英语语言结构的对称现象（安庆怀宁）
英语语言结构的对称现象（安庆怀宁）3月20日 英语语言在表达某些特定意义的时候，常呈现出结构的对称现象。这种结构使读者感受到英语语言的对称美，从而增强语言的感染力，达到一种强化内容意义的修辞效果。熟悉这种结构能帮助学习者提高对英语语言的欣赏能力与运用能力。下面的这些结构都表现出这种对称现象。
一、表达爱好、选择、判断方面的对称结构
1.prefer…to…与perfer…rather than…结构
1)Do you prefer(the new one) to (the old one?)(代词对称)
2)At this time of day,Iprefer (tea) to (coffee) .(名词对称)
3)I prefer (walking) to (cycling).(动名词对称)
4)I perfer (to work) rather than (remain idle).(不定式对称)
2.would rather/had rather…than…结构
5)She would rather have (the small one) than the (large one).(代词对称)
6)I would rather read (a novel) than (a poem).(名词对称)
7)I would rather (play) tennis than (swim).(动词对称)
8)Jim would rather go to class (tomorrow) than (today).(副词对称)
3.rather than结构
9)Evans is (a historian) rather than (a writer).(名词对称)
10)It ought to be (you) rather than (me) than signs the lettr.(代词对称)
11)These shoes are (comfortable) rather than (pretty).(形容词对称)
12)He was engaged in (writing a letter) rather than (reading the newspaper).(动名词短语对称)
13)We are doing this (for our brother villages) rather than (for ourselves).(介词结构结称)
14)He (ran) rather than (walked).(动词对称)
15)It was (what he meant) rather than (what he meant) rather than (what he said).()
16)I decided to (write) rather than (telephone).(不定式对称)
17)It is important (to increase) wages.(不定式对称)
4.instead of结构
18)Shall we (fish) instead of (meat) today?(名词对称)
19)Things would be (better) instead of (worse).(形容词对称)
20)We'll have tea (in the garden) instead of (in the house).(介词结构对称)
如果instead of后面接表示动作意味的词，一般要用动名词。如：
I stayed in bed all day instead of going to work.
She went shopping instead of having lunch.
但为了对称可以用其它有关相应的动词形式。如:
He proposes to do some work instead of to watch
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