考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析
从小学、初中、高中到大学乃至工作，我们最少不了的就是试题了，试题是学校或各主办方考核某种知识才能的标准。那么一般好的试题都具备什么特点呢？下面是小编精心整理的考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析，仅供参考，希望能够帮助到大家。
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析 1
Stratford-on-Avon, as we all know, has only one industry－William Shakespeare－but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches. There is the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC)， which presents superb productions of the plays at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre on the Avon. And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come, not to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaway’s Cottage, Shakespeare’s birthplace and the other sights。
The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theatre adds a penny to their revenue. They frankly dislike the RSC’s actors, them with their long hair and beards and sandals and noisiness. It’s all deliciously ironic when you consider that Shakespeare, who earns their living, was himself an actor (with a beard) and did his share of noise -making。
The tourist streams are not entirely separate. The sightseers who come by bus—and often take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palace on the side—don’t usually see the plays, and some of them are even surprised to find a theatre in Stratford. However, the playgoers do manage a little sight-seeing along with their playgoing. It is the playgoers, the RSC contends, who bring in much of the town’s revenue because they spend the night (some of them four or five nights) pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants. The sightseers can take in everything and get out of town by nightfall。
The townsfolk don’t see it this way and local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company. Stratford cries poor traditionally. Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge. Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and so forth, and will be very expensive。
Anyway, the townsfolk can’t understand why the Royal Shakespeare Company needs a subsidy. (The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last year its 1,431 seats were 94 per cent occupied all year long and this year they’ll do better。) The reason, of course, is that costs have rocketed and ticket prices have stayed low。
It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the young people who are Stratford’s most attractive clientele. They come entirely for the plays, not the sights. They all seem to look alike (though they come from all over) — lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10:30 a.m。
26. From the first two paragraphs , we learn that
[A] the townsfolk deny the RSC ’ s contribution to the town’s revenue。
[B] the actors of the RSC imitate Shakespeare on and off stage。.
[C] the two branches of the RSC are not on good terms。
[D] the townsfolk earn little from tourism。
27. It can be inferred from Para 3 that
[A] the sightseers cannot visit the Castle and the Palace separately。
[B] the playgoers spend more money than the sightseers。
[C] the sightseers do more shopping than the playgoers。
[D] the playgoers go to no other places in town than the theater。
28. By saying “Stratford cries poor traditionally” (Line 2, Paragraph 4)， the author implies that
[A] Stratford cannot afford the expansion projects。
[B] Stratford has long been in financial difficulties。
[C] the town is not really short of money。
[D] the townsfolk used to be poorly paid。
29. According to the townsfolk, the RSC deserves no subsidy because
[A] ticket prices can be raised to cover the spending。
[B] the company is financially ill-managed。
[C] the behavior of the actors is not socially acceptable。
[D] the theatre attendance is on the rise。
30. From the text we can conclude that the author
[A] is supportive of both sides。
[B] favors the townsfolk’s view。
[C] takes a detached attitude。
[D] is sympathetic to the RSC。
名师解析
26. From the first two paragraphs, we learn that 从前两段，我们可以得知
[A] the townsfolk deny the RSC ’s contribution to the town’s revenue。
镇上的人否认皇家莎士比亚剧院公司对小镇的收入有什么贡献。
[B] the actors of the RSC imitate Shakespeare on and off stage。
皇家莎士比亚剧院公司的演员台上台下都模仿莎士比亚。
[C] the two branches of the RSC are not on good terms。
皇家莎士比亚剧院公司的两个分支相处不融洽。
[D] the townsfolk earn little from tourism。
镇上的人从旅游业中没有挣到什么钱。
【答案】 A
【考点】 事实细节题。
【分析】 本题的关键词“前两段”明确告诉我们答案的得出必须要通读完这两段。“众所周知，埃文河上的斯特拉特福德镇只有一个产业——威廉·莎士比亚，但是却有两个完全分离并且越来越敌对的分歧双方。一方是皇家莎士比亚剧院公司，它在埃文河的莎士比亚剧院上演精彩的戏剧作品。另一方则是当地的居民，他们很大程度上依赖那些不是来看戏而是来参观莎士比亚出生地以及其它景点的游客而生活。斯特拉特福德镇知名的居民怀疑剧院没有对他们收入的增加做出过哪怕是一分钱的贡献。他们公开表示讨厌莎士比亚剧院公司的演员，他们的长头发、胡须、拖鞋以及吵闹声。极具讽刺意味的是，他们赖以谋生的莎士比亚当年就是个留着胡须的演员，而且吵吵闹闹也有他的一份。”[A]“镇上的人否认皇家莎士比亚剧院公司对小镇有什么贡献”意思是合适的，从第二段第一句话可以得出这样的结论。选项[B]“皇家莎士比亚剧院公司的演员台上台下都模仿莎士比亚”是不正确的，因为文中仅仅说斯特拉特福德镇居民讨厌他们的这些打扮，但是没有说这些演员是在模仿莎士比亚，更不用说什么台上台下了。选项[C]的问题出在它把“two branches”的意思弄错了，这两个分歧方指的是莎士比亚行业的两个组成部分，一个是剧院，一个是居民。选项[D]说“镇上的人没有挣到钱，”显然和原文不符，因为“他们的`生计靠的就是那些来参观莎士比亚故居的人”，其中“live off”可意为“靠……生活”。
27. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that 从第三段中可以推断出
[A] the sightseers cannot visit the Castle and the Palace separately。
观光客不能分别参观城堡或者宫殿。
[B] the playgoers spend more money than the sightseers。
来看戏的人花的钱比观光者花费多。
[C] the sightseers do more shopping than the playgoers。
观光者的购物比来看戏的人多。
[D] the playgoers go to no other places in town than the theater。
来看戏的人除了剧院哪里也不去。
【答案】 B
【考点】 推断题。
【分析】 本段关键词“第三段”。[B]试图比较谁花的钱多，可以定位到第三段第二和第三句，文中提及观光客通常不看戏。而来看戏的人通常的确会进行一些观光。而且后一句说“剧院认为，他们为镇上带来了最多的税收，因为来看戏的人会花很多的钱在酒店和饭店。”这样一来不难判断，[B]是正确的。[A]中提到城堡、宫殿，可以定位到第三段第二句，“乘车来的观光客经常会顺道去参观沃维城堡和布伦亨宫。他们通常不看戏，有人甚至会惊讶地发现在斯特拉特福德镇居然有剧院”。“on the side”的意思就是“另外，兼职”，说明这些人是顺道来看看这些城堡、宫殿什么的，不是特意来看戏的。这推断不出“观光客不能单独参观城堡或者宫殿”这一层意思。至于[C]，第三段并没有提到观光客的购物多少问题，也就无从谈起谁的购物多。至于[D]，显然是不正确的，并不是什么地方都不去，因为第三句已经提到，来看戏的人通常的确会进行一些观光。
28. By saying“Stratford cries poor traditionally”(Line 2, Paragraph 4)， the author implies that
作者提到“Stratford cries poor traditionally”(第四段第二行)的含义是
[A] Stratford cannot afford the expansion projects。
斯特拉特福德镇支付不了扩张项目的费用。
[B] Stratford has long been in financial difficulties。
斯特拉特福德镇一直财政困难。
[C] the town is not really short of money。
斯特拉特福德镇并不是真的缺钱。
[D] the townsfolk used to
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析 2
When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal. With regard to Futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever Futurist poetry may be―even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right―it can hardly be classed as Literature，This, in brief, is what the Futurist says: for a century, past conditions of life have been conditionally speeding up, till now we live in a world of noise and violence and speed. Consequently, our feelings, thoughts and emotions have undergone a corresponding change. This speeding up of life, says the Futurist, requires a new form of expression. We must speed up our literature too, if we want to interpret modern stress. We must pour out a large stream of essential words, unhampered by stops, or qualifying adjectives, or finite verbs. Instead of describing sounds we must make up words that imitate them; we must use many sizes of type and different colored inks on the same page, and shorten or lengthen words at will。
Certainly their deions of battles are confused. But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river—and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers: “ Pluff! Pluff! A hundred and eighty-five kilograms。”
This, though it fulfills the laws and requirements of Futurist poetry, can hardly be classed as Literature. All the same, no thinking man can refuse to accept their first proposition: that a great change in our emotional life calls for a change of expression. The whole question is really this: have we essentially changed?
1、This passage is mainly____。
[A]a survey of new approaches to art
[B]a review of Futurist poetry
[C]about merits of the Futurist movement
[D]about laws and requirements of literature
2、When a novel literary idea appears, people should try to_____。
[A]determine its purposes
[B]ignore its flaws
[C]follow the new fashions
[D]accept the principles
3、Futurists claim that we must____。
[A]increase the production of literature
[B]use poetry to relieve modern stress
[C]develop new modes of expression
[D]avoid using adjectives and verbs
4、The author believes that Futurist poetry is____。
[A]based on reasonable principles
[B]new and acceptable to ordinary people
[C]indicative of basic change in human nature
[D]more of a transient phenomenon than literature
名师解析
1、This passage is mainly____. 本文中心思想是____。
[A]a survey of new approaches to art 对新的艺术理论的调查
[B]a review of Futurist poetry 对未来派诗歌的评论
[C]about merits of the Futurist movement 有关未来派运动的优点
[D]about laws and requirements of literature 有关文学的规则和要求
【答案】 B
【考点】 文章主旨题。
【分析】 本文第一段提到“至于未来派诗歌，情况却有点难，因为即使承认未来派诗歌理论根据可能正确，无论它是怎样的，也很难称之为文学”。第二段提到“未来主义者声称，这种加速的生活需要一种新的表达方式，考研英语《考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(三)》。如果我们想解释现代社会的压力，就必须加快文学的速度”。第三段例举了一个未来文学的例子，指出其难以接受。最后一段仍然是对未来文学的批评。因此我们看出本文是一篇文学评论，而且是对未来文学的评论。只有选择[B]。
2、When a novel literary idea appears, people should try to_____。
当出现一个新的文学理念时，人们应该努力_____。
[A]determine its purposes 确定它的目标
[B]ignore its flaws 忽视它的缺陷
[C]follow the new fashions 跟随这个新的潮流
[D]accept the principles 接受原则
【答案】 A
【考点】 事实细节题。
【分析】 本题可以定位到第一段第一句“每当一个新艺术思潮达到一定流行程度时，(在评价它之前)最好先找出其倡导者的目的”。
3、Futurists claim that we must____。
未来主义者声称我们必须____。
[A]increase the production of literature 加大文学的产出
[B]use poetry to relieve modern stress 用诗歌来减轻现代的压力
[C]develop new modes of expression 开发出新的表达方式
[D]avoid using adjectives and verbs 避免使用形容词和动词
【答案】 C
【考点】 事实细节题。
【分析】 根据题干，我们无法定位到任何一段，只能通过具体的选项来做具体的判断。
[A]选项错误，文中并没有提到要加大文学的产出，虽然文中提到“如果我们想解释现代社会的压力，就必须加快文学的速度。”但是这句话的'意思不是要加大文学的产出，而是加快文学的节奏。
[B]选项错误，因为文中在提到压力的时候，只是说“解释”(interpret)压力，而没有说用诗歌来减轻现代的压力。
[D]选项错误，文中提到形容词和动词的地方是第二段“我们必须大量使用基本词汇，不受句号，修饰性形容词及限定动词的限制”这一句。但是并没有说避免使用形容词和动词。
[C]选项“开发出新的表达方式”这个说法合适，因为文中第二段提到“未来主义者声称，这种加速的生活需要一种新的表达方式”。
4、The author believes that Futurist poetry is_____. 作者相信未来派诗歌是_____。
[A]based on reasonable principles 根据合理的原则
[B]new and acceptable to ordinary people 对普通人而言是新的可接受的
[C]indicative of basic change in human nature 显示出人性中基本的变化
[D]more of a transient phenomenon than literature
与其说是文学不如说是一种暂时的现象
【答案】 D
【考点】 中心主旨题。
【分析】 在本文最后一段，作者说“没有一个善于思考的人会拒绝接受他们的首要主张，即情感生活的巨大变化要求表达方式也随之变化。实际问题是：我们发生了根本的变化吗?”这个问题实际上就已经否定了未来主义者的首要主张，即他们对历史和现实的认识是不正确的，所以其理论根据是站不住脚的。所以说未来派诗歌并没有稳定的理论基础，只是一个暂时的现象。
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析 3
DIY Your Own Desserts
We offer different kinds of classes to you all. A very popular class we are offering these 10 days is the class named “DIY Your Own Desserts”.
Can you imagine how happy your beloved one will be when you give him/her your DIY desserts on the special days like birthday. Mother’s Day and Father’s Day? Come to our class and make your own desserts. Give your beloved one some surprises! The class runs daily and it is a completely hands-on personal cooking experience lasting up to 4 hours learning 3-4 recipes (食谱) each lesson. The teacher will first show how to cook different recipes in front of you. And then he will guide you on how to prepare and make the food. At the end of the class you can either eat the meal prepared during the class or take it home with you. What’s more, you’ll be able to take home the copies of all the recipes.
Costs:$30 each lesson. You can start at any time.
Go to our website to get more information about the class.
You can either e-mail us or come to our office for attending it.
52. You can join the class if you like to .
A. offer some recipes B. teach how to cook
C. make desserts yourself D. get some surprises
53. You will in the class.
A. eat the meal with teacher B. celebrate the special days
C. learn 2-3 recipes each lesson D. have a hands-on experience
54. You will pay for five lessons.
A.$30 B. $60 C. $120 D. $150
55. How can you attend the class?
A. Make a phone call to them. B. Send them an e-mail.
C. Get information from parents. D. Come to the class directly.
【参考答案】：52-55 CDDB
【语篇解读】：本文是一篇广告。主要是介绍DIY Your Own Desserts课程的主要内容以及课程的`费用和报名的方式。
【逐题解析】：
52. C 【解析】细节理解题。由第二段中 “Come to our class and make your own
desserts.” 可知，如果你想亲自做些甜品，可以加入这个课程。本题难度较小。
53. D 【解析】 细节理解题。由第三段中 “The class runs daily and it is a completely hands-on personal cooking experience lasting up to 4 hours learning 3-4 recipes each lesson.” 可知，在这个课堂上，你可以有亲身实践的烹饪经历。本题难度适中。
54. D 【解析】细节推断题。由文中 “$30 each lesson” 可知，五节课需要$150。本题难度较小。
55. B 【解析】细节理解题。由文中 “You can either e-mail us or come to our office for attending it” 可知，可以通过发送邮件或直接去办公室报名参加。本题难度较小。
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析 4
When prehistoric man arrived in new parts of the world, something strange happened to the large animals: they suddenly became extinct. Smaller species survived. The large, slow-growing animals were easy game, and were quickly hunted to extinction. Now something similar could be happening in the oceans.
That the seas are being overfished has been known for years. What researchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris Worm have shown is just how fast things are changing. They have looked at half a century of data from fisheries around the world. Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass (the amount of living biological matter) of fish species in particular parts of the ocean, but rather changes in that biomass over time. According to their latest paper published in Nature, the biomass of large predators (animals that kill and eat other animals) in a new fishery is reduced on average by 80% within 15 years of the start of exploitation. In some long-fished areas, it has halved again since then。
Dr. Worm acknowledges that these figures are conservative. One reason for this is that fishing technology has improved. Today’s vessels can find their prey using satellites and sonar, which were not available 50 years ago. That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes. In the early days, too, longlines would have been more saturated with fish. Some individuals would therefore not have been caught, since no baited hooks would have been available to trap them, leading to an underestimate of fish stocks in the past. Furthermore, in the early days of longline fishing, a lot of fish were lost to sharks after they had been hooked. That is no longer a problem, because there are fewer sharks around now。
Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline, which future management efforts must take into account. They believe the data support an idea current among marine biologists, that of the “shifting baseline”. The notion is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past. That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target species is about 50% of its original levels. Most fisheries are well below that, which is a bad way to do business。
31. The extinction of large prehistoric animals is noted to suggest that
[A] large animals were vulnerable to the changing environment。
[B] small species survived as large animals disappeared。
[C] large sea animals may face the same threat today。
[D] slow-growing fish outlive fast-growing ones。
32. We can infer from Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm’s paper that
[A] the stock of large predators in some old fisheries has reduced by 90%。
[B] there are only half as many fisheries as there were 15 years ago。
[C] the catch sizes in new fisheries are only 20% of the original amount。
[D] the number of larger predators dropped faster in new fisheries than in the old。
33. By saying “these figures are conservative” (Line 1, Paragraph 3)， Dr. Worm means that
[A] fishing technology has improved rapidly。
[B] the catch-sizes are actually smaller then recorded。
[C] the marine biomass has suffered a greater loss。
[D] the data collected so far are out of date。.
34. Dr. Myers and other researchers hold that
[A] people should look for a baseline that can work for a longer time。
[B] fisheries should keep the yields below 50% of the biomass。
[C] the ocean biomass should be restored to its original level。
[D] people should adjust the fishing baseline to the changing situation。
35. The author seems to be mainly concerned with most fisheries’
[A] management efficiency。
[B] biomass level。
[C] catch-size limits。
[D] technological application。
名师解析
31. The extinction of large prehistoric animals is noted to suggest that
提及大型史前动物的灭绝是为了说明
[A] large animals were vulnerable to the changing environment。
大型动物容易受到环境变化的影响。
[B] small species survived as large animals disappeared。
当大型动物消失的时候小型物种存活了下来。
[C] large sea animals may face the same threat today。
大型海洋动物今天面临相同的威胁。
[D] slow-growing fish outlive fast-growing ones。
成长缓慢的鱼要比成长快速的鱼活得长。
【答案】 C
【考点】 推断题。
【分析】 通过题干关键词“大型史前动物的灭绝”可以定位到第一段。作者提到它们的灭绝是由于人类的捕杀，作者在第一段最后一句提到，“如今类似的事情可能会发生在海洋中”。因此可以得出结论，即，作者是为了引用大型史前动物的灭绝来引出海洋物种同样面临着由于人类过度捕捞而灭绝的这个话题，故正确答案是[C]。[A]、[B]、[D]选项都没有能够表达出作者的这个意图，而只是很浅层去分析表象。
32. We can infer from Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm’s paper that
从迈尔斯博士和沃尔姆博士的论文中我们可以推断出
[A] the stock of large predators in some old fisheries has reduced by 90%。
一些老渔场里大型捕食类鱼种的贮存量已经减少了90%。
[B] there are only half as many fisheries as there were 15 years ago。
现在渔场的数量只有15年前数量的一半。
[C] the catch sizes in new fisheries are only 20% of the original amount。
新的渔场中的捕捉数量是原来数量的20%。
[D] the number of larger predators dropped faster in new fisheries than in the old。
新的渔场里大型捕食类鱼种的数目下降比旧的渔场快。
【答案】 A
【考点】 推断题。
【分析】 根据题干关键词“Dr Myers and Dr. Worm’s paper”可以定位到第二段最后一句，“根据他们发表在《自然》杂志上的最新论文，一个新的渔场在被开发后的15年中大型捕食类鱼种的生物量平均减少了80%。在有些长期捕捞的地区，自那以后，这个数量又减少了一半。”本句的理解难点就是“In some long-fished areas, it has halved again since then。”这句话里面的“since”从什么时间开始计算，影响本题的解答。“since”指的是从15年结束后开始算呢，还是从15年的第一年开始算。如果是前者，则答案是[A]，因为新的平均下降80%，然后又下降了一半，这个意思就是一共下降了90%；如果是后者，则得出旧渔场大型捕食类鱼种的减少速度低于新渔场，而且只有50%。“since”接时间，后面必须是一个时间点。如果“since”后面接的不是一个时间点而是时间段，则从该时间段结束的.时候开始算。例句：“It has been 10 years since I lived in Beijing。”这句话的意思不是“我在北京十年了”，而是“我离开北京十年了”。因此本题的正确答案是[A]。“since”接的是15年结束后的那个点；而且这句话里面还有一个很关键的词“again”(再次)，也很明显说明这里指的是“在下降80%之后，又再次减少了一半”，即“余下的20%又减少了一半，只剩下10%”。
33. By saying“these figures are conservative”(Line 1, Paragraph 3)， Dr worm means that
沃尔姆博士说“these figures are conservative”(第三段第一行)，他的意思是
[A] fishing technology has improved rapidly. 捕鱼的技术已经得到快速提高。
[B] the catch-sizes are actually smaller than recorded. 捕鱼量比实际记录的少。
[C] the marine biomass has suffered a greater loss. 海洋生物量已经蒙受了更大的损失。
[D] the data collected so far are out of date. 目前收集的数据已经过时了。
【答案】 C
【考点】 推断题。
【分析】 根据关键词“conservative”的提示定位到第三段第一句。作者说“这个数据是保守的，因为捕鱼的技术已经提高了。卫星和声纳定位仪都用上了。这就意味着现在海里有更高比例的海洋生物被捕捞了。现在和过去的真正差异可能比通过捕捞记录的反映出来的差异更要糟糕。”接下来的一句话的意思是“以前一些抓不住的海洋生物现在都可以抓住了，以前被鲨鱼抢走的，现在由于鲨鱼都不见了，自然被捕捞的就更多了。”作者同时提到，“由于以前
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析 5
1. According to the first paragraph, the process of discovery is characterized by its
[A] uncertainty and complexity. [B] misconception and deceptiveness.
[C] logicality and objectivity. [D] systematicness and regularity.
解：通过关键词the first paragraph定位到第一段，通过题干中的discovery定位到第一段中But in the everyday practice of science, discovery frequently follows an ambiguous and complicated route.题干中is characterized by和process分别为该句中frequently和route的同义再现，更可确定该句为关键句。通过关键句中ambiguous and complicated可确定答案为A项，A项中的uncertainty为ambiguous的同义替换，complexity为complicated的同义替换。其中B项误解和欺骗、C项逻辑性和客观性、D项系统性和规律性均不在关键句中，故排除。
2. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that credibility process requires
[A] strict inspection. [B] shared efforts.
[C] individual wisdom. [D] persistent innovation.
解：根据题干关键词Paragraph 2定位到第二段，再通过credibility process定位到第二段中This is the credibility process.，通过第三人称单数this可知有关于credibility process的'信息在上一句话，故定位到But it takes collective scrutiny and acceptance to transform a discovery claim into a mature discovery.，该句中的takes即为题干中requires的同义替换，故该句为关键句，通过关键句中的collective(共同的)可确定答案为B项共同努力。若不知collective意为共同的，则可采用排除法。其中，C项个人智慧和D项持续创新不在所定位段落之中，故可排除。A项严格调查，关键句中未提及严格这层含义，应该为共同的调查才对，所以排除A项。
3. Paragraph 3 shows that a discovery claim becomes credible after it
[A] has attracted the attention of the general public.
[B] has been examined by the scientific community.
[C] has received recognition from editors and reviewers.
[D] has been frequently quoted by peer scientists.
解：通过关键词Paragraph 3定位第三段，再通过discovery claim becomes credible定位第三段中最后一句话As a discovery claim works its way through the community, the interaction and confrontation ... Transforms an individuals discovery claim into the communitys credible discovery.可知B项科学发现声明需要被科学集体检测正确。其中，A项中的public、C项editors and reviewers、D项peer scientists都是科学声明变的可信的过程，需要三者共同检测才会变的可信，故可用community概括，ACD均可排除。
4. Albert Szent-Gyorgyi would most likely agree that
[A] scientific claims will survive challenges. [B] discoveries today inspire future research.
[C] efforts to make discoveries are justified. [D] scientific work calls for a critical mind.
解：根据题文同序的原则，以及关键词Albert Szent-Gyorgyi可定位第四段中Albert Szent-Gyorgyi once described discovery asseeing what everybody has seen and thinking what nobody has thought.可知D项科学工作要求批判性思维正确。其中，A项challenges和B项future research均出现在所定位关键句的前一句话中，故可排除。C项定位段未提及，也可排除。
5. Which of the following would be the best title of the test?
[A] Novelty as an engine of Scientific Discovery. [B] Collective Scrutiny in Scientific Discovery.
[C] Evolution of Credibility in Doing Science. [D] Challenge to Credibility at the Gate to Science.
解：考研英语阅读文章为议论文，故全文应该围绕作者的论点展开论述，那5个题目必围绕文章论点进行，故可通过题干来锁定论点范围。前4个题目中科学发现和可信度字眼频繁出现，故论点与其有关，则可排除AB项。其中D项科学入门处对可信度的质疑只是第四段的大意，故排除，所以正确答案为C项科学研究中可信度的发展。
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析 6
Many things make people think artists are weird. But the weirdest may be this: artists only job is to explore emotions, and yet they choose to focus on the ones that feel bad。
This wasnt always so. The earliest forms of art, like painting and music, are those best suited for expressing joy. But somewhere from the 19th century, more artists began seeing happiness as meaningless, phony or, worst of all, boring, as we went from Wordsworths daffodils to Baudelaires flowers of evil。
You could argue that art became more skeptical of happiness because modern times have seen so much misery. But its not as if earlier times didnt know perpetual war, disaster and the massacre of innocents. The reason, in fact, may be just the opposite: there is too much damn happiness in the world today。
After all, what is the one modern form of expression almost completely dedicated to depicting happiness? Advertising. The rise of anti-happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of mass media, and with it, a commercial culture in which happiness is not just an ideal but an ideology。
People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery. They worked until exhausted, lived with few protections and died young. In the West, before mass communication and literacy, the most powerful mass medium was the church, which reminded worshippers that their souls were in danger and that they would someday be meat for worms. Given all this, they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too。
Today the messages the average Westerner is surrounded with are not religious but commercial, and forever happy. Fast-food eaters, news anchors, text messengers, all smiling, smiling, smiling. Our magazines feature beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes. And since these messages have an agenda－to lure us to open our wallets—they make the very idea of happiness seem unreliable. "Celebrate!" commanded the ads for the arthritis drug Celebrex, before we found out it could increase the risk of heart attacks。
But what we forget—what our economy depends on us forgetting—is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain. The things that bring the greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment. Today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness, we need art to tell us, as religion once did, Memento mori: remember that you will die, that everything ends, and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it. Its a message even more bitter than a clove cigarette, yet, somehow, a breath of fresh air。
36. By citing the examples of poets Wordsworth and Baudelaire, the author intends to show that
[A] poetry is not as expressive of joy as painting or music。
[B] art grows out of both positive and negative feelings。
[C] poets today are less skeptical of happiness。
[D] artists have changed their focus of interest。
37. The word “bummer” (Line 5. paragraph 5) most probably means something
[A] religious. [B] unpleasant. [C] entertaining. [D] commercial。
38. In the author’s opinion, advertising
[A] emerges in the wake of the anti-happy art。
[B] is a cause of disappointment for the general public。
[C] replaces the church as a major source of information。
[D] creates an illusion of happiness rather than happiness itself。
39. We can learn from the last paragraph that the author believes
[A].happiness more often than not ends in sadness。
[B] the anti-happy art is distasteful by refreshing。
[C] misery should be enjoyed rather than denied。
[D] the anti-happy art flourishes when economy booms。
40. Which of the following is true of the text?
[A] Religion once functioned as a reminder of misery。
[B] Art provides a balance between expectation and reality。
[C] People feel disappointed at the realities of modern society。
[D] Mass media are inclined to cover disasters and deaths。
名师解析
36. By citing the examples of poets Wordsworth and Baudelaire, the author intends to show that
作者引用诗人华兹华斯和波德莱尔的例子，其意图是为了表明
[A] poetry is not as expressive of joy as painting or music。
诗歌对于快乐的表达不如油画和音乐。
[B] art grows out of both positive and negative feelings。
艺术源于正面和负面情感。
[C] poets today are less skeptical of happiness。
今天的诗人对于快乐持较弱的怀疑态度。
[D] artists have changed their focus of interest。
艺术家已经改变了兴趣的焦点。
【答案】 D
【考点】 推断题。
【分析】 题干关键词“华兹华斯和波德莱尔”，定位到第二段最后一句，“as we went from Wordsworth’s daffodils to Baudelaire’s flowers of evil”通过第一段的阅读我们得知，艺术家开始关注那些令人不快的情感。而第二段说，“以前不是这样的，绘画，音乐都适合表达快乐，只是19世纪的某个时候，当我们从华兹华斯的水仙花转向波德莱尔的恶之花时，越来越多的艺术家开始把快乐看成是乏味的，虚假的`，甚至是令人厌倦的。”因此我们可以得出结论，即“艺术家已经改变了兴趣的焦点”。故正确答案是[D]。[A]不合适的原因是文中没有将诗歌、绘画和音乐对于快乐的表现力进行比较。[B]从字面上来看，似乎是有道理的，但是这不是作者引用二人的目的所在，因为作者强调的是一个重点的转移。选项[C]的说法和第三段第一句的意思相反。
37. The word“bummer”(Line 5. Paragraph 5) most probably means something
“bummer”(第五段第五行)一词的最有可能的含义是
[A] religious. 宗教的 [B] unpleasant. 令人不快的
[C] entertaining. 使人愉快的 [D] commercial. 商业的
【答案】 B
【考点】 词义题。
【分析】 本题考查考生能否根据上下文来推测某个单词意思的能力。根据提示定义到第五段最后一句。第五段说“早期时候的人，生活被苦难包围着。他们工作到筋疲力尽，生活没有保障，寿命很短。最强大的大众传媒教堂也时刻提醒信徒们，他们的灵魂处于危险之中，他们有一天会成为蛆虫的食物。有了这一切，他们的确无需艺术也变成一个‘bummer’”。至此，意思很明了，即他们不再需要增加一个“令他们不快乐的事物”，“bummer”指的就是“something unpleasant”。
38. In the author’s opinion, advertising 在作者看来，广告
[A] emerges in the wake of the anti-happy art. 随着反快乐艺术而出现。
[B] is a cause of disappointment for the general public. 是引起公众失望的原因。
[C] replaces the church as a major source of information. 代替了教堂成为主要的信息来源。
[D] creates an illusion of happiness rather than happiness itself. 创造快乐的幻觉而不是快乐本身
【答案】 D
【考点】 推断题。
【分析】 通过本题关键词“广告”(advertising)可以定位到第四段。作者提到“反快乐的艺术之兴起几乎可以追溯到大众传媒出现的时候，以及伴随大众传媒而出现的商业文化。对商业文化而言，快乐不仅仅是一种理想，更是一种意识形态”。因此[A]可以被排除，因为[A]的说法刚好与原文相反。“in the wake of”的意思就是“紧跟着，随着”。然后再定位到第六段，文章说，“西方人遭受商业信息的狂轰滥炸，而且这些信息总是很快乐。快餐食客，新闻主持人，短消息服务商，都在微笑、微笑、微笑。但是由于这些信息都有着一个自己的‘任务’(agenda)，即，诱惑我们打开钱包”，所以它使得快乐的概念看上去不可靠。后面作者又举了一个药品的例子，说这个药品的宣传很好，但是后来却发现它可能增加心脏病的发病率。综合以上所说，可以看出，广告创造的是快乐的幻觉而不是快乐本身，故正确答案为[D]。[B]没有根据。[C]的错误在于代替教堂的不是广告而是大众传媒。
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析 7
There is growing interest in East Japan Railway Co. ltd，one of the six companies，created out of the privatized nationa__l__ railway system. In an industry lacking exciting growth1，its plan to use real-estate assets in and around train stations__2__is drawing interest.
In a plan calledStation Renaissancethat it__3__in November，JR East said that it would__4__using its commercial spaces for shops and restaurants，extending them to__5__more suitable for the information age. It wants train stations as pick-up__6__for such goods as books，flowers and groceries__7__over the Internet. In a country where city__8__depend heavily on trains__9__commuting，about 16 million people a day go to its train stations anyway，the company __10__. So，picking up commodities at train stations__11__consumers extra travel and missed home deliveries. JR East already has been using its station__12__stores for this purpose，but it plans to create__13__spaces for the delivery of Internet goods.
The company also plans to introduce __14__cardsknown in Japan as IC cards because they use integrated circuit for__15__information__16__ train tickets and commuter passes__17__the magnetic ones used today，integrating them into a/an __18__pass. This will save the company money，because__19__for IC cards are much less expensive than magnetic systems. Increased use of IC cards should also__20__the space needed for ticket vending.
1.[A] perspectives [B] outlooks [C] prospects [D] spectacles
2.[A] creatively [B] originally [C] authentically [D] initially
3.[A] displayed [B] demonstrated [C] embarked [D] unveiled
4.[A] go beyond [B] set out [C] come around [D] spread over
5.[A] applications [B] enterprises [C] functions [D]performances
6.[A] districts [B] vicinities [C] resorts [D] locations
7.[A] acquired [B] purchased [C] presided [D] attained
8.[A] lodgers [B] tenants [C] dwellers [D] boarders
9.[A] for [B] in [C] of [D] as
10.[A] figures [B] exhibits [C] convinces [D] speculates
11.[A] deprives [B] retrieves [C] spares [D] exempts
12.[A] conjunction [B] convenience [C] department [D] ornament
13.[A] delegated [B] designated [C] devoted [D] dedicated
14.[A] clever [B] smart [C] ingenious [D] intelligent
15.[A] checking [B] gathering [C] holding [D] accommodating
16.[A] as [B] for [C] with [D] of
17.[A] but for [B] as well as [C] instead of [D] more than
18.[A] unique [B] single [C] unitary [D] only
19.[A] devices [B] instruments [C] readers [D] examiners
20.[A] reduce [B] narrow [C] dwarf [D] shrink
答案
1.C 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.C 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.A
11.C 12.B 13.D 14.B 15.C 16.A 17.C 18.B 19.C 20.A
总体分析
本文介绍了东日本铁路公司引人关注的新计划。文章第一段介绍说东日本铁路公司创造性地利用车站内部及周围房地产的计划正引起越来越多人的关注。第二段具体介绍了这一计划的内容及好处，即适应信息时代的要求，把车站作为网上购物的物品收取地，这样既为消费者提供了方便，又提高了递送物品的`安全性。第三段介绍了该公司引入智能卡代替目前使用的各种磁卡作车票的计划及其优点。
全文翻译
通过国家铁路系统的私有化创建起来的六大公司之一的东日本铁路有限公司，正吸引着越来越多人的目光。在一个发展前景不振的行业，它创造性地利用车站内部及周围的房地产的计划正引起人们的关注。
东日本铁路在11月份公布的车站复兴计划中说：它将不仅把它的商业空地用于开商店和餐馆，而且还要把这些商业空地用于更加适应信息时代的功能上去。它打算把车站作为网上所购物品如书籍、花卉和日用百货等的收取地。该公司估算，在一个都市人严重依赖列车作为上下班交通工具的国度里，每天大约有1600万人因各种原因来到它的车站。因此，在车站收取物品使消费者节省了路途而且也不像往家里递送那样容易丢失。东日本铁路已经开始把车站的便利店用于这一目的，但它打算为网上货物的递送创立专门的空间。
该公司还打算引入智能卡(在日本称为IC卡，因为它们利用集成电路储存信息)取代目前使用的磁卡作为车票和定期券，把各种不同的票券合为一体。这将为公司节省资金，因为IC卡的读卡机比磁系统要便宜的多。IC卡使用的增加还将会减少售票所占用的空间
【考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析】相关文章：
考研英语真题：阅读理解试题及名师解析09-20
考研英语真题阅读理解的试题及名师解析09-20
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析09-03
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(一)04-29
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(七)04-29
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(九)04-29
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(四)04-29
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(五)04-29