暑期考研英语阅读 未来派诗歌

暑期考研英语阅读 未来派诗歌

When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal. With regard to Futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever Futurist poetry may be―even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right―it can hardly be classed as Literature.

　　This, in brief, is what the Futurist says: for a century, past conditions of life have been conditionally speeding up, till now we live in a world of noise and violence and speed. Consequently, our feelings, thoughts and emotions have undergone a corresponding change. This speeding up of life, says the Futurist, requires a new form of expression. We must speed up our literature too, if we want to interpret modern stress. We must pour out a large stream of essential words, unhampered by stops, or qualifying adjectives, or finite verbs. Instead of describing sounds we must make up words that imitate them; we must use many sizes of type and different colored inks on the same page, and shorten or lengthen words at will.

　　Certainly their deions of battles are confused. But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river—and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers: “ Pluff! Pluff! A hundred and eighty-five kilograms.”

　　This, though it fulfills the laws and requirements of Futurist poetry, can hardly be classed as Literature. All the same, no thinking man can refuse to accept their first proposition: that a great change in our emotional life calls for a change of expression. The whole question is really this: have we essentially changed?

　　全文翻译

　　当一场新的艺术运动获得某种流行时，最好找出其倡导者的目标是什么，因为无论他们的原则在今天看来是多么牵强和不合理，将来都有可能被认为是正常的。至于未来派诗歌，情况却有点难，因为即使承认未来派诗歌理论根据可能正确，无论它是怎样的，也很难称之为文学。

　　长话短说，以下就是未来主义者说的话：一个世纪以来，先前的生活一直在有条件地加快变化；如今，我们生活的世界喧嚣、暴力、节奏很快。因此，我们的感觉、思想和情感都经历了相应的变化。未来主义者声称，这种加速的生活需要一种新的表达方式。如果我们想解释现代社会的压力，就必须加快文学的速度。我们必须大量使用基本词汇，不受句号，修饰性形容词及限定动词的限制。我们必须造出模仿声音的词语而不是描绘声音；我们必须在同一张纸上使用多种字体和不同颜色的墨水，任意缩短或加长词语。

　　当然他们对战斗的描述也是混乱的。让人心烦的一件事就是：在读到一句描写战斗的诗行的注解时，该注解中说该诗描写了一名土耳其军官和一名保加利亚军官在一座桥上发生了搏斗，结果双双从桥上掉进河中——结果，诗把他们两人落水的声音和体重写在了一起：“扑通！扑通！100公斤和85公斤。”

　　尽管这符合未来派诗歌的规则和要求，却几乎不能被归入文学之列。同样的，没有一个善于思考的人会拒绝接受他们的首要主张，即情感生活的巨大变化要求表达方式也随之变化。实际问题是：我们发生了根本的变化吗？

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