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Hurricane
教学目标
Teaching aims and demands
本单元的对话课的学习与操练，学生复习表示焦虑的日常用语和应答，学生能准确地运用到实际的对话过程中，了解飓风造成的巨大危害，学生能用自己组织的语言，介绍飓风在英国所造成的破坏，并能对灾情能有较为详尽的描述，学习过去分词作宾语补足语的用法并能掌握。
Teaching important and difficult points
1．单词
midnight n., hurricane n., anxious adj., expect vt., warn vt., warning n. likely adj., painful adj. path n., block vt., branch n., bath n., awake adj., cottage n. ,blanket n., altogether adv., surprisingly adv., weatherman n.
2. 词组
be anxious about, pushover, bring down, take the place of, clear away, or so, as well as, blow down =blow over, cut off, wake up
3. 交际用语与句型
We were getting very worried.
We are anxious about"-
What's the matter with you ?
Is there anything the matter ?
There is no need to be worried.
4．语法
掌握过去分词作宾语补足语的用法。
教学建议
课文建议
对话建议
1.建议教师运用对话中的几个句型编写一个小对话；2.教师在听说过程中可借助多媒体形式给学生展示，培养学生视觉和听觉的能力；3.教师可让学生把课文改成复述的形式；4.教师利用完形填空形式来检验学生对对话中的词语理解。
课文分析
本课用两篇文章介绍了在1987年英国发生的飓风给人们的生活带来了巨大的损失和灾难，在第一篇课文中描述了19人丧生，1500万树木和森林被刮倒，电线和电话线被刮断。第二篇课文介绍了许多公司中损失了大量的树木，其中著名的公园国立植物园损失了一千多棵树木，其中有些贵重树种等。
课文重点、难点
辨析 hurt, ache, pain与painful
1）hurt:（使）疼痛。
My stomach hurts because I have eaten too many apples. 我的肚子痛，因为我吃了太多的苹果。
2）ache隐隐作痛；持续作痛。
The strong light made my eyes ache. 强烈的光线使我的眼睛感到疼痛。
ache还可用作名词表示“疼痛”， ache还可以构成合成名词：
headache 头痛 backache 腰痛 stomachache 肚子痛
earache耳朵痛 toothache 牙痛 heartache 心痛
3）pain用作名词，痛苦，痛
She had a pain in her back all the time. 她的背部一直都痛。
4）painful用作形容词, 痛的；使痛苦的，会痛的
Is your tooth still painful? 你的牙齿还痛吗？
辨析expect, hope与wish
1). expect的用法
expect vt. 表示“预料，期待，盼望，指望，料想，以为”等意思，在expect之后，通常除了接不定式，带不定式的复合宾语外，还可以接名词、代词以及宾语从句。
I hardly expected to find you still here. 我几乎没料想到仍会在这儿找到你。
Do you expect me to stay after that?在那之后你希望我呆下去吗？
I didn’t expect that you would finish the work so soon. 我没料想到你会这样快地完成这项工作。
2）hope希望，用于可能实现的场合，一般只接不定式或从句作宾语。
I hope to see you soon. 我希望尽快见到你。
3）wish愿，希望，多用于虚拟语气，常接双宾语或宾语从句。
I wish you success.或I hope that you will succeed.
辨析rob和steal
rob是“抢”的意思，应说rob sb. of sth.
They robbed us of all our money.他们抢走了我们所有的钱。
steal是“偷”的意思，应说steal sth. from sb.
They stole all our money from us. 他们偷走了我们所有钱。
词汇学习
1. strike的用法
1）表示“打，击，敲（某人或某物）”。
The stone struck me on the side of the head. 石子打中我头部的侧面。
2）表示“通过摩擦产生（亮光，火花等）”。
He struck a match and lighted a candle.他划了根火柴，点亮了蜡烛。
表示“打动，影响，引起”的意思。
His words struck fear in the listeners.他的话在听众中引起惊恐。
3）表示“罢工”的意思。
They struck for better working conditions.他们为争取改善工作条件而罢工。
4）表示“迷住，吸住”的意思。
I was struck by the beauty of the West Lake.我被西湖的美景给迷住了。
2.escape的用法
1）用作动词，表示“（从监禁、管制中）逃脱，逃走”
A lion escaped from its cage.一头狮子从笼中逃走了。
2）escape表示“（液体、气体）汇漏，渗出”
Make a hole to let the water escape.弄个洞让水排出去。
3）表示“避免，躲避（愉快的事）免除”的意思
Where can we go to escape the crowds?我们到哪里才可以躲开这些人群。
4）其名词形式仍为escape
Do you smell an escape of gas from the pipe?你闻到从管子里漏出的煤气味了吗？
3．be / get anxious about的用法
意为“为……担忧虑或担心”。
They are anxious about your health. 他们在为你的健康担心。
而be anxious to do something意为“渴望或急切地去干某事”。
They are anxious to fly back.他们急切地想飞回来。
4．bring down的用法
意为“使倒下（下降）”；“击落，推翻”。
The wind brought down a number of trees.风刮倒了好些棵树。
They could do nothing to bring down prices.他们设法使物价下降。
Two more enemy planes were brought down. 又有两架敌机被击落。
5．take the place of的用法
意为“代替”，“取代”。
Nothing can take the place of the pleasant time.什么东西也不能够替代那失去的好时光。
【注意】take sb’s place 也可以用来表示“代替某人”。
He can take your teacher’s place. 他可以替代你老师的位置。
Lesson42
1. Fifteen million trees had been blown down by the high winds, blocking roads, paths and railway lines. 1,500万棵树被狂风刮倒，把大小道路和铁路都堵塞了。
分析：1)本句中用了过去完成时的被动语态（been blown down）。过去完成时是一种与过去时相比较而存在的时态，用以表示“过去的过去”的动作或状态。本句的过去完成时是和上句的谓语动词woke up and found （过去时）相比较而存在的，表示“（过去）醒来之前，树就已经被刮倒了”的意思。
2)注意：用来修饰wind的一些形容词，如a high wind(强风),也可以说a strong wind。又如：an adverse/a contrary/head wind 逆风；a fair wind 顺风；a light/soft wind 微风；a cold/an icy/piercing wind 寒风。
3）blocking roads, paths and railway lines是-ing，用作状语，表示如结果。
The fire lasted for three hours, killing 15 workers in all. 大火持续了三个小时，总共死亡15名工人。
2. One woman was lying in bed, awake, listening to the rushing winds. (==..., she was awake and listened to the rushing winds.) 有位妇女醒着躺在床上，静听那疾驰而过的大风。
分析：awake在句中是形容词，作“醒着”解，它的反义词是asleep(睡着)。它们在句中用作表语，不作定语，如不说an awake woman，但可以说a wakeful woman。
—Is she awake or asleep? 她是醒着还是睡着了？
—She is awake. 她醒了。
但是，在本句中的形容词awake是状语，相当于being awake,表示伴随状态。
The thief hid himself in the corner, afraid of being caught. 小偷躲在角落里，担心被人捉住。
listening to the rushing winds 是-ing短语，在句中作伴随状语。
He lay on the grass, looking at the stars in the sky. 他躺在草地上，望着天上的星星。
3. The army was called in to cut through fallen trees and to help clear the roads and paths. 召来部队把倒下来的树锯断，并帮忙清理大小道路。
分析：1）call in 在句中作“请来”、“找来”、“召来”解。有“请人来作某种专业的咨询或帮忙”的意思。
I think we ought to call in a specialist at this point. 我想在这个时候应当请专家来看看。
2）短语动词cut through作“剪断”、“切断”解。
The tailor cut through the cloth by mistake. 裁缝误把这块布剪断了。
3）fallen trees倒下来的树。fallen是fall的过去分词，用作定语，修饰名词trees。
注意：过去分词有“被动”或“完成”的概念；单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在所修饰的名词前面。
damaged houses被破坏的房屋。 injured people受伤的人；
注意：fallen trees与falling trees的区别：
前者是“已经倒下来的树”，强调动作的完成；后者是“正在倒下来的树”，强调动词的进行。
Lesson 43
1. But it will be more than 100 years before the country begins once again to look as it did before. 但是要过100多年以后，这个国家才能恢复到以前的样子。
分析：1)这是一个主从复合句。主句是it will be more than 100 years, 其中it指代“时间”。before the country ... to look ...是时间状语从句，这个before是连词。as it did before是一个方式状语从句，其中as是连词，作“同……一样”解。这个it指代the country，谓语动词did代替looked，以避免重复，这个从句中的before是副词，作“以前”解。
2)before 作连词用时，多译作“在……之前”。
Please remove your shoes before you enter the laboratory.进实验之前请先脱鞋。
before可译作“……（之后）才”。
He finished writing his composition before he went to play football. 他写完了作文才去踢足球。
3)once again/more作“再一次”、“重新”解。
Try it once again. 再试一次。
2. Surprisingly, the weather report on the evening before the storm said there would be strong winds, but not a hurricane. 令人惊奇的是，风暴发生之前的那个晚上，天气预报说，将有强风，而没有飓风。
分析：1)这是一个复合句。主句是the weather report ... said ..., 后跟宾语从句there would be strong winds …。but not a hurricane 是but there would not be a hurricane 的省略。
2)表示“在晚上”用in the evening。表示在某个特定的晚上时，要用介词on，如:
on Monday evening（在星期一的晚上），on the evening of December 12 （在12月12日的晚上），on the evening before the storm (在风暴发生前一天的那个晚上)。
过去分词作宾语补足语的用法
过去分词作宾语补足语的用法，它主要用在“主语+have / get / find/ …+宾语+过去分词”的句型中。现在分别说明三种不同的含义。
1． have sth. done结构
其中的done就是代表作宾语补足语用的过去分词，而have是使役动词，它在这种结构中不作“有”解，而作“请”、“派”、“使令”解。
1）表示“请/让/叫（别人为自己做某事）”的意思
I had my tap repaired. 我请人修好了水龙头。
2）表示“遭遇某种（不幸的）事情”，说明宾语的一种无意识的受动行为，并不说明“谁使（宾语）遭遇某事”。
She had her house damaged in the storm. 她的房屋在风暴中遭到了破坏。
3）表示“使完成某事”的意思，此事可以是别人完成的，也可以是自己参与完成的。
She told me she had had her house repaired. 她告诉我，她的房屋修好了。（“她”可能参加了修建工作，也可能没参加。）
注意：不要把have sth. done同have done sth. 混淆起来。后者现在完成时的结构，have 是助动词，本身无词义；而前者中的have是使役动词，本身有词义。试比较：
He had his watch repaired. 他请人把手表修好了。（别人修）
Ha has repaired his watch. 他已经修好了手表。（自己修）
下面一些例句，可让学生领会have sth. done的含义：
a. She's so ill. You ought to have her examined.
b. Her father had a new house built.
c. When did you have the rooms painted?
d. He had his face and hands burned in the fire.
e. The king had his head cut off.
f. I thought you had had everything well prepared.
2．get sth. done结构
get在这种结构中也是使役动词，也作“请”“派”“使令”
We got our water heater repaired last week. 上周我们（请人）把热水器修理了一下。
3．find sth. done结构
它的意思是“发现某物已经……”或“发现某物被……”，这个结构中的过去分词（done）表明宾语现在的情况，含有“完成”或“被动”的意思。
I found all the windows broken. 我发现窗户都（被打）破了。
练习：
1.he was disappointed to find his suggestions________.
A. been turned down B. turned down
C. to be turned down D. to turn down
2.---Good morning. Can I help you?
---I’d like to have this package ______, Madam.
A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. to weigh D. weighed
3.The murderer was brought in with his hands ______behind his back.
A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied
4.It is wise to have some money ______for old age.
A. put away B. keep up
C. given away D. laid up
Answers: BDDALesson 41教学设计方案Teaching Aims
Practise the dialogue and study the language points.
StepⅠRevision
1. Check the homework exercises.
2. Revise expressions about the weather. Ask the students for as many expressions as possible,
For example: It's windy. It is cloudy. It is terribly cold. It is minus 10 degrees.
StepⅡWarming--up
Look at Page 61. Talk about the picture.
What is happening? What are they talking about? And who are they?
Step Ⅲ Listening
1. Listen to the tape and repeat the dialogue.
2. Practise the dialogue by asking four students come to the front of the classroom. One is mother, one is father, one is Jane and the one is Pippa.
3.Fill in the blanks
One day Jane and Pippa were enjoying themselves walking in the hills. They couldn't ______across a river because the bridge had been ______away by the floods. ______they had to find another way_____. When they were to climb over some rocks, it suddenly started to ______and the wind _____80 hard. Luckily, they could see______ they were going. It took them along time to climb _____ the rocks. Then they across some very wet ground, and got ______ , with their clothes wet and ___. Their parents had been waiting for them. They wondered what was to their daughters. When they heard a_____ on the radio that a hurricane was ______to come, they were feeling very ______. Fortunately, the two girls managed to get home and their ______ finally felt relaxed (放松的) .
Answers
go / get washed So back rain blew where over walked home dirty happening warning likely worried parents
Step Ⅳ Reading
Let the students read the dialogue quickly and try to know the general idea by answering questions.
1. Why were Jane and Pipa late?
2. Why were Jane and Pipa’s parents wearied?
Answers:1.Because the bridge had been washed away by the floods.
2.Because it was late, and a hurricane was likely to come.
Step Ⅴ Language Points
1. There you are! 你才回来！
2. There is (no) need to do…（没）有必要做。例如：
There is (no) need for sth （没）有必要做
3. (1) be (get) anxious about… 为……担忧
(2) be (get) anxious to do sth. 着急要去干……
4. be likely to do… 有可能做……
Step Ⅵ Practice
Page 61, Part 2. Let students match the phrases on the left with the replies on tine right. Do the first one with the whole class, then let the students work through the exercises in pairs. Check the answers with the class.
A: What's the matter?
B: My foot is a bit painful.
A: Is there anything the matter?
B: Yes, there has been an accident.
A: What's wrong ?
B: Nothing. We are fine.
A: We are all anxious about you.
B: There is no need to be worried.
A: We were getting worried about you.
B: I didn't know I was going to be late.
Step Ⅶ Workbook
1. Look at Page 123. Do Ex 1. Let the students read the dialogue again and then ask the students to discuss the answers in pails. Check the answers with the whole class.
2. As for Ex 2, let the students work in pairs first, then check the answers.
3. Before doing Ex 3, revise the words in the box. Do the exercise orally in class. The six sentences can be translated into Chinese if possible.
Step Ⅷ Homework
Prepare lesson 42
Lesson 42教学设计方案Teaching Aims
1. Let students know what hurricane is and what to do when hurricane comes.
2. The students are required to answer the questions raised by the teacher and in the passage.
StepⅠRevision
1. Check the homework exercises.
3. Revise the dialogue in Lesson 41 by asking questions and telling the story of Jane and Pippa.
Step ⅡWarming--up
1. Talk about weather.
1) what’s the weather like in your hometown ?
2) Have you experienced a hurricane ?
3) How long did it last?
4) What are the results ?
2. Talk about the picture on Page 62.
StepⅢ Listening
Listen to the tape and answer some questions.
1. What happened in a hurricane?
2. Why are hurricanes dangerous ?
3. Why did the hurricane cause so much damage?
4. Who helped to get things back to after the hurricane ?
5. Which parts of China have hurricanes?
Keys:1.When a hurricane comes, the heavy rain and strong winds make the trees down and house destroyed.
2.Because hurricanes can destroy trees, houses and make people lose their lives.
3.Because it had been raining heavily, the ground was wet and the trees were easily pushed over by the wind.
4.The army, the electricity workers and the telephone workers helped to get things back to after the hurricane.
5.Usually there are hurricanes in the southeast of China.
Step Ⅳ Reading
Read the text and try to know the general idea, and then tell the true or false sentences.
1. On Friday 16th Oct. 1987, a hurricane struck the southeast of England.
2. In the hurricane, ninety people lost their lives.
3. England usually has plenty of rain every month of the year.
4. In the morning people woke up and found the outside world hardly changed.
5. Many towns and villages had their water supply cut off because there was no electricity.
6. It took months to clear all the roads and to mend all the broken electricity lines and telephone lines by the army.
Answers: T F T F T F
Step 5 Watch video and then do exercise I on page 124
Step Ⅴ Practice
Read the text quickly and then do the written exercise by filling in the blanks .
In 1987, a hurricane 1 the southeast of England. Nineteen people lost their 2 . If the hurricane 3 happened during the day - time, there 4 have been many more death. That night was the worst one 5 history.
In the morning people found the world outside their houses completely __6 . Fifteen million trees had been 7 down by the high winds. Electricity lines as 8 as telephone poles were brought down. Many towns and villages had their water supply 9 off because there was 10 electricity. Many people had to use 11 .
It took 12 to clear all the roads and mend all the broken electricity lines and telephone lines. The army was called _ 13 __ to cut through fallen trees and to help to __ 14__ the roads and paths. They worked for long hours for several weeks before everything returned to 15 .
[Answers:]1. hit/ struck 2. lives 3. had 4.would 5. in 6. changed 7. blown 8. well 9. cut 10. no 11. lamps 12. weeks 13. in 14. clear 15.
Step Ⅵ Language points
1.up to 2.as well as
3.If +主语+had done, 主语+should/ would/could/ might + have done.
4．call in call at call…back call for
put down bring down blow down cut down
1. Last year I went to Guiyang on business, but I had no time to ______ the place where she was working.
2. Mr Zhang told the meeting that we were facing some new problems that ______immediate solution (解决) .
3. This morning Zhou Yan called me when I was away, but I still haven't got time to ______ her____.
4. Kate is so ill that we cannot move her. Please ______ a doctor quickly.
5. Whenever and wherever floods or earthquakes happen, the PLA soldiers are ______ to help rescue the people.
6. The company manager told her to ______ all the customers’ names and addresses in order to keep in touch with them.
7. It was really a hand job to rebuild the houses ______in the hurricane.
8. The electricity lines that were _______ in the earthquake were very dangerous to the people and animals.
9. The farmers must be told to stop the young trees for firewood.
Answers: 1. call at 2. called for 3. call…back 4. call in 5. called in 4. put down 7. blown down 8. brought down 9. cutting down
Step VII Workbook
Look at Page 124. Do Ex 1 and Ex 2 . Before doing Ex 2, revise the expressions. Let the students work in pairs. Check the answers with the whole class and get the students to put the sentences into Chinese.
Step VIII Homework
1. Prepare Lesson 43.
2. Write a short passage according to the four pictures on Page 63
探究活动
1.You and your friend have decided to see a play and your friend promised to meet you at the gate of the theatre at 6:00.The play begins at 6:30.It’s now nearly 7:00 o’clock, but still your friend hasn’t turned up yet. Later he arrives and you ask him the reason. Make a dialogue between you two.
2.Suppose you were one of the members of the family living in a house with very tall trees all around. Tell your experience in the hurricane in English. How strong the wind was? What decision did you make and what did you do later?
3.Suppose you were one of the workers from other parts of Britain. You were called to travel south to help repair the damage. Tell what you see all around and what you do there.
Hurricane
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