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2023考研英语高仿真阅读
在平凡的学习生活中，是不是听到知识点，就立刻清醒了？知识点就是一些常考的内容，或者考试经常出题的地方。那么，都有哪些知识点呢？下面是小编为大家整理的2023考研英语高仿真阅读，仅供参考，希望能够帮助到大家。
TEXT ONE
Tesco is preparing a legal battle to clear its name of involvement in the dairy price-fixing scandal that has cost consumers ￡270 million. Failure to prove that it had no part in collusion with other supermarkets and dairy processors may land it with a fine of at least ￡80 million. The Office of Fair Trading (OFT) said yesterday that Asda, Sainsbury’s and the former Safeway, plus the dairy companies Wiseman, Dairy Crest and Cheese Company, had admitted being in a cartel to fix prices for milk, butter and cheese. They were fined a total of just over ￡116 million as part of a leniency deal offered by the watchdog to companies that owned up quickly to anti-competitive behaviour.
Officials at the OFT admitted privately that they did not think they would ever discover which company or individual had initiated the pricing formula. But the watchdog recognises that at the time supermarkets were under pressure from politicians and farmers to raise the cost of milk to save dairy farming, though it is not certain that money found its way to farmers. The OFT claimed in September that it had found evidence that the retail chains had passed future milk prices to dairy companies, which then reached a fixed price among themselves.
The average cost to each household is thought to be ￡11.25 over 2002 and 2003. Prices went up an extra 3p on a pint of milk, 15p on a quarter of a pound of butter and 15p on a half pound of cheese. There is no direct recompense for consumers, however, and the money will go to the Treasury. The National Consumer Council gave warning that the admissions would dent consumer confidence in leading high street names and that people would become sceptical of their claims. Farmers For Action, the group of farmers that has led protests over low milk prices since 2000, is seeking legal advice on whether it can now bring a claim for compensation.
The OFT investigation is continuing, however, in relation to Tesco, Morrisons and the dairy group Lactalis McLelland, and any legal action is expected to be delayed until that is completed.
Tesco was defiant and said that it was preparing a robust defence of its actions. Lucy Neville-Rolfe, its executive director, said: “As we have always said, we acted independently and we did not collude with anyone. Our position is different from our competitors and we are defending our own case vigorously. Our philosophy is to give a good deal to customers.”
Morrisons has supported the OFT in inquiries into the former Safeway business that it took over, but in a statement said that it was still making “strong representations” in its defence. A spokeswoman for Lactalis McLelland said that the company was “co-operating” with the OFT. Industry insiders suggested that the three companies were deliberately stalling the OFT investigation.
Sainsbury’s admitted yesterday that it had agreed to pay ￡26 million in fines, but denied that it had sought to profiteer. Justin King, the chief executive, said he was disappointed that the company had been penalised for actions meant to help farmers but recognised the benefit of a speedy settlement. Asda declined to say how much it would pay in fines and also said that its intention had been to help farmers under severe financial pressure.
1. From the first paragraph, we may infer that _____
[A] Tesco is the most resolute among all the retailers to defend its reputation.
[B] it is already proved that Tesco has colluded with Asda, Wiseman, Dairy Crest and Cheese Company in fixing the dairy price.
[C] Tesco is offered a leniency deal of ￡80 million because of its quick response to the anti-competitive behaviors
[D] Tesco is trying its best to prove its innocence of the scandal.
2. Who is most probably the initiator of the pricing formula?
[A] Retail chains.
[B] Farmers.
[C] Dairy companies.
[D] Politicians
3. The word “defiant” (Line 1, Paragraph 5) most probably means _____.
[A] resisiting
[B] angry
[C] deficient
[D] confident
4. We may infer from Morrisons’ statement that _____
[A] Morrisons turn out to be the most defentive when dealing with OFT.
[B] Morrisons is reluctant to support the inquiries into the former Safeway business.
[C] industry insiders suggest that Morrisons was trying to delay the OFT investigation with non-cooperation.
[D] Morrisons indeed refuses to admit its involvement in the scandal.
5. The writer’s attitude to Tesco can be said to be _____
[A] biased.
[B] objective.
[C] sympathetic.
[D] optimistic.
考研英语重点单词
1. Patr(I)=father，表示父亲
patriarch n 家长;大主教(patri+arch 统治)
patriarchy n 父权政治(patri+archy)
patron n 帮助人;恩人(像父亲一样的人)
patronize v 赞助;光顾(patron+ize)
patrimony n 家传，遗产(patri+mony 状态或物质父亲留下的物品遗产)
patriot n 爱国者(祖国比喻成父亲)
patriotism n 爱国主义(patriot 爱国者+ism)
expatriate v 把逐出国外(ex 出+patri 父亲;祖国+ate(逐)出祖国)
repatriate v 把遣返回国(re 重新+patri 祖国+ate重进祖国)
2. Ped=foot，表示脚
pedal a 脚的，足的(ped+al)
pedestrian a 步行的n. 步行者(ped+estrian的人用脚走路的人)
biped a 两足的n. 两足动物(bi 二+ped两只脚)
quadruped n/a 四足动物(的)(quadru 四+ped)
centipede n 蜈蚣(centi 一百+pede一百只脚的动物蜈蚣)
expedite v 加快，促进(ex 出+ped+ite把脚跨出去加快)
expeditious a 迅速的( expedite+ious)
expedition n 远征，探险(ex 出+ped+ition走出[去]冒险)
impede v 妨碍，阻碍(im 进入+pede把脚放进去妨碍)
impediment n 阻碍，阻碍物(impede 妨碍+I+ment)
expedient a 方便的;权宜的(ex 出+ped+ient能把脚跨出去方便的)
podiatrist n 足病医生(pod[=ped 脚]+iatrist 专家)
3.ped=child，education,表示儿童，引申为教育
pedology n 儿科学(ped+o+log 学科+y)
pediatrist n 儿科医生(ped 儿童+iatrist 专家)
pedant n 迂腐的教师，书呆子(ped+ant 人受过教育的人书呆子)
pedantry n 迂腐的，卖弄学问(pedant+ry)
pedagogy n 教学法，教育学(ped+agogy 引导引导儿童教学法)
4. Pel，puls= drive，push, 表示驱动，推
appellant a 上诉的n. 上诉人(ap 一再+pel+l+ant一再推动的上诉的)
compel v 强迫(com 共同+pel 推一起推强迫)
compeling a 激发兴趣的(compel+l+ing)
expel v 开除，驱逐(ex 出+pel推出开除)
impel v 推进，驱动(im 内+pel内在推动驱动)
dispel v 驱散(烟雾等)(dis 分开+pel推开驱散)
propel v 推进(pro 向前+pel向前推推进)
propeller n 推进器(propel 推进+l+er)
repel v 击退(敌人)，使反感(re 反+pel推回去击退)
compulsion n 强制(com 共同+puls+ion共同推强制)
compulsory a 强制性的(com+puls+ory)
expulsion n 驱逐(ex 出+puls+ion推出去驱逐)
pulse n 脉搏
pulsate v (脉)搏动(puls 脉搏+ate)
impulse n 冲动，刺激(im 内+pulse内在推动冲动)
impulsive a 冲动的(impulse+ive)
propulsion n 推进(力)(pro 向前+puls+ion推进;动词;propel)
repulse n 打退，击退(re 反+pulse;动词：repel)
repulsive a 排斥的，击退的(repulse+ive)
5. Pen，pun=penalty，表示处惩
penance n 赎罪，自我惩惩(pen+ance)
penal a 刑的，刑惩的(ren+al)
penalty n 惩惩(penal+ty)
penalize v 宣告有罪，处惩(penal+ize)
penitent a 后悔的(penit[=pen 惩惩]，引申为受惩惩而后悔后悔的)
repent v 后悔，懊悔(re 反+pent反进来惩惩自己后悔)
punish v 惩惩(pun+ish)
impunity n 不受刑惩，免惩(im 不+pun+ity不受惩惩)
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