text 1

　　First two hours , now three hours—this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight , at least at some major U.S. airports with increasingly massive security lines.

　　Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804,which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea ,provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans’ economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.

　　Last year, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons---both fake and real—past airport security nearly every time they tried .Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving Chicago’s O’Hare International .It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become—but the lines are obvious.

　　Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel , so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this.

　　There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck.

　　It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is sticker shock. Passengers must pay $85 every five years to process their background checks. Since the beginning, this price tag has been PreCheck’s fatal flaw. Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level. But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.

　　The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines. It is long past time to make the program work.

　　21. the crash of Egypt Air Flight 804 is mentioned to

　　[A] stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide.

　　[B] highlight the necessity of upgrading major US airports.

　　[C] explain Americans’ tolerance of current security checks.

　　[D] emphasis the importance of privacy protection.

　　【答案】[C] explain Americans’ tolerance of current security checks.

　　22. which of the following contributions to long waits at major airport?

　　[A] New restrictions on carry-on bags.

　　[B] The declining efficiency of the TSA.

　　[C] An increase in the number of travelers.

　　[D] Frequent unexpected secret checks.

　　【答案】[C] An increase in the number of travelers.

　　23.The word “expedited” (Line 4, Para.5) is closest in meaning to

　　[A] faster.

　　[B] quieter.

　　[C] wider.

　　[D] cheaper.

　　【答案】[A] faster.

　　24. One problem with the PreCheck program is

　　[A] A dramatic reduction of its scale.

　　[B] Its wrongly-directed implementation.

　　[C] The government’s reluctance to back it.

　　[D] An unreasonable price for enrollment.

　　【答案】[D] An unreasonable price for enrollment.

　　25. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

　　[A] Less Screening for More Safety

　　[B] PreCheck-a Belated Solution

　　[C] Getting Stuck in Security Lines

　　考研英语一真题 2

　　For the past severalyears, the Sunday newspaper supplement Paradehas featured a column called "Ask Marilyn." People are invited to query Marilynvos Savant, who at age 10 had tested at a mental level of someone about 23years old; that gave her an IQ of 228 - the highest score ever recorded. IQtests ask you to complete verbal and visual analogies, to envision paper afterit has been folded and cut, and to deduce numerical sequences, among othersimilar tasks. So it is a bit confusing when vos Savant fields such queriesfrom the average Joe (whose IQ is 100) as, Whats the difference between loveand fondness? Or what is the nature of luck and coincidence? ①Itsnot obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numericalpatterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poetsand philosophers.

　　Clearly, intelligenceencompasses more than a score on a test. Just what does it mean to be smart?How much of intelligence can be specified, and how much can we learn about itfrom neurology, genetics, computer science and other fields?

　　The defining term ofintelligence in humans still seems to be the IQ score, even though IQ tests arenot given as often as they used to be. The test comes primarily in two forms:the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale and the Wechsler Intelligence Scales(both come in adult and childrens version). Generally costing several hundreddollars, they are usually given only by psychologists, although variations ofthem populate bookstores and the World Wide Web. ②Superhigh scores like vos Savants are nolonger possible, because scoring is now based on a statistical populationdistribution among age peers, rather than simply dividing the mental age by thechronological age and multiplying by 100. Other standardized tests,such as the Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT) and the Graduate Record Exam(GRE), capture the main aspects of IQ tests.

　　Such standardized testsmay not assess all the important elements necessary to succeed in school and inlife, argues Robert J. Sternberg. In his article "How Intelligent IsIntelligence Testing?", ③Sternberg notes that traditionaltest best assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measure creativityand practical knowledge, components also critical to problem solving and lifesuccess. Moreover, IQ test do not necessarilypredict so well once populations or situations change. Research has found thatIQ predicted leadership skills when the tests were given under low-stressconditions, but under high-stress conditions, IQ was negatively correlated withleadership - that is, it predicted the opposite. Anyone who has toiled throughSAT will testify that test-taking skill also matters, whether its knowing whento guess or what questions to skip.

　　1. Which of the following may be required in anintelligent test?

　　[A] Answeringphilosophical questions.

　　[B] Foldingor cutting paper into different shapes.

　　[C] Tellingthe difference between certain concepts.（D）

　　[D] Choosingwords or graphs similar to the given ones.

　　2. What can be inferred about intelligence testingfrom Paragraph 3?

　　[A] People nolonger use IQ scores as an indicator of intelligence.

　　[B] Moreversions of IQ tests are now available on the Internet.

　　[C] The testcontents and formats for adults and children may be different.（C）

　　[D]Scientists have defined the important elements of human intelligence.

　　3. People nowadays can no longer achieve IQ scoresas high as vos Savants because

　　[A] thescores are obtained through different computational procedures.