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高考英语二轮语法专讲精品教案 第9讲 助动词
高考英语二轮语法专讲精品教案 第9讲助动词 来源:中学学科网 一.助动词的定义 在英语中,助动词本身是没有词义的,它主要帮助构成谓语,表示时态,语态,语气或构成否定形式,疑问形式。请注意,助动词在句子中必须同主语的人称和数保持一致。 例:1)He is reading the newspaper. (时态) 他正在看报纸。 2)Tom was punished by his teacher.(语态) 3)Do be quiet,please. (语气) 4)She does not speak English.(否定) 5)Did you read this book ? (疑问) 二.助动词的种类 五个助动词(be,have,do,shall,will) 原形 现在时 过去时 过去分词 be is, am, are was, were been have have, has had had do do, does did done — shall should — — will Would — A→be动词的用法 形 式 用 法 be+现在分词 表示进行时态 be+过去分词 表示被动语态 be+不定式(to+动词原形) 表示约定,义务,希望,可能 例:1) We are to meet at the school at noon.(约定) 2)You are to obey your parents.(义务) 说明:am,is,are,was,were,have, has, had, do, does, did即可作助动词有可作实义动词。 例:1)She does not speak English.(助动词) 2)She does her look carefully. (实义动词) B→have的用法 形式 用法 have+过去分词 表示现在完成时(主动语态) have+been+过去分词 表示现在完成时(被动语态) have+been+现在分词 表示现在完成进行时 Have +to+动词原形 作情态动词,表“必须”(=must) 例:I have to work hard during this vacation. C→Shall/will的用法 形式 用法 Shall/will+动词原形 表示过去将来时或虚拟语气 Should/would+动词原形 D→do的用法 助动词do只有三个形式:do,does,did a. 构成疑问句和否定句 疑问句:Do(does/did)+主语+动词原形+……? 否定句:主语+do(does/did)+not+动词原形+…… b. 用在动词原形之前,加强语气,此时助动词只有两个形式:do,did 例:1)He did answer in this way. 2) I do believe you can do it well. c.代替前面刚提到的动词以避免重复 例:1)I like English and so does he. 2) He doesn’t watch TV everyday and nor/neither do I. 3) He works hard but his son doesn’t. d.用于倒装句,特别强调never,rarely,seldom,so等副词。 例:Never did I see such an animal. =I never saw such an animal.【高考英语二轮语法专讲教案 第9讲 助动词】相关文章:
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