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µÚÒ»²¿·Ö¡¡ÔĶÁÀí½â¡¡(75·Ö)Passage¡¡1
¡¡¡¡Tourism¡¡wasn#39;t¡¡as¡¡important¡¡as¡¡it¡¡is¡¡today.¡¡In¡¡the¡¡past,¡¡only¡¡people¡¡with¡¡a¡¡good¡¡deal¡¡of¡¡money¡¡could¡¡travel¡¡on¡¡holidays¡¡to¡¡other¡¡countries.¡¡More¡¡people¡¡travel¡¡today¡¡than¡¡in¡¡the¡¡past¡¡because¡¡there¡¡is¡¡a¡¡growing¡¡middle¡¡class¡¡in¡¡many¡¡parts¡¡of¡¡the¡¡world,¡¡that¡¡is¡¡to¡¡say,¡¡people¡¡now¡¡have¡¡more¡¡money¡¡for¡¡travel.¡¡Special¡¡air¡¡plane¡¡fares¡¡for¡¡tourists¡¡make¡¡travel¡¡less¡¡expensive¡¡and¡¡more¡¡attractive¡¡than¡¡ever¡¡before.
¡¡¡¡One¡¡person¡¡doesn#39;t¡¡travel¡¡for¡¡the¡¡same¡¡reason¡¡as¡¡another.¡¡But¡¡most¡¡people¡¡enjoy¡¡seeing¡¡countries¡¡that¡¡are¡¡different¡¡from¡¡their¡¡own.¡¡They¡¡also¡¡like¡¡to¡¡meet¡¡new¡¡people¡¡and¡¡new¡¡food.
¡¡¡¡Tourism¡¡causes¡¡many¡¡changes¡¡in¡¡a¡¡country¡¡and¡¡in¡¡people#39;s¡¡lives.¡¡People¡¡build¡¡new¡¡hotels¡¡and¡¡restaurants¡¡and¡¡train¡¡native¡¡men¡¡a¡¡women¡¡as¡¡guides¡¡to¡¡show¡¡visitors¡¡interesting¡¡places.¡¡There#39;re¡¡new¡¡night¡¡clubs¡¡and¡¡other¡¡amusement.
International¡¡tourism¡¡is¡¡clearly¡¡a¡¡big¡¡business.
1.¡¡In¡¡the¡¡old¡¡days¡¡_________¡¡could¡¡travel¡¡to¡¡other¡¡countries.
¡ðA.¡¡boys¡¡or¡¡girls,¡¡men¡¡or¡¡women,¡¡young¡¡or¡¡old
¡ðB.¡¡either¡¡kings¡¡or¡¡queens
¡ðC.¡¡both¡¡the¡¡poor¡¡and¡¡the¡¡rich
¡ðD.¡¡nobody¡¡but¡¡those¡¡who¡¡had¡¡money
2.¡¡Many¡¡more¡¡people¡¡travel¡¡today¡¡than¡¡in¡¡the¡¡past¡¡because¡¡_________.
¡ðA.¡¡people¡¡have¡¡become¡¡more¡¡interested¡¡in¡¡traveling
¡ðB.¡¡travelling¡¡today¡¡is¡¡easier¡¡than¡¡in¡¡the¡¡past
¡ðC.¡¡people¡¡now¡¡have¡¡spare¡¡money¡¡for¡¡travel
¡ðD.¡¡great¡¡changes¡¡have¡¡taken¡¡place¡¡in¡¡the¡¡world
3.¡¡What¡¡makes¡¡travel¡¡more¡¡attractive¡¡than¡¡before?
¡ðA.¡¡Travel¡¡by¡¡air¡¡to¡¡other¡¡countries¡¡is¡¡much¡¡cheaper¡¡today.
¡ðB.¡¡More¡¡guides¡¡are¡¡being¡¡trained¡¡to¡¡show¡¡beautiful¡¡spots.
¡ðC.¡¡Modern¡¡telegraph¡¡lines¡¡make¡¡travel¡¡less¡¡expensive.
¡ðD.¡¡New¡¡hotels¡¡and¡¡restaurants¡¡have¡¡been¡¡built.
4.¡¡People¡¡make¡¡journeys¡¡to¡¡many¡¡parts¡¡of¡¡the¡¡world?¡¡This¡¡is¡¡because¡¡________.
¡ðA.¡¡they¡¡want¡¡to¡¡make¡¡a¡¡study¡¡of¡¡geography
¡ðB.¡¡they¡¡travel¡¡for¡¡different¡¡reasons
¡ðC.¡¡they¡¡want¡¡to¡¡taste¡¡different¡¡kinds¡¡of¡¡food
¡ðD.¡¡they¡¡don#39;t¡¡want¡¡to¡¡do¡¡anything¡¡else¡¡except¡¡that¡¡they¡¡visit¡¡friends
5.¡¡Which¡¡of¡¡the¡¡following¡¡statements¡¡is¡¡true¡¡according¡¡to¡¡the¡¡article?
¡ðA.¡¡Tourism¡¡won#39;t¡¡bring¡¡any¡¡changes¡¡in¡¡people#39;s¡¡minds.
¡ðB.¡¡People¡¡have¡¡some¡¡trouble¡¡in¡¡making¡¡journeys.
¡ðC.¡¡With¡¡the¡¡development¡¡of¡¡tourism,¡¡great¡¡changes¡¡will¡¡take¡¡place¡¡in¡¡many¡¡parts¡¡of¡¡the¡¡world.
¡ðD.¡¡Tourism¡¡causes¡¡only¡¡some¡¡changes¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡in¡¡clothing.
Passage¡¡2
¡¡¡¡More¡¡attention¡¡was¡¡paid¡¡to¡¡the¡¡quality¡¡of¡¡production¡¡in¡¡France¡¡at¡¡the¡¡time¡¡of¡¡Renc¡¡Coty.¡¡Charles¡¡Deschancl¡¡was¡¡then¡¡the¡¡financial¡¡minister.¡¡He¡¡stressed¡¡that¡¡workmanship¡¡(¹¤×÷ÖÊÁ¿)¡¡and¡¡quality¡¡were¡¡more¡¡important¡¡than¡¡quantity¡¡for¡¡industrial¡¡production.¡¡It¡¡would¡¡be¡¡necessary¡¡to¡¡produce¡¡quality¡¡goods¡¡for¡¡international¡¡market¡¡to¡¡compete¡¡with¡¡those¡¡produced¡¡in¡¡other¡¡countries.¡¡The¡¡French¡¡economy¡¡needed¡¡a¡¡larger¡¡share¡¡of¡¡the¡¡international¡¡market¡¡to¡¡balance¡¡its¡¡import¡¡and¡¡export¡¡trade.¡¡French¡¡industrial¡¡and¡¡agricultural¡¡production¡¡was¡¡still¡¡not¡¡enough¡¡to¡¡meet¡¡the¡¡immediate¡¡needs¡¡of¡¡the¡¡people,¡¡let¡¡alone¡¡long-ranged¡¡developments.¡¡Essential¡¡imports¡¡had¡¡extended¡¡the¡¡national¡¡credit¡¡(ÐÅÓÃ)¡¡to¡¡the¡¡breaking¡¡point.¡¡Rents¡¡were¡¡tightly¡¡controlled,¡¡but¡¡the¡¡extreme¡¡inflation¡¡(ͨ»õÅòÕÍ)¡¡affected¡¡general¡¡population¡¡most¡¡severely¡¡through¡¡the¡¡cost¡¡of¡¡food.¡¡Food¡¡costs¡¡took¡¡as¡¡much¡¡as¡¡80¡¡per¡¡cent¡¡of¡¡the¡¡workers#39;¡¡income.¡¡Wages,¡¡it¡¡is¡¡true,¡¡had¡¡risen,¡¡extensive¡¡family¡¡allowances¡¡(²¹Ìù)¡¡and¡¡benefits¡¡were¡¡paid¡¡by¡¡the¡¡state,¡¡and¡¡there¡¡was¡¡full-time¡¡and¡¡overtime¡¡employment.¡¡Taken¡¡together,¡¡these¡¡factors¡¡enabled¡¡the¡¡working¡¡class¡¡to¡¡exist¡¡but¡¡allowed¡¡them¡¡no¡¡sense¡¡of¡¡safety.¡¡In¡¡this¡¡precarious¡¡(²»°²¶¨)¡¡and¡¡discouraging¡¡situation,¡¡workmen¡¡were¡¡willing¡¡to¡¡work¡¡overseas¡¡for¡¡higher¡¡wages.
¡¡¡¡The¡¡government¡¡was¡¡not¡¡willing¡¡to¡¡let¡¡workers¡¡leave¡¡the¡¡country.¡¡It¡¡was¡¡feared¡¡this¡¡migration¡¡of¡¡workers¡¡would¡¡deplete¡¡(ʹ¿ÕÐé)¡¡the¡¡labor¡¡force.¡¡The¡¡lack¡¡of¡¡qualified¡¡workers¡¡might¡¡stop¡¡the¡¡improvement¡¡in¡¡the¡¡quality¡¡of¡¡industrial¡¡products¡¡produced.¡¡Qualified¡¡workers¡¡employed¡¡abroad¡¡would¡¡only¡¡increase¡¡the¡¡quantity¡¡of¡¡quality¡¡produced¡¡in¡¡foreign¡¡countries.¡¡Also¡¡the¡¡quantity¡¡of¡¡quality¡¡goods¡¡produced¡¡in¡¡France¡¡would¡¡not¡¡be¡¡able¡¡to¡¡increase¡¡as¡¡part¡¡of¡¡its¡¡qualified¡¡labor¡¡force¡¡moved¡¡to¡¡other¡¡countries.
6.¡¡According¡¡to¡¡the¡¡passage,¡¡the¡¡French¡¡workers¡¡were¡¡_____________.
¡ðA.¡¡better¡¡paid¡¡than¡¡the¡¡workers¡¡in¡¡any¡¡other¡¡European¡¡country
¡ðB.¡¡able¡¡to¡¡save¡¡more¡¡money¡¡with¡¡the¡¡increase¡¡in¡¡his¡¡wages
¡ðC.¡¡anxious¡¡to¡¡work¡¡abroad
¡ðD.¡¡often¡¡unable¡¡to¡¡find¡¡work¡¡in¡¡France
7.¡¡Which¡¡was¡¡not¡¡true¡¡in¡¡French?
¡ðA.¡¡Food¡¡costs¡¡were¡¡low.
¡ðB.¡¡Wages¡¡had¡¡increased.
¡ðC.¡¡The¡¡state¡¡paid¡¡family¡¡allowances.
¡ðD.¡¡There¡¡was¡¡overtime¡¡employment.
8.¡¡According¡¡to¡¡the¡¡passage,¡¡French¡¡production¡¡___________.
¡ðA.¡¡was¡¡inadequate¡¡to¡¡meet¡¡the¡¡needs¡¡of¡¡the¡¡French¡¡people
¡ðB.¡¡was¡¡flooding¡¡the¡¡international¡¡market¡¡with¡¡inferior
¡ðC.¡¡emphasized¡¡industrial¡¡production¡¡at¡¡the¡¡expense¡¡of¡¡agricultural¡¡production
¡ðD.¡¡was¡¡enough¡¡for¡¡the¡¡local¡¡market
9.¡¡According¡¡to¡¡the¡¡passage,¡¡the¡¡French¡¡government¡¡_____________.
¡ðA.¡¡prohibited¡¡French¡¡to¡¡work¡¡abroad
¡ðB.¡¡reduced¡¡taxed¡¡to¡¡fight¡¡inflation
¡ðC.¡¡paid¡¡family¡¡allowances¡¡and¡¡benefits
¡ðD.¡¡prohibited¡¡the¡¡French¡¡workers¡¡to¡¡join¡¡labor¡¡unions
10.¡¡Which¡¡of¡¡the¡¡following¡¡is¡¡not¡¡true?
¡ðA.¡¡Migration¡¡of¡¡workers¡¡would¡¡deplete¡¡the¡¡labor¡¡force.
¡ðB.¡¡The¡¡lack¡¡of¡¡qualified¡¡workers¡¡might¡¡stop¡¡the¡¡improvement¡¡in¡¡the¡¡quality¡¡of¡¡products.
¡ðC.¡¡Qualified¡¡workers¡¡work¡¡abroad¡¡would¡¡increase¡¡the¡¡quality¡¡of¡¡products¡¡in¡¡foreign¡¡countries.
¡ðD.¡¡Qualified¡¡workers¡¡work¡¡abroad¡¡was¡¡good¡¡for¡¡France.
Passage¡¡3
¡¡¡¡Aristotle,¡¡the¡¡Greek¡¡philosopher,¡¡summed¡¡up¡¡the¡¡four¡¡chief¡¡qualities¡¡of¡¡money¡¡some¡¡2,000¡¡years¡¡ago.¡¡It¡¡must¡¡be¡¡lasting¡¡and¡¡easy¡¡to¡¡recognize,¡¡to¡¡divide,¡¡and¡¡to¡¡carry¡¡about.
¡¡¡¡When¡¡we¡¡think¡¡of¡¡money¡¡today,¡¡we¡¡picture¡¡it¡¡¡¡as¡¡round,¡¡flat¡¡pieces¡¡of¡¡metal¡¡which¡¡we¡¡call¡¡coins,¡¡or¡¡as¡¡printed¡¡paper¡¡notes.¡¡But¡¡there¡¡are¡¡still¡¡parts¡¡of¡¡the¡¡world¡¡today¡¡where¡¡coins¡¡and¡¡notes¡¡are¡¡of¡¡no¡¡use.¡¡They¡¡will¡¡buy¡¡nothing,¡¡and¡¡a¡¡traveler¡¡might¡¡starve¡¡if¡¡he¡¡had¡¡none¡¡of¡¡the¡¡particular¡¡local¡¡"money"¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡Among¡¡remote¡¡people,¡¡who¡¡are¡¡not¡¡often¡¡reached¡¡by¡¡traders¡¡from¡¡outside,¡¡commerce¡¡usually¡¡means¡¡barter¡¡(ÎïÎï½»»»).¡¡There¡¡is¡¡a¡¡direct¡¡exchange¡¡of¡¡goods.¡¡Perhaps¡¡it¡¡is¡¡fish¡¡for¡¡vegetables,¡¡meat¡¡for¡¡grain,¡¡or¡¡various¡¡kinds¡¡of¡¡food¡¡in¡¡exchange¡¡for¡¡pots,¡¡baskets,¡¡or¡¡other¡¡manufactured¡¡goods.¡¡For¡¡this¡¡kind¡¡of¡¡simple¡¡trading,¡¡money¡¡is¡¡not¡¡needed,¡¡but¡¡there¡¡is¡¡often¡¡something¡¡that¡¡everyone¡¡wants¡¡and¡¡everybody¡¡can¡¡use,¡¡such¡¡as¡¡salt¡¡to¡¡flavor¡¡(¸ø¡¡µ÷ζ)¡¡food,¡¡shells¡¡for¡¡ornaments(×°ÊÎ),¡¡or¡¡iron¡¡and¡¡copper¡¡to¡¡make¡¡into¡¡tools¡¡and¡¡pots.¡¡These¡¡things-salt,¡¡shells¡¡or¡¡metals-are¡¡till¡¡used¡¡as¡¡money¡¡in¡¡out-of-the¡¡way¡¡parts¡¡of¡¡the¡¡world¡¡today.
¡¡¡¡Salt¡¡may¡¡rather¡¡a¡¡strange¡¡substance¡¡to¡¡use¡¡as¡¡money,¡¡but¡¡in¡¡countries¡¡where¡¡the¡¡food¡¡of¡¡the¡¡people¡¡is¡¡mainly¡¡vegetable,¡¡it¡¡is¡¡often¡¡an¡¡absolute¡¡necessity.¡¡Cakes¡¡of¡¡salt,¡¡stamped¡¡to¡¡show¡¡their¡¡value,¡¡were¡¡used¡¡as¡¡money¡¡in¡¡Tibet¡¡until¡¡recent¡¡times,¡¡and¡¡cakes¡¡of¡¡salt¡¡will¡¡still¡¡buy¡¡goods¡¡in¡¡Berneo¡¡and¡¡parts¡¡of¡¡Africa.
¡¡¡¡Cowrie¡¡sea¡¡shells¡¡have¡¡been¡¡used¡¡as¡¡money¡¡at¡¡some¡¡time¡¡or¡¡another¡¡over¡¡the¡¡greater¡¡part¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Old¡¡World.¡¡These¡¡were¡¡collected¡¡mainly¡¡from¡¡the¡¡beaches¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Maldive¡¡Islands¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Indian¡¡Ocean,¡¡and¡¡were¡¡traded¡¡to¡¡India¡¡and¡¡China.¡¡In¡¡Africa,¡¡cowries¡¡were¡¡traded¡¡right¡¡across¡¡the¡¡continent¡¡from¡¡East¡¡to¡¡West.¡¡Four¡¡or¡¡five¡¡thousand¡¡went¡¡for¡¡one¡¡Maria¡¡Theresa¡¡dollar,¡¡an¡¡Austrian¡¡silver¡¡coin¡¡which¡¡was¡¡once¡¡accepted¡¡as¡¡money¡¡in¡¡many¡¡parts¡¡of¡¡Africa.
¡¡¡¡Metal,¡¡valued¡¡by¡¡weight,¡¡early¡¡coins¡¡in¡¡many¡¡parts¡¡of¡¡the¡¡world.¡¡Iron,¡¡in¡¡lumps,¡¡bars¡¡or¡¡rings¡¡is¡¡still¡¡used¡¡in¡¡many¡¡countries¡¡instead¡¡of¡¡money.¡¡It¡¡can¡¡either¡¡be¡¡exchanged¡¡for¡¡goods,¡¡or¡¡made¡¡into¡¡tools,¡¡weapons¡¡or¡¡ornaments.¡¡The¡¡early¡¡money¡¡of¡¡China,¡¡apart¡¡from¡¡shells,¡¡was¡¡of¡¡bronze¡¡(ÇàÍ),¡¡ten¡¡in¡¡flat,¡¡round¡¡pieces¡¡with¡¡a¡¡hole¡¡in¡¡the¡¡middle,¡¡called¡¡"cash".¡¡The¡¡earliest¡¡of¡¡these¡¡are¡¡between¡¡three¡¡thousand¡¡and¡¡four¡¡thousand¡¡years¡¡old-older¡¡than¡¡the¡¡earliest¡¡coins¡¡of¡¡the¡¡eastern¡¡Mediterranean.
¡¡¡¡Nowadays,¡¡coins¡¡and¡¡notes¡¡have¡¡taken¡¡place¡¡of¡¡nearly¡¡all¡¡the¡¡more¡¡interesting¡¡forms¡¡of¡¡money,¡¡and¡¡although¡¡in¡¡one¡¡or¡¡two¡¡of¡¡the¡¡more¡¡remote¡¡countries¡¡people¡¡still¡¡hold¡¡it¡¡for¡¡future¡¡use¡¡on¡¡ceremonial¡¡(ÒÇʽµÄ)¡¡occasions¡¡such¡¡as¡¡weddings¡¡and¡¡funerals¡¡(ÔáÀñ),¡¡examples¡¡of¡¡early¡¡money¡¡will¡¡soon¡¡be¡¡found¡¡only¡¡in¡¡museums.
11.¡¡In¡¡some¡¡parts¡¡of¡¡the¡¡world¡¡a¡¡traveler¡¡might¡¡starve¡¡__________.
¡ðA.¡¡even¡¡if¡¡his¡¡money¡¡was¡¡of¡¡the¡¡local¡¡kind
¡ðB.¡¡even¡¡if¡¡the¡¡had¡¡no¡¡coins¡¡or¡¡notes
¡ðC.¡¡if¡¡the¡¡did¡¡not¡¡know¡¡the¡¡local¡¡rate¡¡of¡¡exchange
¡ðD.¡¡even¡¡if¡¡he¡¡had¡¡plenty¡¡of¡¡coins¡¡and¡¡notes
12.¡¡Barter¡¡usually¡¡takes¡¡the¡¡place¡¡of¡¡money¡¡transaction¡¡where¡¡__________.
¡ðA.¡¡there¡¡is¡¡only¡¡salt
¡ðB.¡¡the¡¡people#39;s¡¡trading¡¡needs¡¡are¡¡fairly¡¡simple
¡ðC.¡¡metal¡¡tools¡¡are¡¡used
¡ðD.¡¡only¡¡for¡¡ceremonial¡¡purposes
13.¡¡Salt¡¡is¡¡still¡¡used¡¡as¡¡money¡¡__________.
¡ðA.¡¡in¡¡Tibet
¡ðB.¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Maldive¡¡Islands
¡ðC.¡¡in¡¡several¡¡countries
¡ðD.¡¡only¡¡for¡¡ceremonial¡¡purposes
14.¡¡Four¡¡or¡¡five¡¡thousand¡¡cowrie¡¡shells¡¡used¡¡to¡¡be¡¡__________.
¡ðA.¡¡as¡¡valuable¡¡as¡¡a¡¡Maria¡¡Theresa¡¡dollar
¡ðB.¡¡valued¡¡because¡¡they¡¡were¡¡easy¡¡to¡¡carry
¡ðC.¡¡useful¡¡currency¡¡in¡¡south¡¡America
¡ðD.¡¡useful¡¡currency¡¡in¡¡south¡¡America
15.¡¡The¡¡earliest¡¡known¡¡coins¡¡from¡¡the¡¡eastern¡¡Mediterranean¡¡_________.
¡ðA.¡¡are¡¡as¡¡old¡¡as¡¡the¡¡earliest¡¡known¡¡Chinese¡¡coins
¡ðB.¡¡are¡¡old¡¡than¡¡the¡¡earliest¡¡known¡¡Chinese¡¡coins
¡ðC.¡¡are¡¡not¡¡as¡¡old¡¡as¡¡the¡¡earliest¡¡known¡¡Chinese¡¡coins
¡ðD.¡¡were¡¡much¡¡larger¡¡than¡¡their¡¡Chinese¡¡equivalents
µÚ¶þ²¿·Ö¡¡Íê³É¾ä×Ó¡¡(25·Ö)
¸ù¾Ý¶ÌÎÄÄÚÈÝÍê³É¾ä×Ó£¬Ã¿¸ö¿Õ¸ñÖ»ÄÜÌîÒ»¸öµ¥´Ê¡£Óеĵ¥´ÊµÚÒ»¸ö×ÖĸÒѾ¸ø³ö£¬Ç뽫ÆäÓà×Öĸ²¹È«¡£
¡¡¡¡Once¡¡upon¡¡a¡¡time¡¡(not¡¡so¡¡very¡¡long¡¡ago,¡¡either!)¡¡industrial¡¡goods¡¡were¡¡made¡¡to¡¡last¡¡forever.¡¡If¡¡you¡¡bought¡¡a¡¡car¡¡or¡¡a¡¡stove,¡¡it¡¡was¡¡a¡¡once-in-a-life¡¡time¡¡investment.¡¡You¡¡paid¡¡good¡¡money¡¡for¡¡it,¡¡and¡¡you¡¡took¡¡good¡¡care¡¡of¡¡it.¡¡Nowadays¡¡industry¡¡has¡¡persuaded¡¡us¡¡that¡¡products¡¡shouldn#39;t¡¡last¡¡a¡¡long¡¡time.¡¡It#39;s¡¡cheaper¡¡to¡¡throw¡¡them¡¡away¡¡than¡¡it¡¡is¡¡to¡¡repair¡¡them.¡¡This¡¡has¡¡led¡¡directly¡¡to¡¡the¡¡"throw¡¡away¡¡society"¡¡which¡¡is¡¡a¡¡tremendous¡¡(¾Þ´óµÄ)¡¡waste¡¡of¡¡the¡¡earth#39;s¡¡resources.
¡¡¡¡Just¡¡think¡¡of¡¡the¡¡cars¡¡that¡¡are¡¡traded¡¡daily,¡¡just¡¡because¡¡they¡¡are¡¡out¡¡of¡¡style.¡¡Think¡¡of¡¡the¡¡expensive¡¡packaging¡¡material¡¡that¡¡is¡¡thrown¡¡away¡¡every¡¡time¡¡a¡¡new¡¡object¡¡is¡¡bought.¡¡And¡¡we¡¡consumers¡¡(Ïû·ÑÕß)¡¡have¡¡to¡¡pay¡¡for¡¡that¡¡material!¡¡Our¡¡industrial¡¡society¡¡has¡¡turned¡¡us¡¡into¡¡spoiled¡¡children.¡¡This¡¡wastefulness¡¡(Ïû·Ñ)¡¡has¡¡got¡¡into¡¡the¡¡mess¡¡we¡¡are¡¡in¡¡now.¡¡when¡¡we¡¡have¡¡no¡¡resources¡¡left,¡¡then¡¡we#39;ll¡¡start¡¡to¡¡take¡¡care¡¡of¡¡what¡¡we¡¡have.¡¡But¡¡why¡¡can#39;t¡¡we¡¡act¡¡before¡¡this¡¡happens?¡¡Why¡¡can#39;t¡¡we¡¡go¡¡back¡¡to¡¡being¡¡a¡¡society¡¡in¡¡which¡¡the¡¡prevention¡¡(·ÀÖ¹)¡¡of¡¡waste¡¡is¡¡a¡¡virtue¡¡(ÃÀµÂ)?
16.¡¡Not¡¡long¡¡ago,¡¡products¡¡were¡¡made¡¡to¡¡last¡¡to¡¡_______¡¡as¡¡you¡¡take¡¡care¡¡of¡¡them.
17.¡¡People¡¡don#39;t¡¡repair¡¡many¡¡things¡¡nowadays¡¡because¡¡they¡¡spend¡¡______¡¡to¡¡buy¡¡a¡¡new¡¡one.
18.¡¡The¡¡shoppers¡¡have¡¡to¡¡pay¡¡not¡¡only¡¡for¡¡the¡¡goods¡¡themselves¡¡but¡¡also¡¡for¡¡the¡¡______¡¡paper.
19.¡¡According¡¡to¡¡the¡¡author#39;s¡¡idea,¡¡we¡¡should¡¡take¡¡care¡¡of¡¡what¡¡we¡¡have¡¡when¡¡there¡¡are¡¡________¡¡resources¡¡left.
20.¡¡"The¡¡mess"¡¡(in¡¡the¡¡5th¡¡Line¡¡of¡¡2nd¡¡Paragraph)¡¡means¡¡_________.
µÚÈý²¿·Ö¡¡ÔĶÁÀí½â¡¡(80·Ö)
Passage¡¡1
¡¡¡¡One¡¡phase¡¡of¡¡the¡¡business¡¡cycle¡¡is¡¡the¡¡expansion¡¡phase.¡¡This¡¡phase¡¡is¡¡a¡¡two-fold¡¡one,¡¡including¡¡recovery¡¡and¡¡prosperity.¡¡During¡¡the¡¡recovery¡¡period¡¡there¡¡is¡¡ever¡¡-¡¡growing¡¡expansion¡¡of¡¡existing¡¡facilities¡¡and¡¡new¡¡facilities¡¡for¡¡production¡¡are¡¡created.¡¡More¡¡businesses¡¡are¡¡created¡¡and¡¡older¡¡ones¡¡expanded.¡¡Improvements¡¡of¡¡various¡¡kinds¡¡are¡¡made.¡¡There¡¡is¡¡an¡¡ever¡¡increasing¡¡optimism¡¡(ÀÖ¹ÛÖ÷Òå)¡¡about¡¡the¡¡future¡¡of¡¡economic¡¡growth.¡¡Much¡¡capital¡¡is¡¡invested¡¡in¡¡machinery¡¡or¡¡"heavy"¡¡industry.¡¡More¡¡labor¡¡is¡¡employed.¡¡More¡¡raw¡¡materials¡¡are¡¡required.¡¡As¡¡one¡¡part¡¡of¡¡the¡¡economy¡¡develops,¡¡other¡¡parts¡¡are¡¡affected.¡¡For¡¡example,¡¡a¡¡great¡¡expansion¡¡in¡¡automobiles¡¡results¡¡in¡¡an¡¡expansion¡¡of¡¡the¡¡steel,¡¡glass,¡¡and¡¡industries.¡¡Roads¡¡are¡¡required.¡¡Thus¡¡the¡¡cement¡¡and¡¡machinery¡¡industries¡¡are¡¡stimulated.¡¡Demand¡¡for¡¡labor¡¡and¡¡materials¡¡results¡¡in¡¡greater¡¡prosperity¡¡for¡¡workers¡¡and¡¡suppliers¡¡(¹©Ó¦ÉÌ)¡¡of¡¡raw¡¡materials,¡¡including¡¡farmers.¡¡This¡¡increases¡¡purchasing¡¡power¡¡and¡¡the¡¡volume¡¡of¡¡goods¡¡bought¡¡and¡¡sold.¡¡Thus¡¡prosperity¡¡is¡¡diffused¡¡(À©É¢)¡¡among¡¡the¡¡various¡¡portions¡¡of¡¡the¡¡population.¡¡This¡¡prosperity¡¡period¡¡may¡¡continue¡¡to¡¡rise¡¡and¡¡rise¡¡without¡¡an¡¡apparent¡¡end.¡¡However¡¡a¡¡time¡¡comes¡¡when¡¡this¡¡phase¡¡reaches¡¡a¡¡peak¡¡and¡¡stop¡¡spiraling¡¡(ÅÌÐýµØÒƶ¯)¡¡upwards.¡¡This¡¡is¡¡the¡¡end¡¡of¡¡the¡¡expansion¡¡phase. >
21.¡¡We¡¡may¡¡assume¡¡that¡¡in¡¡the¡¡next¡¡paragraph¡¡the¡¡writer¡¡will¡¡discuss¡¡_______.
¡ðA.¡¡union¡¡demands
¡ðB.¡¡the¡¡status¡¡of¡¡the¡¡farmer
¡ðC.¡¡the¡¡higher¡¡cost¡¡of¡¡living
¡ðD.¡¡the¡¡recession¡¡period
22.¡¡The¡¡title¡¡below¡¡that¡¡best¡¡expresses¡¡the¡¡idea¡¡of¡¡this¡¡passage¡¡is¡¡________.
¡ðA.¡¡The¡¡Business¡¡Cycle
¡ðB.¡¡The¡¡Recovery¡¡Stage
¡ðC.¡¡Attaining¡¡Prosperity
¡ðD.¡¡The¡¡Period¡¡of¡¡Good¡¡Times
23.¡¡Prosperity¡¡in¡¡one¡¡industry¡¡_________.
¡ðA.¡¡reflects¡¡itself¡¡in¡¡many¡¡other¡¡industries
¡ðB.¡¡will¡¡spiral¡¡upwards
¡ðC.¡¡will¡¡affect¡¡the¡¡steel¡¡industry
¡ðD.¡¡will¡¡end¡¡abruptly
24.¡¡Which¡¡of¡¡the¡¡following¡¡industries¡¡will¡¡probably¡¡be¡¡a¡¡good¡¡indicator¡¡of¡¡a¡¡period¡¡of¡¡expansion?
¡ðA.¡¡Toys.
¡ðB.¡¡Machine¡¡tools.
¡ðC.¡¡Foodstuffs.
¡ðD.¡¡Farming.
25.¡¡During¡¡the¡¡period¡¡of¡¡prosperity,¡¡people¡¡regard¡¡the¡¡future¡¡___________.
¡ðA.¡¡cautiously
¡ðB.¡¡in¡¡a¡¡confident¡¡manner
¡ðC.¡¡opportunely
¡ðD.¡¡indifferently
Passage¡¡2
¡¡¡¡The¡¡value¡¡of¡¡money¡¡is¡¡going¡¡down.¡¡What¡¡you¡¡could¡¡buy¡¡in¡¡1970¡¡for¡¡¡ê20,¡¡now,¡¡in¡¡1979¡¡costs¡¡¡ê56.40.¡¡That#39;s¡¡inflation¡¡and¡¡nobody¡¡likes¡¡it,¡¡least¡¡of¡¡all¡¡the¡¡Bank¡¡of¡¡England.¡¡One¡¡of¡¡the¡¡results¡¡of¡¡inflation¡¡is¡¡that¡¡people¡¡need¡¡coins¡¡and¡¡notes¡¡of¡¡higher¡¡value.¡¡At¡¡the¡¡moment,¡¡the¡¡note¡¡of¡¡the¡¡highest¡¡value¡¡which¡¡is¡¡generally¡¡in¡¡circulation(Á÷ͨ)¡¡is¡¡the¡¡¡ê20¡¡note.¡¡Now,¡¡the¡¡Bank¡¡of¡¡England¡¡plans¡¡to¡¡introduce¡¡a¡¡new,¡¡¡ê50¡¡note.¡¡And¡¡the¡¡Bank¡¡is¡¡trying¡¡to¡¡decide¡¡which¡¡famous¡¡English¡¡man¡¡or¡¡woman¡¡to¡¡put¡¡on¡¡the¡¡back¡¡of¡¡the¡¡new¡¡note.
Quite¡¡a¡¡problem.¡¡The¡¡Bank¡¡usually¡¡chooses¡¡safe,¡¡historical¡¡personalities.¡¡We¡¡already¡¡have¡¡Sir¡¡Isaac¡¡Newton,¡¡the¡¡scientist,¡¡the¡¡first¡¡duck¡¡of¡¡Wellington,¡¡the¡¡famous¡¡soldier¡¡who¡¡led¡¡the¡¡British¡¡army¡¡at¡¡Waterloo,¡¡Florence¡¡Nightingale,¡¡founder¡¡of¡¡English¡¡nursing¡¡and¡¡-¡¡of¡¡course¡¡-¡¡Shakespeare.¡¡So¡¡far,¡¡the¡¡list¡¡of¡¡possible¡¡choices¡¡for¡¡the¡¡¡ê50¡¡note¡¡is¡¡quite¡¡predictable¡¡(¿ÉÔ¤²âµÄ).¡¡There#39;s¡¡Sir¡¡Francis¡¡Drake,¡¡to¡¡represent¡¡the¡¡achievements¡¡of¡¡English¡¡explorers¡¡in¡¡the¡¡sixteenth¡¡century.¡¡Then¡¡we¡¡have¡¡Lord¡¡Nelson,¡¡another¡¡sailor¡¡and¡¡the¡¡man¡¡who¡¡won¡¡the¡¡battle¡¡of¡¡Trafalgar¡¡in¡¡1805¡¡for¡¡England.¡¡Isambard¡¡Kingdom¡¡Brunel,¡¡the¡¡engineer,¡¡is¡¡also¡¡on¡¡the¡¡list¡¡because¡¡of¡¡the¡¡magnificent¡¡bridges¡¡which¡¡he¡¡built.¡¡The¡¡Bank¡¡will¡¡not¡¡forget¡¡music¡¡this¡¡time¡¡either¡¡-¡¡sir¡¡Edward¡¡Elgar,¡¡one¡¡of¡¡our¡¡most¡¡famous¡¡composers¡¡of¡¡the¡¡nineteenth¡¡century¡¡is¡¡a¡¡possible¡¡choice.¡¡If¡¡they¡¡choose¡¡a¡¡woman,¡¡the¡¡faminist¡¡(ŮȨÖ÷ÒåÕß)¡¡movement¡¡has¡¡two¡¡representatives;¡¡Boadicea,¡¡Queen¡¡of¡¡the¡¡early¡¡English¡¡tribes¡¡of¡¡the¡¡first¡¡century,¡¡who¡¡fought¡¡against¡¡the¡¡Romans,¡¡or¡¡Emily¡¡Pankhurst,¡¡who¡¡fought¡¡to¡¡get¡¡the¡¡vote¡¡for¡¡women¡¡early¡¡in¡¡this¡¡century.
What¡¡do¡¡you¡¡think¡¡of¡¡this¡¡selection?¡¡There#39;s¡¡no¡¡one¡¡who¡¡was¡¡alive¡¡in¡¡the¡¡last¡¡fifty¡¡years¡¡on¡¡it¡¡and¡¡no¡¡political¡¡leader.¡¡Why¡¡not?¡¡Why¡¡doesn#39;t¡¡the¡¡Bank¡¡choose¡¡popular¡¡heroes-like¡¡the¡¡Beetles,¡¡for¡¡example?¡¡Write¡¡and¡¡tell¡¡"BBC¡¡Modern¡¡English"¡¡who¡¡is¡¡on¡¡your¡¡list¡¡for¡¡this¡¡banknote.¡¡Imagine¡¡you¡¡have¡¡to¡¡choose¡¡some¡¡personality¡¡to¡¡go¡¡on¡¡a¡¡banknote¡¡in¡¡your¡¡own¡¡country.¡¡Who¡¡is¡¡your¡¡choice?
26.¡¡"Inflation"¡¡in¡¡this¡¡story¡¡means¡¡_________.
¡ðA.¡¡"rise¡¡in¡¡prices¡¡resulting¡¡from¡¡an¡¡increase¡¡in¡¡the¡¡money,¡¡credit,¡¡etc."
¡ðB.¡¡"the¡¡rise¡¡and¡¡fall¡¡of¡¡the¡¡voice¡¡in¡¡speaking"
¡ðC.¡¡"the¡¡process¡¡of¡¡inflating¡¡or¡¡being¡¡inflated"
¡ðD.¡¡"an¡¡illness¡¡brought¡¡by¡¡infection"
27.¡¡Who¡¡dislike(s)¡¡inflation¡¡most?
¡ðA.¡¡Ordinary¡¡people.
¡ðB.¡¡Merchants.
¡ðC.¡¡Officials.
¡ðD.¡¡The¡¡Bank¡¡of¡¡England.
28.¡¡Why¡¡is¡¡there¡¡no-one¡¡who¡¡was¡¡alive¡¡in¡¡the¡¡last¡¡fifty¡¡years¡¡in¡¡the¡¡selection¡¡and¡¡no¡¡political¡¡leader?
¡ðA.¡¡Because¡¡the¡¡Bank¡¡of¡¡England¡¡does¡¡not¡¡like¡¡contemporary¡¡figures¡¡and¡¡political¡¡leaders.
¡ðB.¡¡Because¡¡living¡¡personalities¡¡and¡¡political¡¡leaders¡¡are¡¡not¡¡as¡¡influential¡¡as¡¡anyone¡¡in¡¡this¡¡selection.
¡ðC.¡¡Because¡¡the¡¡Bank¡¡of¡¡England¡¡usually¡¡chooses¡¡safe¡¡and¡¡historical¡¡personalities.
¡ðD.¡¡Because¡¡living¡¡personalities¡¡and¡¡political¡¡leaders¡¡are¡¡not¡¡allowed¡¡to¡¡be¡¡put¡¡on¡¡the¡¡back¡¡of¡¡the¡¡new¡¡banknote.
29.¡¡The¡¡British¡¡army¡¡at¡¡Waterloo¡¡was¡¡fighting¡¡against¡¡_________.
¡ðA.¡¡the¡¡Indian¡¡army
¡ðB.¡¡the¡¡French¡¡army
¡ðC.¡¡the¡¡Spanish¡¡army
¡ðD.¡¡the¡¡Russian¡¡army
30.¡¡BBC¡¡Modern¡¡English¡¡is¡¡_____________.
¡ðA.¡¡a¡¡book
¡ðB.¡¡a¡¡TV¡¡program
¡ðC.¡¡a¡¡TV¡¡guide
¡ðD.¡¡a¡¡magazine¡¡for¡¡students¡¡of¡¡English¡¡as¡¡a¡¡foreign¡¡language
µÚËIJ¿·Ö¡¡¸ÅÀ¨´óÒâ¡¡(20·Ö)
¸øÏÂÃæһƪÎÄÕµÄÿһ¶Î¸ÅÀ¨´óÒ⡣ÿһ¶ÎµÄÖ÷ÌâÓÃÒ»¸ö»ò¼¸¸öµ¥´Ê±íʾ£¬¿Õ³öµÄ´ÊÒѸø³öÁ˵ÚÒ»¸ö×Öĸ£¬Çë°ÑÆäÓà×Öĸ²¹È«¡£
31.¡¡F¡¡abundance¡¡and¡¡Price¡¡Rising
¡¡¡¡The¡¡long¡¡years¡¡of¡¡food¡¡shortage¡¡in¡¡this¡¡country¡¡have¡¡suddenly¡¡give¡¡way¡¡to¡¡apparent¡¡abundance.¡¡Stores¡¡and¡¡shops¡¡are¡¡choked¡¡with¡¡food.¡¡Rationing¡¡(¶¨Á¿¹©Ó¦)¡¡is¡¡virtually¡¡suspended¡¡(ÔÝÍ£),¡¡and¡¡overseas¡¡suppliers¡¡(¹©Ó¦ÉÌ)¡¡have¡¡been¡¡asked¡¡to¡¡hold¡¡back¡¡deliveries.¡¡Yet,¡¡instead¡¡of¡¡joy,¡¡there¡¡is¡¡wide-spread¡¡uneasiness¡¡and¡¡confusion.¡¡Why¡¡do¡¡food¡¡prices¡¡keep¡¡on¡¡rising¡¡when¡¡there¡¡seems¡¡to¡¡be¡¡so¡¡much¡¡more¡¡food¡¡about?¡¡Is¡¡the¡¡abundance¡¡only¡¡temporary,¡¡or¡¡has¡¡it¡¡come¡¡to¡¡stay?¡¡Does¡¡it¡¡mean¡¡that¡¡we¡¡need¡¡to¡¡think¡¡less¡¡now¡¡about¡¡producing¡¡more¡¡food¡¡at¡¡home?¡¡No¡¡one¡¡knows¡¡what¡¡to¡¡expect.
32.¡¡Rea¡¡
The¡¡recent¡¡growth¡¡of¡¡export¡¡surpluses¡¡on¡¡the¡¡world¡¡food¡¡market¡¡has¡¡certainly¡¡been¡¡unexpectedly¡¡great,¡¡partly¡¡because¡¡a¡¡strange¡¡sequence¡¡of¡¡two¡¡successful¡¡grain¡¡harvests¡¡in¡¡North¡¡America¡¡is¡¡now¡¡being¡¡followed¡¡by¡¡a¡¡third.¡¡Most¡¡of¡¡Britain#39;s¡¡overseas¡¡suppliers¡¡of¡¡meat,¡¡too,¡¡are¡¡offering¡¡more¡¡this¡¡year¡¡and¡¡home¡¡production¡¡has¡¡also¡¡risen.
33.¡¡E¡¡of¡¡Food¡¡Situation
But¡¡the¡¡effect¡¡of¡¡all¡¡this¡¡on¡¡the¡¡food¡¡situation¡¡in¡¡this¡¡country¡¡has¡¡been¡¡made¡¡worse¡¡by¡¡a¡¡simultaneous¡¡rise¡¡in¡¡food¡¡prices,¡¡due¡¡chiefly¡¡to¡¡the¡¡gradual¡¡cutting¡¡down¡¡of¡¡government¡¡support¡¡for¡¡food.¡¡The¡¡shops¡¡are¡¡overstocked¡¡(´æ»õ¹ý¶à)¡¡with¡¡food¡¡out¡¡only¡¡because¡¡there¡¡is¡¡more¡¡food¡¡available,¡¡but¡¡also¡¡because¡¡people,¡¡frightened¡¡by¡¡high¡¡prices,¡¡are¡¡buying¡¡less¡¡of¡¡it.
34.¡¡Fa¡¡of¡¡World¡¡Prices
Moreover,¡¡the¡¡rise¡¡in¡¡domestic¡¡prices¡¡has¡¡come¡¡at¡¡a¡¡time¡¡when¡¡world¡¡pries¡¡have¡¡begun¡¡to¡¡fall¡¡with¡¡the¡¡result¡¡that¡¡imported¡¡food,¡¡with¡¡the¡¡exception¡¡of¡¡grain,¡¡is¡¡often¡¡cheaper¡¡than¡¡the¡¡home-produced¡¡variety.¡¡And¡¡now¡¡grain¡¡prices,¡¡too,¡¡are¡¡falling.¡¡Consumers¡¡are¡¡beginning¡¡to¡¡ask¡¡why¡¡they¡¡should¡¡not¡¡be¡¡enabled¡¡to¡¡benefit¡¡form¡¡this¡¡trend.
35.¡¡The¡¡Res¡¡of¡¡Farmers¡¡Fear
The¡¡significance¡¡of¡¡these¡¡developments¡¡is¡¡not¡¡lost¡¡on¡¡farmers.¡¡The¡¡older¡¡generation¡¡have¡¡seen¡¡it¡¡all¡¡happen¡¡before.¡¡Despite¡¡the¡¡present¡¡price¡¡and¡¡market¡¡guarantees,¡¡farmers¡¡fear¡¡they¡¡are¡¡about¡¡to¡¡be¡¡squeezed¡¡between¡¡cheap¡¡food¡¡imports¡¡and¡¡a¡¡shrinking¡¡home¡¡market.¡¡Present¡¡production¡¡is¡¡running¡¡at¡¡51¡¡per¡¡cent¡¡above¡¡pre-war¡¡levels,¡¡and¡¡the¡¡government¡¡has¡¡called¡¡for¡¡an¡¡expansion¡¡to¡¡60¡¡per¡¡cent¡¡by¡¡1956;¡¡but¡¡repeated¡¡Ministerial¡¡(ÄÚ¸óµÄ)¡¡advice¡¡is¡¡carrying¡¡little¡¡weight¡¡and¡¡the¡¡expansion¡¡programme¡¡is¡¡not¡¡working¡¡very¡¡well.
µÚÎ岿·Ö¡¡ÔĶÁÀí½â¡¡(120·Ö)
Passage¡¡1
¡¡¡¡There¡¡are¡¡striking¡¡differences¡¡between¡¡financial¡¡markets¡¡on¡¡the¡¡Continent¡¡of¡¡Europe¡¡on¡¡the¡¡one¡¡hand,¡¡and¡¡in¡¡Britain¡¡on¡¡the¡¡other.¡¡In¡¡Britain,¡¡the¡¡market¡¡is¡¡really¡¡the¡¡City¡¡of¡¡London.¡¡It¡¡is¡¡a¡¡free¡¡market:¡¡and¡¡it¡¡controls¡¡most¡¡of¡¡the¡¡flow¡¡of¡¡savings¡¡to¡¡investment.¡¡On¡¡the¡¡Continent,¡¡either¡¡a¡¡few¡¡banks¡¡or¡¡government¡¡institutions¡¡dominate¡¡the¡¡money¡¡markets.¡¡In¡¡France¡¡and¡¡Italy,¡¡for¡¡example,¡¡government¡¡bureaucrats¡¡(¹ÙÁÅ)¡¡direct¡¡the¡¡flow¡¡of¡¡funds¡¡to¡¡suit¡¡their¡¡economic¡¡plans.¡¡In¡¡Germany¡¡the¡¡flow¡¡is¡¡directed¡¡by¡¡the¡¡all-powerful¡¡banks.¡¡In¡¡Britain¡¡there¡¡is¡¡more¡¡free¡¡interplay¡¡(Ï໥×÷ÓÃ)¡¡of¡¡market¡¡forces¡¡and¡¡far¡¡fewer¡¡regulations,¡¡rules¡¡and¡¡"red¡¡tape".¡¡A¡¡French¡¡banker¡¡summed¡¡it¡¡up¡¡this¡¡way¡¡:¡¡"¡¡On¡¡the¡¡Continent¡¡you¡¡can#39;t¡¡do¡¡anything¡¡unless¡¡you#39;ve¡¡been¡¡old¡¡you¡¡can;¡¡in¡¡England¡¡on¡¡the¡¡other¡¡hand¡¡you¡¡can¡¡do¡¡everything¡¡as¡¡long¡¡as¡¡you¡¡haven#39;t¡¡been¡¡told¡¡not¡¡to."
¡¡¡¡There¡¡are¡¡many¡¡basic¡¡reasons¡¡for¡¡these¡¡differences.¡¡One¡¡is¡¡that¡¡Continental¡¡savers¡¡(´¢ÐîÕß)¡¡tend¡¡to¡¡prefer¡¡gold,¡¡cash¡¡or¡¡short-term¡¡assets.¡¡They¡¡invest¡¡only¡¡10%¡¡of¡¡their¡¡savings¡¡in¡¡institutions¡¡like¡¡pension¡¡funds¡¡or¡¡insurance¡¡companies.¡¡But¡¡in¡¡Britain¡¡50%¡¡of¡¡savings¡¡goes¡¡to¡¡them,¡¡and¡¡they,¡¡in¡¡turn,¡¡invest¡¡directly¡¡in¡¡equity¡¡(֤ȯ)¡¡market.¡¡A¡¡far¡¡lower¡¡proportion¡¡of¡¡savings¡¡is¡¡put¡¡in¡¡the¡¡banks¡¡in¡¡the¡¡form¡¡of¡¡liquid¡¡assets¡¡than¡¡on¡¡the¡¡Continent.¡¡Continent¡¡governments¡¡intervene¡¡directly¡¡or¡¡through¡¡the¡¡banks¡¡to¡¡collect¡¡saving¡¡together¡¡and¡¡transform¡¡them¡¡into¡¡medium¡¡or¡¡long-term¡¡loans¡¡for¡¡investment.¡¡The¡¡equity¡¡market¡¡is¡¡largely¡¡by-passed.¡¡On¡¡the¡¡Continent¡¡economic¡¡planning¡¡tends¡¡to¡¡be¡¡far¡¡more¡¡centralized¡¡(°Ñ¡¡¼¯ÖÐÆðÀ´)¡¡than¡¡in¡¡Britain.¡¡In¡¡Britain¡¡it¡¡is¡¡possible¡¡to¡¡influence¡¡decisions¡¡affecting¡¡the¡¡country#39;s¡¡economy¡¡from¡¡within¡¡the¡¡City.¡¡It¡¡attracts¡¡a¡¡skilled¡¡and¡¡highly¡¡qualified¡¡work¡¡force.¡¡In¡¡France,¡¡on¡¡the¡¡other¡¡hand,¡¡an¡¡intelligent¡¡young¡¡man¡¡who¡¡wants¡¡a¡¡career¡¡in¡¡finance¡¡would¡¡probably¡¡find¡¡the¡¡civil¡¡service¡¡more¡¡attractive.
In¡¡Britain¡¡the¡¡market¡¡or¡¡more¡¡accurately,¡¡money¡¡tends¡¡to¡¡be¡¡regarded¡¡as¡¡an¡¡end¡¡in¡¡itself.¡¡On¡¡the¡¡Continent¡¡it¡¡is¡¡regarded¡¡as¡¡a¡¡means¡¡to¡¡an¡¡end;¡¡investment¡¡in¡¡the¡¡economy.¡¡To¡¡British¡¡eyes¡¡continental¡¡systems¡¡with¡¡the¡¡possible¡¡exception¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Dutch¡¡seem¡¡bureaucratic¡¡(¹ÙÁÅÖ÷ÒåµÄ),¡¡slow¡¡and¡¡inefficient.¡¡But¡¡there¡¡is¡¡one¡¡outstanding¡¡fact¡¡the¡¡City¡¡should¡¡not¡¡overlook.¡¡Britain#39;s¡¡growth¡¡rates¡¡and¡¡levels¡¡investment¡¡over¡¡the¡¡last¡¡ten¡¡years¡¡have¡¡been¡¡much¡¡lower¡¡than¡¡on¡¡the¡¡Continent.¡¡There¡¡are¡¡many¡¡reasons¡¡of¡¡this,¡¡but¡¡the¡¡City¡¡must¡¡take¡¡part¡¡of¡¡the¡¡blame.¡¡If¡¡it¡¡is¡¡accepted¡¡that¡¡the¡¡basic¡¡function¡¡of¡¡a¡¡financial¡¡market¡¡is¡¡to¡¡supply¡¡industry¡¡and¡¡commerce¡¡with¡¡finance¡¡in¡¡order¡¡to¡¡achieve¡¡desired¡¡rates¡¡of¡¡growth,¡¡it¡¡can¡¡be¡¡said¡¡that¡¡by¡¡concentrating¡¡on¡¡the¡¡market¡¡for¡¡its¡¡own¡¡sake¡¡the¡¡City¡¡has¡¡tended¡¡to¡¡forget¡¡that¡¡basic¡¡function.
36.¡¡What¡¡is¡¡the¡¡best¡¡title¡¡for¡¡the¡¡passage?
¡ðA.¡¡Reasons¡¡behind¡¡the¡¡difference.
¡ðB.¡¡Banking¡¡and¡¡Finance:¡¡a¡¡Basic¡¡Difference¡¡in¡¡Attitudes.
¡ðC.¡¡Monetary¡¡Policy¡¡in¡¡Britain.
¡ðD.¡¡The¡¡European¡¡Continent¡¡and¡¡Britain.
37.¡¡What¡¡seems¡¡to¡¡be¡¡the¡¡most¡¡basic¡¡reason¡¡for¡¡this¡¡difference?
¡ðA.¡¡The¡¡British¡¡tend¡¡to¡¡regard¡¡money¡¡as¡¡an¡¡end,¡¡whereas¡¡Continental¡¡European¡¡consider¡¡it¡¡a¡¡means¡¡to¡¡an¡¡end.
¡ðB.¡¡The¡¡British¡¡invest¡¡only¡¡10%¡¡of¡¡their¡¡savings¡¡in¡¡pension¡¡funds.
¡ðC.¡¡On¡¡the¡¡Continent¡¡you¡¡can#39;t¡¡do¡¡anything¡¡unless¡¡you¡¡have¡¡been¡¡told¡¡you¡¡can.
¡ðD.¡¡Intelligent¡¡young¡¡men¡¡who¡¡want¡¡a¡¡career¡¡tend¡¡to¡¡go¡¡to¡¡civil¡¡service¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Continent.
38.¡¡According¡¡to¡¡the¡¡passage,¡¡the¡¡Dutch¡¡way¡¡of¡¡finance¡¡and¡¡banking¡¡________.
¡ðA.¡¡is¡¡similar¡¡to¡¡that¡¡of¡¡the¡¡French
¡ðB.¡¡makes¡¡no¡¡difference¡¡whatever¡¡system¡¡it¡¡follows
¡ðC.¡¡is¡¡perhaps¡¡resembling¡¡that¡¡of¡¡the¡¡British
¡ðD.¡¡has¡¡a¡¡low¡¡efficiency
39.¡¡The¡¡word¡¡"striking"¡¡in¡¡Line¡¡1¡¡means¡¡________.
¡ðA.¡¡beating
¡ðB.¡¡surplus
¡ðC.¡¡noticeable
¡ðD.¡¡seemingly
40.¡¡In¡¡what¡¡way¡¡does¡¡the¡¡Continental¡¡system¡¡seem¡¡better?
¡ðA.¡¡The¡¡Continent¡¡maintains¡¡a¡¡higher¡¡growth¡¡rate¡¡and¡¡levels¡¡of¡¡investment.
¡ðB.¡¡It¡¡has¡¡less¡¡proportions¡¡of¡¡savings¡¡in¡¡the¡¡form¡¡of¡¡liquid¡¡assets.
¡ðC.¡¡It¡¡attracts¡¡intelligent¡¡young¡¡men.
¡ðD.¡¡It¡¡functions¡¡properly¡¡despite¡¡the¡¡fact¡¡that¡¡the¡¡British¡¡discount¡¡it.
Passage¡¡2
¡¡¡¡Insurance¡¡in¡¡respect¡¡of¡¡the¡¡property¡¡will¡¡be¡¡effected¡¡by¡¡the¡¡Society¡¡in¡¡accordance¡¡with¡¡the¡¡Rules¡¡and¡¡the¡¡mortgage¡¡conditions¡¡with¡¡such¡¡insurance¡¡companies¡¡as¡¡the¡¡Society¡¡may¡¡determined.¡¡The¡¡Society¡¡has¡¡a¡¡wide¡¡experience¡¡of¡¡insurance¡¡companies¡¡and¡¡of¡¡the¡¡terms¡¡offered¡¡by¡¡their¡¡policies,¡¡and¡¡places¡¡insurance¡¡with¡¡many¡¡companies¡¡who¡¡are¡¡able¡¡to¡¡provide¡¡the¡¡cover¡¡which¡¡and¡¡if¡¡so¡¡please¡¡contact¡¡immediately¡¡the¡¡Branch¡¡Office¡¡to¡¡which¡¡you¡¡submitted¡¡your¡¡application¡¡for¡¡loan,¡¡and¡¡so¡¡long¡¡as¡¡that¡¡company¡¡and¡¡its¡¡terms¡¡are¡¡acceptable¡¡to¡¡the¡¡Society¡¡cover¡¡will¡¡be¡¡arranged¡¡accordingly.¡¡If¡¡you¡¡should¡¡suggest¡¡a¡¡company¡¡and¡¡it¡¡is¡¡not¡¡one¡¡with¡¡which¡¡the¡¡Society¡¡does¡¡business¡¡you¡¡will¡¡be¡¡informed¡¡and¡¡offered¡¡a¡¡choice¡¡of¡¡other¡¡companies.¡¡You¡¡may¡¡request¡¡a¡¡change¡¡of¡¡insurance¡¡company¡¡at¡¡any¡¡time¡¡during¡¡the¡¡life¡¡of¡¡the¡¡mortgage.¡¡If¡¡your¡¡mortgage¡¡is¡¡under¡¡the¡¡endowment¡¡(ËðÔù)¡¡scheme¡¡or¡¡supported¡¡by¡¡an¡¡insurance¡¡guarantee¡¡or¡¡if¡¡the¡¡documents¡¡of¡¡title¡¡specify¡¡the¡¡company¡¡to¡¡be¡¡used¡¡it¡¡may¡¡not¡¡be¡¡possible¡¡to¡¡accept¡¡your¡¡choice.
The¡¡initial¡¡sum¡¡insured¡¡will¡¡be¡¡the¡¡figure¡¡shown¡¡under¡¡the¡¡heading¡¡"Amount¡¡of¡¡Property¡¡Insurance"¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Details¡¡of¡¡Loan.¡¡This¡¡figure¡¡is¡¡the¡¡amount¡¡recommended¡¡by¡¡the¡¡Society#39;s¡¡valuer¡¡(¹À¼ÛÕß),¡¡as¡¡his¡¡estimate¡¡of¡¡the¡¡replacement¡¡cost¡¡of¡¡the¡¡building¡¡at¡¡the¡¡date¡¡of¡¡valuation,¡¡unless¡¡some¡¡other¡¡amount¡¡has¡¡been¡¡agreed¡¡in¡¡writing¡¡between¡¡you¡¡and¡¡the¡¡Society.¡¡No¡¡guarantee¡¡is¡¡given¡¡or¡¡implied¡¡that¡¡the¡¡amount¡¡of¡¡insurance¡¡will¡¡cover¡¡complete¡¡loss.
You¡¡are¡¡reminded¡¡that¡¡the¡¡market¡¡value¡¡of¡¡your¡¡property¡¡bears¡¡no¡¡relationship¡¡to¡¡the¡¡cost¡¡of¡¡replacement.¡¡The¡¡amount¡¡for¡¡which¡¡property¡¡is¡¡insuditions¡¡are¡¡not¡¡good,¡¡h¡¡50¡¡bonds¡¡are¡¡generally¡¡a¡¡better¡¡investment.¡¡This¡¡is¡¡because¡¡the¡¡interest¡¡paid¡¡b¡¡51¡¡bonds¡¡in¡¡fixed¡¡at¡¡a¡¡certain¡¡rate¡¡when¡¡they¡¡are¡¡issued¡¡the¡¡does¡¡not¡¡c¡¡52¡¡.¡¡Because¡¡of¡¡the¡¡relationship¡¡between¡¡the¡¡economy¡¡a¡¡53¡¡the¡¡performance¡¡of¡¡stocks¡¡and¡¡bonds,¡¡when¡¡people¡¡are¡¡not¡¡sure¡¡a¡¡54¡¡economic¡¡conditions,¡¡they¡¡may¡¡hesitate¡¡before¡¡buying¡¡anything.¡¡They¡¡prefer¡¡to¡¡wait¡¡a¡¡55¡¡see¡¡what¡¡happens¡¡to¡¡the¡¡prices¡¡and¡¡rates¡¡of¡¡interest¡¡of¡¡stocks¡¡and¡¡bonds¡¡before¡¡investing¡¡their¡¡money.
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