where“在哪里”：
Where is he? —He's upstairs/at home/in the office.他在哪里? ——他在楼上/在家里/在办公室。
Where are John and Tom? —They are at school.约翰和汤姆在哪里? ——他们在学校。
how“怎样、如何”：
How is Helen? —She is very well，thank you.海伦好吗? ——她很好，谢谢您。
How old is your son now? —He is fifteen.你儿子多大年纪了? ——他15岁了。
How is the weather today? —The weather is nice today.今天天气怎样? ——今天天气很好。
2.1.7 There is/are的用法
There is/are用于表示某物或某人的存在。
1.There is/are...的肯定句
句型：There is/are + 单数/复数名词 + 表示地点/场所的词或短语：
There's someone at the door to see you.门口有个人要见你。
Where there is a will，there is a way.有志者事竟成。
There's a cool breeze this evening.今晚有凉爽的微风。
There are many flowers in the garden. 园子里有很多花。
引导词 真正的主语 地点状语
There be结构为倒装句，真正的主语是There is/are后的名词，如上述例句。详见第25章倒装25.1完全倒装。有的辞典将There be结构中的There列为代词，作be的主语(参见《郎文当代高级英语辞典》)。
2.There is/are的否定句
句型：There is/are + not...
There is/are的否定句是在is/are后面加not：
There isn't going to be a party tonight.今晚没有聚会。
There aren't any cakes left.没有一点蛋糕剩下来。
3.There is/are的疑问句
一般疑问句句型：Is/Are there...?
There is/are的一般疑问句是将is/are调到there前面，大写is/are的第一个字母：
Is there anything you want to tell me? 你有什么事情想告诉我吗?
Are there enough tools to go round? 工具够大家用吗?
特殊疑问句句型：疑问副词 + 形容词 + 名词 + is/are + there...? There is/are～的特殊疑问句是以“疑问副词 + 形容词 + 名词等”开头，之后是“is/are + there? ”：
How much are there? 有多少?
How many rooms are there in each flat? 每套房子里有多少个房间?
How many students are there in your class? 你班上有多少名学生?
【注意】 There be结构中的谓语有时不用动词be，而用seem，appear等：
There appeared to be no one who could answer our inquiries.似乎没有人能回答我们的询问。
There appears to have been a nasty accident.似乎发生了一起严重事故。
There seems(to be)no doubt about it.此事似乎无可置疑。
There don't seem to be any missing.好像没有什么丢失了。
2.1.8 Here的句型
句型：Here is/are + 名词.
用于把某物给某人。主语为名词时，动词放在名词之前;主语为代词时，动词放在代词之后：
Here are two boys.这里有两个男孩。(名词之前)
Here is the book you want.你要的书在这里。
Here is the pound I owe you.这是我欠你的英镑。
Here they/we are! 他们/我们终于到了!(代词之后)
但是：
Here you are(it is).(=Here is what you asked for.)你所要的东西在这里。/你找的东西在这里。
此句型还可用于引起对某物或某人注意：
Here comes the manager.经理来了。
Here he comes.他来了。