都江堰的导游词
作为一位杰出的导游,总不可避免地需要编写导游词,借助导游词可以更好地宣传景点,引导游客观光游览。导游词要怎么写呢?下面是小编为大家收集的都江堰的导游词,仅供参考,大家一起来看看吧。
都江堰的导游词1
各位朋友大家好!都江堰被誉为“世界水利文化的鼻祖”,是全国著名的旅游胜地。今天,就由小梦来陪大家一起畅游都江堰,了解水利工程,祝大家吃好喝好玩好睡好。
都江堰位于四川省成都市都江堰市灌口镇,是中国建设于古代并使用至今的大型水利工程。都江堰是由齐国蜀郡太守李冰及其子率众于公元265年左右修建的,是全世界迄今为止,年代最久、唯一留存、以无坝引水为特征的宏大水利工程。大家都知道二郎神吧,二郎神便是李冰的儿子,由于李冰无子,传说而来。为纪念父子俩,修建了我们旁边的这座二王庙,也是观看都江堰最好的观景点。今天,我们来一个逆向思维——倒着走。都江堰主要分为三个部分,鱼嘴、飞沙堰和宝瓶口,今天,我们先从鱼嘴看起。
鱼嘴分水堤又称“鱼嘴”,因其形状像一张鳄鱼的嘴巴而得名,昂头于岷江江心,将岷江分为内外两江,东边的内江用于灌溉农田,西边的外江则用于排洪。鱼嘴主要起到两个作用:四六分水,二八分沙。二八分沙是指沉淀在河床上的泥沙经过鱼嘴上的一颗颗排列整齐的小石头,而使其外江的沙占八成,内江的沙占二成。这样,灌溉农田的水就会十分清澈,因为大多数泥沙已被外江排走。四六分水则根据季节的变化而变化,大家请看旁边的几个小岛,冬春季江水较枯,水流经几个小岛而绕成“S”型,使其主流直冲内江,内江进水量约6成,外江进水量约4成;而夏季雨水增多,水位上涨,汹涌的水势不再受小岛所影响,主流直冲外江,内、外江江水的比例便会自动颠倒:内江进水量约4成,外江进水量约6成。就是这样的“鱼嘴”,保证了当地人民在枯水期的农田用水以及人民生活用水,又在洪水期防范了洪水泛滥的发生,真是功不可没。当然,没有几个小岛和百丈堤、杩槎、金刚堤的协助,“鱼嘴”也不可能完美地完成任务,这也告诉我们,在生活中,我们也需要朋友的互帮互助。
现在我们奔向下一站——飞沙堰溢洪道。飞沙堰具有泻洪、排沙和调节水量的显著功能,主要在洪水期将宝瓶口多余的内江水排到外江,如果遇到特大洪水,它还会自行溃堤,让江水流入泄洪道,使大量江水回归岷江正流,以保证成都百姓不受洪水灾害。它的第二大功能就是排沙,当江水疾驰而来,会由于离心力作用形成漩涡,将泥沙或冲上岸,或带入泄洪道,把多余的泥沙排入外江去。古时飞沙堰,是用竹笼卵石堆砌的临时工程;如今已改用混凝土浇铸,以保一劳永逸的功效。
下面就是我们的最后一站——宝瓶口。宝瓶口因形像花瓶而得名,起"节制闸"作用,能自动控制内江进水量,是湔山伸向岷江的`长脊上凿开的一个口子,它是人工凿成控制内江进水的咽喉。宝瓶口的水会被一分为二,二分为四,四分为八……以此来灌溉平原,送到每一家每一户去。换句话说,若是宝瓶口被堵上了,那么60%的成都人就没有水喝。所以宝瓶口和飞沙堰还真是一对“帮人排忧解难”的好兄弟。
都江堰是由三个主要的水利工程组成,如果把都江堰想象成一条鱼,那么“鱼嘴”处就是鱼的头,飞沙堰就是鱼的身子,而宝瓶口,则是鱼的尾巴。都,成都;江,岷江;堰,堤坝。这就是都江堰名字的由来,希望大家记住这个“水利工程的鼻祖”哦。
不知道大家玩得开不开心呢。经过一番游玩,大家的肚子都“咕咕”叫了吧,现在我们就向食物大军进发!
都江堰导游词 篇闻名的古代水利工程都江堰,位于四川都江堰市城西,古时属都安县境而名为都安堰,宋元后称都江被誉为“独奇千古”的“镇川之宝” 。两千年前,李冰父子面临桀骜不驯的岷江水,火攻玉垒化为离堆。鱼嘴堤分水、飞沙堰溢洪、宝瓶口引水,将逢雨必涝的西蜀平原,化作了水旱从人,不知饥馑的天府之国。这项工程直到本日还在施展着浸染,被称为“活的水利博物馆”。是全天下至今为止年月最久、独一留存、以无坝引水为特性的宏洪流利工程。
一千八百多年前,玄门首创人张陵看中了青城山的碧绿寂静,抉择在此修炼道法。青城山的香火愈来愈盛,但道家建筑的观宇与亭阁始终深藏于密林之间,与附近的山林岩泉融为一体。
奇异的地理前提和生态情形培育了离堆锁峡、金堤夕照、雄关古道、玉垒仙都、寒潭伏龙、笮桥飞虹、玉女仙姿、岷山晓雪、宝瓶春晓等天然景观,与二王庙、伏龙观、安澜索桥、城隍庙等古代构筑交相辉映,形成了山、水、城、林、堰、桥融为一体的奇异风物,成为天然与文化、人类与情形、水利工程与山川风物调和融合、天人合一的千古异景。具有极强的抚玩性、生态性、特色性。
都江堰的导游词2
都江堰茶溪谷位于都江堰市向峨乡石碑村,处于成都市1小时经济圈内,距都江堰城区6公里,占地1200亩。独特的区位 优势,使之成为休闲农业与乡村旅游相互承接的典范。是一家集体验、观光、度假、教育于一体的——茶乡圣地。充分彰显乡村风情与历史文化的和谐统一。
茶溪谷是现代快节奏生活之外的一块净地,让您当起快乐的'农夫、自主的场主。这里是您生态的盛宴、亲子的乐园 、梦想的田园、养生的圣殿、有机的菜园等。
家庭农场、户外运动、品茗休闲、科普教育等是其独特的亮点。茶餐饮、农家菜、农夫超市、自助烧烤等让您快乐 、时尚、惬意。具备日接待上千人的优质服务团队。在翠绿的树林、潺潺的山溪水旁,当地主、做农夫的快乐。在山村里自然的劳动、运动,享受亲情,加密友情、收获爱情走进茶溪谷,追寻 历史的脚印。体验新农村生活,忘情于山水,融入于自然,自由穿行,释放自我。
都江堰的导游词3
欢迎各位来到都江堰市游览。现在我们的车正经过宽敞平直的幸福大道转上玉垒山公路,去参观闻名中外的都江堰景区。
大家从成都来,都看到沿途纵横交错的河渠,奔涌着盈盈清水,流淌进远近碧绿的田畴,那就是都江古堰的灌渠。两千多年以来,古堰把滔滔东泻的岷江水引到广袤的成都平原,造就出“天府之国”的富饶和美丽。
在此以前,由于成都平原的地势是西北高,东南低,从高山连绵的松茂峡谷中汹涌而下的浩荡岷江,一到涨水季节,总是顺地势四下漫流,常常给平原生息的远古生灵带来可怕的洪涝灾难。后来经过距今大约三千年前的鳖灵治水,才使这片土地初步得到平安。鳖灵的巨大功绩,使蜀王杜宇把王位让给了他,成为开明王朝的第一位蜀王。
而真正把岷江引进平原,缔造了“益州天府”的大功臣,则是公元前三世纪的蜀郡太守李冰。是他带领人民群众建造了举世无双的都江堰工程,非常科学地实现了导江、防洪、引流灌溉的一系列功效。其后,由于都江堰水利受到历代统治者的重视,设置专门的官员管理,前后有不少为政高明的管理者,又在管理和维护中不断地将积累的经验变成规范性的典章制度,使都江堰历经两千多年一直发挥着巨大的水利功能。因此,说都江堰是孕育出四川天府的第一奇功,闪射出中华民族智慧之光的典范,是毫不夸张的。新中国成立以来,都江堰可说是古堰逢春,灌溉面积已由建国时的200万亩扩展到1000多万亩。都江堰能有此千古长效的伟大功能的奥秘所在。
我想这也是各位今天游览的目的吧!现在,我们走上了景区公路,沿途森林夹道,空气清新,使大家的旅游有了更好的心情。我们从观景楼往下游览。
都江堰鸟瞰
站在楼台的敞廊上远看都江堰的水利工程,可以看见岷江从山里滚滚而来,在拐弯处被一条像鱼头的长坝一分为二,堤坝这边的江水顺玉垒山脚流到一座孤立的山头前,堤坎矮下去了,而水流都靠着山这边走向远方,这就是都江堰的渠首工程。长堤的头部叫鱼咀,堤尾矮下去那段叫飞沙堰,孤立的山头和玉垒山之间的水道叫宝瓶口。鱼咀、飞沙堰、宝瓶口是都江堰的三大主体工程,鱼咀用于分水,让灌溉的水进内江,多余的水走外江;飞沙堰用于溢洪排沙;宝瓶口用于引流入渠。就是这三部份工程的巧妙配合,奠定了都江堰千古长存的“不坏金身”。今天我们看起来,它们是那样的简单。甚至觉得平凡。其实正印证了—句“伟大出于平凡”的格言。都江堰渠首工程蕴涵着极大的科学性,其设计和建造所体现的认识自然和利用自然的水平之高,即使是二千多年后的今天,仍然可以称之为最高水平的成就。等一会我们到了现场再作详细介绍。指物说理,可能比较容易说明白一些。现在我们去看二王庙。
二王庙
二王庙座落于玉垒山麓,是纪念都江堰修建者李冰父子的庙宇。这座庙宇原是纪念蜀王杜宇的“望帝祠”;南北朝时迁“望帝祠”于郫县后,为表达对李冰父子功德的崇敬之意,后来这里就被更名为“崇德庙”;宋朝,由于李冰父子相继被救封为王,便改崇德庙为“王庙”;到了清代,才正式定名为“二王庙”。
二王庙的建筑有五大特点:一是占地少,仅10072平方米;二是建筑密度高,达到60%;三是不强调中轴对称,这与大多数中国古建筑的基本特点相悖;四是上下高差大,有63米;五是规模宏大,布局严谨,令人赏心悦目,这五大建筑特点我们将边参观边体味。
我们从二王庙的后山往下走,经过存放商代古木和供奉元朝地方官吉当普的亭阁。穿过有两株“仙人松”的庭院,就到达庙宇的文物陈列室。在这里有我国两位著名画师的真迹镌刻在石碑上,他们的名字可谓是家喻户晓,要问是哪两位?其实不用我在这里多说,大家一看画就知道了,这仕女图是张大千先生画的,这奔马自是徐悲鸿的杰作。大家再看左边的这个碑,谁能认出这是什么字? ——这本来也不是字,是用来降魔镇妖的道符,也难怪大家和我一样“一字不识”。
与陈列室平行是二王庙后殿,现在塑的是李冰夫妇的神像。由于李冰父子的丰功伟绩,后人早已将他们神化了。我们在二王庙中参观,自然知道二王是指李冰父子,但我们却见不到李冰儿子李二郎的塑像。“二郎”是神话中与李冰关系最密切的一人。这个角色的出现,把李冰神话的故事情节又推进一个新阶段。但史书从未介绍过李冰儿子,所以李二郎只不过是个传说中的人物。我们都有自己崇拜的偶像,有人崇拜,有人崇拜拿破仑,有人则祟拜刘德华,当时的人却非常崇拜李冰。偶像又都应该是完美的,李冰没有儿子,在封建时代有这么一句话“不孝有三,无后为大”,李冰倍受蜀人尊敬和崇拜,自然人们都希望他有一个英雄的儿子,能替他传宗接代,李二郎这个人物也就由此而产生了。
李二郎这个人物的原型可能是跟随李冰一起治水的年青人。李二郎代表的不是真有这个人,也不仅是治水的年青人。而是代表了所有和李冰一起治水的堰工的形象。
大殿就是李冰殿。大家知道,战国时期是一个产生杰出人物的时代。比如墨家墨子,法家的韩非子,儒家的孟子等等。李冰也是这个时代的杰出人物,诸子百家也应有水利家的一席之地。李冰是一名政治家,更是一名杰出的水利科学家。
李冰是先秦时期的蜀郡守,相当于现在四川省省长的职位,但蜀郡当时所管辖的'区域比现在的四川要小。李冰一方面因为一心为民办实事,多才能干,治蜀有方,受到秦王的信任;另一方面,他信任群众,依靠群众,用比较现代的话来说,便是“走群众路线”,所以得到广大人民群众的拥护和爱戴。只有处理好对上和对下的关系,他才能任职四十年,办了许多实事造福于民,所以承认李冰是一位伟大水利专家的同时,我们必须得承认,他也是一位杰出的政治家。在这尊塑像中,李冰儒雅仁厚、勤于政务的风貌得到了淋漓尽致的展示。
李冰殿是一座四合院式建筑,殿的对面是戏楼。戏楼顾名思义就是唱戏的地方,不过这戏不是唱给凡人看的,而是唱给已被供奉为川主神的李冰看的。每年的农历六月二十四这天,是二王庙庙会,明清时代,每到这一天,这里都要唱戏,人们赶庙会敬神、祈福、看戏,甚为热闹。1992年后,赶庙会的风俗又重新恢复。
这座塔是“字库”,烧纸钱的地方。农历六月二十四庙会的这一天,这里总是热闹非凡,人们会把纸、钱一些歌颂或赞扬李冰的字、画从底层塞入燃烧,塔心中空,青烟直上,塔尖有两只蛤蟆,大家看清楚了没有?烟就从蛤蟆嘴中冲出,直上云霄,这样天上的李冰就可以知道人们对他的评价了。从戏台下面走出大门,一条高陡的石阶梯,把庙宇显得巍峨耸高,返身上看,这隶书“二王庙”匾额,为民国三十年(公元1941年)冯玉祥将军来都江堰时写的,在这里拍照较有纪念意义。
再往下走,林荫深深的阶梯旁,摩崖雕刻着历代积累的都江堰维修治理的经验总结,字句精炼,涵义准确,很有科学价值。比如:这是岁修都江堰的“六字诀”——深淘滩、低作堰。“低作堰”是说飞沙堰不能加高,这“深淘滩”的“滩”指的是凤栖窝(也就是飞沙堰对面淤起的浅滩)的一段河床,在每年枯水季年节岁修清淤时,要深淘。深到什么程度呢?最早水下埋的是三个石人马,以前以涨水不过肩部,水枯时不低于人的足部为标准。现今淘滩,以看到四根卧铁为标准,这四根卧铁分别是明、清和民国时期以及解放后的九十年代埋下的,只要看见四根卧铁就行了,淘得过深,宝瓶口进水量偏大,会造成涝灾;淘得过浅,水量不足,难以灌溉。
这边的“遇湾截角,逢正抽心”称为八字格言,是治理岷江和解决灌区输水及疏通排洪河道的方法,也可以说是一切治理疏浚河道的通则。“遇湾截角”指岁修时遇河流弯道,在凸岸截去锐角,减缓冲势,使其顺直一些,减轻主流对河岸的冲刷,“逢正抽心”就是遇到顺直的河段或河道叉沟很多时,应当把河床中间部位淘深一些,达到主流集中的目的,使江水“安流顺轨”,避免泛流毁岸、淹毁农田。石刻的经验还有很多,有的我们在游览中再作解释。
前面这小楼叫“乐楼”,是清代典型的仿道教建筑,每逢清明节放水,要举行隆重的“放水典礼”,成都的大官员来时,这里就奏乐迎接。乐楼的雕塑和装饰非常精美,通过谐音、会意或直书其字等方法,反映了道教中讲究清静无为的修炼和吉祥如意、健体长生,羽化登仙等题材。色调上给人以亲切、明快、素雅、安祥之感。乐楼左、右两边分别塑的是汉代的文翁和三国时期的诸葛亮。他们都是发展和保护都江堰水利工程的功臣。文翁穿湔江以灌田,诸葛亮派马超率一千二百名士兵保护都江堰。
安澜桥
走出二王庙,看到的就是都江堰,也就是岷江的内江,架在江上的铁索桥,就是著名的安澜桥。请大家随我过桥去鱼咀参观。
安澜桥是我国著名的五大古桥之一,全长320米。最早称绳桥或竹藤桥,这与它修建的材料有关。到了宋代,改称“评事桥”,明朝末年毁于战火。清嘉庆八年(1803),何先德夫妇倡议修建竹索桥,以木板为桥面,旁设扶栏,两岸行人可安渡狂澜,故更名“安澜桥”;民间为纪念何氏夫妇,又称之为“夫妻桥”。它是沟通内、外江两岸的交通要道。
桥的原址本来在鱼嘴处,1974年因兴建外江水闸,经国务院批准,将索桥下移了—百多米,改用钢索建造。索桥是我国古代人民为征服高山峡谷,急流险滩,利用本地竹木资源创建的悬空过渡桥梁形式之一,是世界索桥建筑的典范。现在就让我们一起走过这晃晃悠悠的桥,去体味如履簿冰的感觉吧,过索桥可是游都江堰最有乐趣的项目之一呵!
鱼咀
大家已经知道,鱼咀是都江堰工程的主体部分。站在鱼咀的坝口,看岷江迎面而来,经鱼咀一隔分为两股,即外江和内江。鱼咀就是分水堤的头,为什么要修在这里呢?起多大作用呢?这就要回到二王庙石崖上刻的“分四六、平潦旱”的两句话上了。
鱼咀主要起分水作用。李冰修建鱼嘴,因地制宜,充分利用了韩家坝的稳固性和分水作用,并在此基础上加工而成,事半功倍,用形似鱼嘴的堤坝,把岷江水一分为二,分为内江和外江。由于这段河道的河床外高内低,再加上正有一个弯道,所以鱼咀分水后在春耕季节江水流量较小时,主流就有约六成的水进入内江,首先保证了成都平原的农业灌溉用水。洪水季节,流量急增,水位大幅度提高,水势受河床弯道的制约明显减少,再由于外江一侧江面较宽,内江—侧江面较窄,内江的流量会自动低于外江,进水约四成,这样又在很大程度上解决了成都平原的防洪难题。这种功用便是都江堰三字经中所说的“分四六、平潦旱”。
鱼嘴还具有一定的排沙排石功能;岷江是长江最大的支流之—,它发源于我省松潘县境内,全长760公里,源头至此约340公里,基本上算中上游,每年大量的沙石顺流而下,根据弯道环流原理,江水在弯道产生的漩流,会将下层的沙石卷到水流上层,大部分便自动被带入外江一边而不进内江。鱼嘴正处于“正面取水”“侧面排沙”的理想位置。80%的沙石从这里排走,大大减少了内江淤塞之害。
现在的鱼咀已是钢筋混凝土建筑,在从前它可是土石做基,用卵石竹笼护堤。就是用川西盛产的竹子编成长长的竹笼横置坝边,里边塞满河边冲积的卵石,一笼接一笼,一层接一层,造成了坚固耐冲又不积水的堤坝。就地取材,方法简易而效果极好。
紧接鱼咀的这道长堤叫金刚堤,每年内江淘河起来的泥沙就用来堆积加固堤坝,既保证内江护岸,又解决了泥沙的出路,这就是岁修“三字经”上说的“挖河沙,堆堤岸”。
飞沙堰
金刚堤尽头处成了一个斜坡,然后是一道矮坝,这就是飞沙堰了。
飞沙堰,是都江堰水利工程的第二个主体工程,这堰修在离堆之侧,是一道低坝,堰顶距河床仅2.15米。它的主要功能是为内江泄洪排沙。从鱼嘴分进的内江水,被离堆一顶,自然旋流起来,每当夏秋之季水流量大于宝瓶口的可流量时,宝瓶口不能通过的水,主要从飞沙堰泄出,而且旋流所泛起的泥沙也就从飞沙堰一齐流出去。“飞沙”二字的意思就在于不仅溢洪还能排沙。
测量资料表明,内江流量越大,飞沙堰的泄洪能力越强。特大洪水时,从鱼嘴分进内江总干渠的流量可达宝瓶口流量的四倍。75%的内江水可从这里泄出。当枯水季节,水位低于飞沙堰时,它便成了一道天然节制闸,自动失去了泄洪功能,保证了成都平原的灌溉。资料还表明,在飞沙堰第二次利用弯道流体力学原理,排走江水含沙量的约15%。鱼嘴已排沙80%,流向成都平原的水流含沙量就只占5%左右了。
宝瓶口
宝瓶口是都江堰系统工程的关键环节。宝瓶口是内江水进入成都平原的咽喉,犹如瓶口一样,严格控制着江水进人成都平原的流量,当宝瓶口的进水量饱和(约700立方米/秒)后,无论岷江发生多大的洪水,宝瓶口也拒之“口”外,概不容纳。这种稳定的进水量,对成都平原的农业、灌溉、防洪、运输等都产生了特大效益。
宝瓶口旁的这小山叫离堆。
选择在宝瓶口位置开凿离堆是极其科学的。它使内江水经过一段流程后水势便于控制,水质进一步澄清,然后被迎面独立的离堆顶托江水,创造了飞沙堰泄洪排沙的功能和宝瓶口的瓶颈效用。保证了成都平原的防洪和灌溉。所以说,在宝瓶口位置开凿离堆,决定了整个渠首工程的布局。两千多年前的李冰能利用岷江和玉垒山的山形水势,设计出这样妙绝古今的水利枢纽工程,是何等的了不起!都江堰所展示的我国古代水利科学水平,难道不值得我们为之感到自豪,感到振奋吗!
离堆公园
从飞沙堰前行是离堆公园。
离堆公园是都江堰的市内入口,也是市区最美丽的园林,奇花异木、盆景艺术、丛林幽径、处处让人留连。其中有两处我认为是必去之地,那就是伏龙观和新辟的文物陈列馆。
伏龙观就建在离堆上,因“二郎擒孽龙”的神话而得名。伏龙观的前身名叫“范贤馆”,始建于公元4世纪,是纪念成汉时(公元302—347年)青城山天师道首领、天地太师西山侯——范长生而建。因范长生被人称为“范贤”,这馆因之而命名为“范贤馆”,五代十国时,李冰先后受封为“大安王”和“应圣灵感王”,在此修李公祠。又因宋代民间传说的二郎伏龙,最后定名“伏龙观”。
走上四十二级台阶后,便可见右方的一碑“离堆”。抬头看右前方的山头,那便是玉垒山,李冰当时修建都江堰水利工程时,首先开玉垒山,引水灌田,便使玉垒山的主峰和我们脚下的这块山丘分隔开了,形成了一个孤立的小山堆,这便是离堆的由来。左侧并排立着11块石碑,依次为“神禹峋嵝碑”,“道都符碑”和“佛教梵文碑”,意在借助儒、释、道三教的神力以镇水,通称“镇水碑”。也有说镇水碑不是镇水,而是镇压下面的孽龙的。孽龙若没有上面碑的神力镇压,便又会兴风作浪。
伏龙观前殿,供奉的是李冰神像。神像是东汉末年(168年)石刻像,像高2.9米,重4.5吨。于1974年修建外江江闸才从河床中捞出来。因石像卧在江中,胸前文字清晰可见。中间有文:“故蜀郡李府君讳冰”,两袖有文:“建宁元年闰月戊申朔二十五日都水尹龙、长陈壹造三神石人镇水万世焉”这段文字表明,此石刻像雕刻时间是东汉灵帝建宁元年(168年)闰三月二十五日,迄今已有1800多年了。
都水是东汉郡府管理水利的行政部门。是郡太守府的椽史,他代表郡太守常住都水官府。旁边这尊缺头人像大概就是当时的都水,由于岷江中上游沙石含量大,头给撞毁了。他没有头,却依旧把当时的治水工具“锸”握得紧紧的,足以证明他治水的决心与信心。在那时,官员们腰间的绶带分别代表他们官位的大小,他腰间绶带并不长,反映了他在当时的官位并不大。据推测,他的官位相当于现在都江堰管理局局长。
前殿的另一侧,陈列着都江堰市出土的汉墓石刻,其中有石俑(有趣的是,他手中所持的工具也是“锸”)、石马(个头矮壮矫健的川马)以及石刻水塘。眼前的石人石马是汉代仿李冰治水时留下的文物雕凿成的。古书记载,造石俑放入内江江心,在淘滩的时候,以石人(马)为标准,低不过足踝,高不过肩,以保证岷江江水既造福于民、灌溉良田,又避免水量过大造成成都平原水灾。当然,在后来以卧铁代替石人石马,石人石马便成古迹了。
石刻水塘展现了建都江堰后,农田自流灌溉的繁荣景象和庄园主的生活。要请大家注意的是石刻水塘之间的凹槽,这些凹槽中间是一些闸,这些闸用于控制田间进水量,如实反映了都江堰的“自流灌溉”,是与水利相关的汉代石刻艺术瑰宝。
沿着天井的石阶进入中殿,原名铁佛殿,现为文物陈列室,展示有关李冰修建都江堰的文物、文献和中外嘉宾在伏龙观的留影和题词。
后殿原名玉皇殿。殿四周均有回廊,视野开阔,移步换景,山光水色令人陶醉。左侧开阔处有一亭子,名“观澜亭”,在这里可见内外江奔腾呼啸,脚下的离堆此时更显出“中流砥柱”的气势。
离堆是当年李冰在此处开凿的一个引水口。早在2000多年前的秦国,还没有火药,而且铁器的使用也较落后,这玉垒山又属子母岩(砾岩沉积岩),结构十分坚固,要人工开凿缺口确实是一件不容易的事。但人们的智慧是无穷的。于是想到了用“火攻”的方法,先用柴火焚烧岩石,使之炽热,然后浇水醋。凿去一层,再烧一层,如此反复进行,终于在八年后,开了—个宽20M、高40M、长80M的缺口,这口子使玉垒山分出了离堆,也建成了宝瓶口。据传,在开凿宝瓶口时,李冰不仅身先士卒,奋勇当先,同时李冰的女儿“冰儿”也为之英勇献身。当宝瓶口还差最后一层岩墙就可打开时,每人都知道开这层岩墙的人便必死无疑。“冰儿”却毅然要求去,宝瓶口凿开了,可“冰儿”却被滚滚的江流吞食了,人们说她死后羽化成仙,神灵便附在玉垒山上,从远处便可见“冰儿”安祥地仰卧在玉垒山,日日夜夜地守护着这千年古堰。
现在,我们原路走出伏龙观,去参观都江堰文物陈列馆,里面关于都江堰水利工程的大量史料,将加深你对古堰的认识。陈列馆关于青城山等地的资料,会使你对都江堰市丰富的旅游资源有一个比较完整的了解。
都江堰的导游词4
Dujiangyan is located in the west of dujiangyan city, sichuan province, is located in the minjiang river in the west of the chengdu plain. Dujiangyan water conservancy project was built in 256 BC, is so far, all over the world s most long, the only thing left, is characterized by no dam diversion of water conservancy projects. Is a national key cultural relics protection units. Near dujiangyan, beautiful scenery and numerous cultural relics, there are mainly FuLong view, the two Kings temple, peaceful bridge, which, from the pile of park, which mountain park and lingyan temple, etc. The dujiangyan irrigation project by the creation of yuzui water-dividing dike, fly sand dam spillway, BaoPingKou irrigating gate three main engineering and baizhang dike, herringbone dam and other accessory works. Scientifically solved the automatic water distributary and desilting, control the water flow, flood, eliminates the make western sichuan plain "severe" from the man's "land of abundance". More than two thousand years, has played a flood control and irrigation. By 1998, dujiangyan irrigation area has reached more than 40 counties, irrigated area of 668700 hectares. Fish mouth is built in jiangxin water dam, the minjiang river surge is divided into outer and neijiang, jiang outside having, jiang baopingkou water diversion irrigation. Fly sand dam up xie hong, desilting and adjust the action of water. BaoPingKou control water flow, the shape of the mouth for such as bottlenecks, therefore calls BaoPingKou. In the river after BaoPingKou into the western sichuan plain irrigation farmland. From the hills hill part of truncation, which is called "from the heap. Dujiangyan water conservancy project makes full use of local geographical conditions of high northwest, southeast low, according to the mountain rivers in special terrain, water vein, water potential, return pattern, no dam diversion, gravity irrigation, the embankment, water, water, sand, curtains on interdependence, for system, to ensure the water flood control, irrigation, water transportation and social comprehensive benefits into full play. After the completion of dujiangyan, the chengdu plain lies thousands of miles, "province.with from people, do not know famine, when no famine," tianfu ". Culture has a great development of the economy in sichuan province. Its greatest dam was built two thousand years enduring, and it plays a more and more big. Dujiangyan to create, in order to does not destroy the natural resources, make full use of natural resources for human services for the premise, change for profit, make the person, the land, water three highly harmonious and unified. Dujiangyan project remain, so far still plays a job. With the enlargement of the scope of the development of science and technology and irrigation area, begin from 1936, gradually switch to slurry concrete build by laying bricks or stones pebble technology of ancient project for repair, reinforcement, add some of the water conservancy facilities, the engineering layout and ancient weir are crowded "deep, low weir tao beach", "return pattern, since the", "cutting Angle, every heart is pumping in bay" and other valuable hasn't changed, dujiangyan water conservancy project to become the world's best model of water resource utilization. Water conservancy experts, after carefully watched the whole project design of its height more than the scientific level of marvel. Such as sand weir design is a good use of the theory of swirling flow. The weir, at ordinary times can be irrigated, flooding can drain into the river, but also the role of sand and gravel, sometimes big stones can roll away from the weir. There were no cement, for such a big engineering is use local materials, using bamboo cages packed pebble as weir, expenses in province, effect is remarkable. Dujiangyan scenic in this area, there are many places of interest, it is an ideal tourist attraction. Dujiangyan one with two Kings temple, FuLong view, peaceful bridge such as places of historic interest. Two Kings temple is located in minjiang river right bank slopes, the former in dujiangyan, a former memory of the king of shu emperor temple, JiJianWu (A.D. 494-498) when the change of si bing and his son, renamed the "chong DE temple". After the song dynasty (960-1279), emperor bing and his son have been ChiFeng is king, so be called "two Kings temple". Temple in the main sanctuary dedicated has the statue of bing and his son, and treasure water conservancy quotes, poet inscriptions, and so on. FuLong view the heap of the park. Legend bing water conservancy were here when the surrender dragon, existing triple temple and QianDian are neutral during the eastern han dynasty (25-220 AD) the bing stone carving. Inside and weir work statues of the eastern han dynasty, tang dynasty Jin Xian and princess YuZhen relic - fly Long Ding when qingcheng mountain monastery. Peaceful Bridges also known as "peaceful bridge", "bridge". Was built in the song dynasty. In dujiangyan, fish mouth, is known as "five Bridges" in ancient China, is the most typical landscape of dujiangyan. Bridge to raft stone retainer, hanging from a thick bamboo cable cross river on board for the deck, on both sides with bamboo rope to bar, total length of about 500 meters. The late Ming dynasty (17th century AD) was destroyed by fire. Now the bridge concrete pile for cable. Is not only a world-famous dujiangyan water conservancy project in ancient China, is also a famous scenic spot. In 1982, dujiangyan, sichuan qingcheng mountain - dujiangyan scenic area as an important part of it was approved by the state council listed in the first list of state-level scenic spots. On May 8, 20xx, chengdu - dujiangyan qingcheng mountain scenic spots by the national tourism administration approval for the state 5 - tourist scenic spot. According to the UN convention on the protection of world cultural and natural heritage the second paragraph of article 1 of the regulations on cultural heritage definition: "building: from the historical, artistic or scientific perspective in architecture, distributed evenly, or combined with environment landscape has outstanding universal value of monomer or connection of buildings". Dujiangyan water conservancy engineering with a long history, large-scale, layout reasonable, scientific operation, combination, in harmony with the environment in history and science has outstanding universal value, in 20xx the United Nations conference on the world heritage committee the 24th dujiangyan was identified as the world cultural heritage.
都江堰的导游词5
亲爱的游客们,大家好!欢迎大家来到都江堰游览观光。今天,我有幸担任你们的.导游。现在请随我一同出发。请注意:请大家进去后不要乱丢垃圾、践踏花草、随地吐痰。谢谢!
在建堰初期,都江堰名叫“湔堋”,三国时期叫“都安堰”,有名“金堤”,唐代叫“楗尾堰”,到了宋代,才有“都江堰”这个名字。
现在大家请下车,跟我走,前面就是伏龙观。伏龙观是传说中李冰降服孽龙的地方,现在用于祭李冰,伏龙观里现有李冰石像和飞龙鼎。现在,请大家自己参观伏龙观,半个小时后在这里集合。
请大家跟我来,这边是安澜索桥,又被称做夫妻桥,是中国古代五大桥梁之一,始建于宋代,17世纪毁于战火,在清代重建,现在把竹索改成了钢索,木桩改为混凝土桩。刚建桥时,它叫“珠浦桥”,宋代是改名为“评事桥”,直到清代重建时,才改名为“安澜桥”。
请大家跟我上桥,往下看,这河的河床里有四根卧铁,分别是明朝万历四年、清同治三年、民国十六年和1994年埋下的,离堆公园里有它们的复制品展览。
现在大家可以自由活动,可以去离堆公园、药王庙、二王庙游玩,5点正大家在景区门口集合。
都江堰的导游词6
The dujiangyan irrigation project is located in the chengdu plain in sichuan minjiang river on the west side of the western city of dujiangyan, 56 km away from chengdu. Was built in 256 BC, is the warring states period, qin shu satrap bing leads the people to build a large water conservancy projects, up to now still in irrigated farmland, is the well-being of the people of the great water conservancy project. Its is characterized by s long, undammed diversion, is the ancestor of the world water culture. The project is mainly composed of yuzui water-dividing dike, fly sand dam spillway, the three most BaoPingKou inlet and baizhang dike, herringbone dam and other accessory works, scientifically solve the automatic distributary river (the yuzui water-dividing dike allocation water), automatic and sand (second from the yuzui water-dividing dike eight sand), control the water flow (BaoPingKou and fly sand dam), eliminates the floods. The irrigation area of 668700 hectares, 1998 irrigation area has reached more than 40 counties. Consists of feeding hub, dujiangyan irrigation area water diversion channels at all levels, all kinds of engineering buildings and big small and medium-sized reservoirs and rivers of a large engineering system, carrying out the sichuan basin in the central and western regions 7 cities (ground) 36 counties (city, area) more than 10.03 million acres of farmland irrigation, more than 50 key enterprises of chengdu and urban water supply, and flood control, power generation, and floating water, aquatic products, aquaculture, multiple target integrated services such as fruit, tourism, environmental protection, is irreplaceable in sichuan province, the national economic development and water conservancy infrastructure, the size of its irrigation area in the country. Dujiangyan is located in minjiang river alluvial plain of the valley into the river, it irrigation sculling county east of chengdu plain, white on the farmland. Original through the topography of steep hills of the upper reaches of minjiang river, once in the chengdu plain, water speed slow down suddenly, thus placing a lot of sediment and rocks deposited then, siltation of the river. Every rainy season, the minjiang river and other tributaries of the watershed waters often overrun; Rain is insufficient, will cause drought. Long before dujiangyan into 2, three hundred, the ancient shu kingdom cuckoo king for liberal, open a artificial river in the mountain area of minjiang river, minjiang river water into the river, in addition to the damage. , Dujiangyan irrigation area is the most economically developed areas in sichuan province, is the heart of politics, economy and culture in sichuan. "The jie people spirit", history is the "land of abundance" reputation. Irrigation area within the natural landscape, cultural landscape, city huacai and urban scenery, colorful, beautiful. Irrigation and water conservancy, dotted, each exhibition charm, each has its own characteristics, pleasing, "people's canal, DongFengQu, sanhe weir, weir, float water"; the black dragon pool, sancha lake, reservoir, lake ripple twinkling; longquan scored, characterized by open, water rises ". Full irrigation area presents the "long walk on the ground, the Milky Way the sky flow; rainbow valley, the pinghu" grand picture.
都江堰的导游词7
欢迎大家来到这里,下面我来为大家介绍一下!
秦蜀郡太守李冰建堰初期,都江堰名称叫“湔堋”,这是因为都江堰旁的玉垒山,秦汉以前叫“湔山”,而那时都江堰周围的主要居住民族是氐羌人,他们把堰叫做“堋”,所以都江堰就叫“湔堋”。
三国蜀汉时期,都江堰地区设置都安县,因县得名,都江堰称“都安堰”。同时,又叫“金堤”,这是突出鱼嘴分水堤的作用,用堤代堰作名称。
唐代,都江堰改称为“楗尾堰”。因为当时用以筑堤的材料和办法,主要是“破竹为笼,圆径三尺,以石实中,累而壅水”,即用竹笼装石,称为“楗尾”。
直到宋代,在宋史中,才第一次提到都江堰:“永康军岁治都江堰,笼石蛇决江遏水,以灌数郡田。”关于都江这一名称的来源,《蜀水考》说:“府河,一名成都江,有二源,即郫江,流江也。”流江是检江的另一种称呼,成都平原上的府河即郫江,南河即检江,它们的上游,就是都江堰内江分流的柏条河和走马河。《括地志》说:“都江即成都江”。从宋代开始,把整个都江堰水利系统的`工程概括起来,叫都江堰,才较为准确地代表了整个水利工程系统,一直沿用至今。
公元前256年秦昭襄王在位期间,蜀郡郡守李冰率领蜀地各族人民创建了都江堰这项千古不朽的水利工程。都江堰水利工程充分利用当地西北高、东南低的地理条件,根据江河出山口处特殊的地形、水脉、水势,乘势利导,无坝引水,自流灌溉,使堤防、分水、泄洪、排沙、控流相互依存,共为体系,保证了防洪、灌溉、水运和社会用水综合效益的充分发挥。最伟大之处是建堰两千多年来经久不衰,都江堰工程至今犹存。
随着科学技术的发展和灌区范围的扩大,从1936年开始,逐步改用混凝土浆砌卵石技术对渠首工程进行维修、加固,增加了部分水利设施,古堰的工程布局和"深淘滩、低作堰",“乘势利导、因时制宜”,“遇湾截角、逢正抽心”等治水方略没有改变,都江堰以其“历史跨度大、工程规模大、科技含量大、灌区范围大、社会经济效益大”的特点享誉中外、名播遐方,在政治上、经济上、文化上,都有着极其重要的地位和作用。都江堰水利工程成为世界佳水资源利用的典范。
都江堰的导游词8
Dujiangyan is located in the west of dujiangyan city, sichuan province, is located in the minjiang river in the west of the chengdu plain. Dujiangyan water conservancy project was built in 256 BC, is so far, all over the world s most long, the only thing left, is characterized by no dam diversion of water conservancy projects. Is a national key cultural relics protection units. Near dujiangyan, beautiful scenery and numerous cultural relics, there are mainly FuLong view, the two Kings temple, peaceful bridge, which, from the pile of park, which mountain park and lingyan temple, etc. The dujiangyan irrigation project by the creation of yuzui water-dividing dike, fly sand dam spillway, BaoPingKou irrigating gate three main engineering and baizhang dike, herringbone dam and other accessory works. Scientifically solved the automatic water distributary and desilting, control the water flow, flood, eliminates the make western sichuan plain "severe" from the man's "land of abundance". More than two thousand years, has played a flood control and irrigation. By 1998, dujiangyan irrigation area has reached more than 40 counties, irrigated area of 668700 hectares. Fish mouth is built in jiangxin water dam, the minjiang river surge is divided into outer and neijiang, jiang outside having, jiang baopingkou water diversion irrigation. Fly sand dam up xie hong, desilting and adjust the action of water. BaoPingKou control water flow, the shape of the mouth for such as bottlenecks, therefore calls BaoPingKou. In the river after BaoPingKou into the western sichuan plain irrigation farmland. From the hills hill part of truncation, which is called "from the heap.
Dujiangyan water conservancy project makes full use of local geographical conditions of high northwest, southeast low, according to the mountain rivers in special terrain, water vein, water potential, return pattern, no dam diversion, gravity irrigation, the embankment, water, water, sand, curtains on interdependence, for system, to ensure the water flood control, irrigation, water transportation and social comprehensive benefits into full play. After the completion of dujiangyan, the chengdu plain lies thousands of miles, "province.with from people, do not know famine, when no famine," tianfu ". Culture has a great development of the economy in sichuan province. Its greatest dam was built two thousand years enduring, and it plays a more and more big. Dujiangyan to create, in order to does not destroy the natural resources, make full use of natural resources for human services for the premise, change for profit, make the person, the land, water three highly harmonious and unified. Dujiangyan project remain, so far still plays a job. With the enlargement of the scope of the development of science and technology and irrigation area, begin from 1936, gradually switch to slurry concrete build by laying bricks or stones pebble technology of ancient project for repair, reinforcement, add some of the water conservancy facilities, the engineering layout and ancient weir are crowded "deep, low weir tao beach", "return pattern, since the", "cutting Angle, every heart is pumping in bay" and other valuable hasn't changed, dujiangyan water conservancy project to become the world's best model of water resource utilization. Water conservancy experts, after carefully watched the whole project design of its height more than the scientific level of marvel. Such as sand weir design is a good use of the theory of swirling flow. The weir, at ordinary times can be irrigated, flooding can drain into the river, but also the role of sand and gravel, sometimes big stones can roll away from the weir. There were no cement, for such a big engineering is use local materials, using bamboo cages packed pebble as weir, expenses in province, effect is remarkable. Dujiangyan scenic in this area, there are many places of interest, it is an ideal tourist attraction. Dujiangyan one with two Kings temple, FuLong view, peaceful bridge such as places of historic interest. Two Kings temple is located in minjiang river right bank slopes, the former in dujiangyan, a former memory of the king of shu emperor temple, JiJianWu (A.D. 494-498) when the change of si bing and his son, renamed the "chong DE temple". After the song dynasty (960-1279), emperor bing and his son have been ChiFeng is king, so be called "two Kings temple". Temple in the main sanctuary dedicated has the statue of bing and his son, and treasure water conservancy quotes, poet inscriptions, and so on. FuLong view the heap of the park. Legend bing water conservancy were here when the surrender dragon, existing triple temple and QianDian are neutral during the eastern han dynasty (25-220 AD) the bing stone carving. Inside and weir work statues of the eastern han dynasty, tang dynasty Jin Xian and princess YuZhen relic - fly Long Ding when qingcheng mountain monastery. Peaceful Bridges also known as "peaceful bridge", "bridge". Was built in the song dynasty. In dujiangyan, fish mouth, is known as "five Bridges" in ancient China, is the most typical landscape of dujiangyan. Bridge to raft stone retainer, hanging from a thick bamboo cable cross river on board for the deck, on both sides with bamboo rope to bar, total length of about 500 meters. The late Ming dynasty (17th century AD) was destroyed by fire. Now the bridge concrete pile for cable. Is not only a world-famous dujiangyan water conservancy project in ancient China, is also a famous scenic spot. In 1982, dujiangyan, sichuan qingcheng mountain - dujiangyan scenic area as an important part of it was approved by the state council listed in the first list of state-level scenic spots. On May 8, 20xx, chengdu - dujiangyan qingcheng mountain scenic spots by the national tourism administration approval for the state 5 - tourist scenic spot. According to the UN convention on the protection of world cultural and natural heritage the second paragraph of article 1 of the regulations on cultural heritage definition: "building: from the historical, artistic or scientific perspective in architecture, distributed evenly, or combined with environment landscape has outstanding universal value of monomer or connection of buildings". Dujiangyan water conservancy engineering with a long history, large-scale, layout reasonable, scientific operation, combination, in harmony with the environment in history and science has outstanding universal value, in 20xx the United Nations conference on the world heritage committee the 24th dujiangyan was identified as the world cultural heritage.
都江堰的导游词9
著名的古代水利工程都江堰位于四川都江堰市城西,建于公元三世纪,是中国战国时期秦国蜀郡太守李冰及其子率众修建的一座大型水利工程,是全世界至今为止,年代最久、唯一留存、以无坝引水为特征的宏大水利工程,至今仍发挥巨大效益,不愧为文明世界的伟大杰作,造福人民的伟大水利工程,是我国科技史上的一座丰碑。
宝瓶口在是湔山(今名灌口山、玉垒山)伸向岷江的长脊上凿开的一个口子,它是人工凿成控制内江进水的咽喉,利用因它形似瓶口而功能奇特,故名宝瓶口。
李冰父子邀集了许多有治水经验的'农民,对地形和水情作了实地勘察,决心凿穿玉垒山引水。由于当时还未发明火药,李冰便以火烧石,使岩石爆裂,终于在玉垒山凿出了一个宽20公尺,高40公尺,长80公尺的山口。因形状酷似瓶口,故取名“宝瓶口”,把开凿玉垒山分离的石堆叫“离堆”。
鱼嘴分水堤:“鱼嘴”是都江堰的分水工程,因其形如鱼嘴而得名,它昂头于岷江江心,把岷江分成内外二江。西边叫外江,俗称“金马河”,是岷江正流,主要用于排洪;东边沿山脚的叫内江,是人工人工引水渠道,主要用于灌溉。
飞沙堰溢洪道:“泄洪道”具有泄洪徘砂的显著功能,故又叫它“飞沙堰”。飞沙堰是都江堰三大件之一,看上去十分平凡,其实它的功用非常之大,可以说是确保成都平原不受水灾的关键要害。飞沙堰的作用主要是当内江的水量超过宝瓶口流量上限时,多余的水便从飞沙堰自行溢出;如遇特大洪水的非常情况,它还会自行溃堤,让大量江水回归岷江正流。另一作用是“飞沙”,岷江从万山丛中急驰而来,挟着大量泥沙、石块,如果让它们顺内江而下,就会淤塞宝瓶口和灌区。古时飞沙堰,是用竹笼卵石堆砌的临时工程;如今已改用混凝土浇铸,以保一劳永逸的功效。
宝瓶口:宝瓶口起"节制闸"作用,能自动控制内江进水量,是湔山(今名灌口山、玉垒山)伸向岷江的长脊上凿开的一个口子,它是人工凿成控制内江进水的咽喉,因它形似瓶口而功能奇持,故名宝瓶口。留在宝瓶口右边的山丘,因与其山体相离,故名离堆。离堆在开凿宝瓶口以前,是湔山虎头岩的一部分。由于宝瓶口自然景观瑰丽,有“离堆锁峡”之称,属历史上著名的“灌阳十景”之一。
都江堰的导游词10
都江堰熊猫乐园景区是世界唯一的大熊猫救护与疾病防控研究的专业机构,占地760亩。有大熊猫疾病防控研究区,救护隔离检疫区,康复训练区,公众教育区,办公区和自然景观区等7个功能区组成,可满足40多只大熊猫的救护,饲养管理需要。
其中大熊猫康复训练区,公众教育区和自然景观区约500亩的范围面向观众开放,开展公众教育。
现有的基地绿树成荫,翠竹葱茏,鸟语花香,空气清新。整个基地参照国家绿色三星标准设计,建筑与自然环境巧妙融合,为大熊猫创造了一个良好的'生活环境。
都江堰的导游词11
各位游客:
欢迎各位来到在世界都享有盛名的都江堰景区。我是xxX旅行社派出的导游xx大家可以叫我小X。很高兴今天可以为大家服务!记得当代著名诗人余秋雨曾说过,拜水都江堰,问道青城山!可见都江堰在水利工程里面的地位非同一般。
都江堰的创建,充分利用自然资源为人类服务为前提,变害为利,使人、地、水三者高度协合统一,是全世界迄今为止仅存的一项伟大的“生态工程”。我们进入都江堰景区,首先来到的是离堆公园。公园大门对联:“完神禹斧椎功,陆海无双,河渠大书秦受惠;揽全蜀山水秀,导江第一,名园生色华阳篇”。上联说,誉称“陆海”的天府,盖世无双,归功于李冰太守,他接过大禹的神斧仙椎,完成了伟大的都江堰水利工程;下联说,总揽蜀中名山秀水,都江堰市第一,这离堆公园就是其中增色添彩的一处。
宝瓶口
下面我们看到的就是宝瓶口,作为都江堰水利工程的三大主体工程之一,宝瓶口主要用于引流入渠。在公元225年,当时只有开凿玉垒山,打通宝瓶口才能把岷江水引入成都平原。利用火烧水,浇岩石的方法。就这样,整整用了八年的时间,一个宽20米,深40米,长80米的口子终于烧了出来,而被凿开的山丘就是我们今天看到的离堆公园了。宝瓶口是内江水进入成都平原的咽喉,犹如瓶口一样,严格控制着江水进人成都平原的流量,对成都平原的农业、灌溉、防洪、等都产生了特大效益。大家看到的宝瓶口旁的这小山叫离堆。选择在宝瓶口位置开凿离堆是极其科学的。它使内江水经过一段流程后水势便于控制,水质进一步澄清,然后被迎面独立的离堆顶托江水,创造了飞沙堰泄洪排沙的功能和宝瓶口的瓶颈效用。保证了成都平原的防洪和灌溉。所以说,在宝瓶口位置开凿离堆,决定了整个渠首工程的布局。两千多年前的李冰能利用岷江和玉垒山的山形水势,设计出这样妙绝古今的水利枢纽工程,是何等的了不起!我们应该为这个水利工程感到自豪!
飞沙堰
现在大家看到的这个有点倾斜的堤坝就是飞沙堰。飞沙堰是都江堰水利工程的第二个主体工程,这堰修在离堆之侧,是一道低坝,堰顶距河床仅2.15米。它的主要功能是为内江泄洪排沙。从鱼嘴分进的内江水,被离堆一顶,自然旋流起来,每当夏秋之季水流量大于宝瓶口的可流量时,宝瓶口不能通过的水,主要从飞沙堰泄出,而且旋流所泛起的泥沙也就从飞沙堰一齐流出去。“飞沙”二字的意思就在于不仅溢洪还能排沙。特大洪水时,从鱼嘴分进内江总干渠的流量可达宝瓶口流量的四倍。75%的内江水可从这里泄出。当枯水季节,水位低于飞沙堰时,它便成了一道天然节制闸,保证了成都平原的灌溉。资料还表明,在飞沙堰第二次利用弯道流体力学原理,排走江水含沙量的约15%。鱼嘴已排沙80%,流向成都平原的水流含沙量就只占5%左右了。
鱼嘴
走过金刚堤,我们现在所处的位置就是鱼嘴了。鱼嘴是都江堰工程的主体部分。站在鱼嘴的坝口,看岷江迎面而来,经鱼嘴一隔分为两股,即外江和内江。鱼嘴就是分水堤的`头,为什么要修在这里呢?起多大作用呢?这就要回到二王庙石崖上刻的“分四六、平潦旱”的两句话上了。
鱼嘴主要起分水作用。由于这段河道的河床外高内低,再加上正有一个弯道,所以鱼嘴分水后在春耕季节江水流量较小时,主流就有约六成的水进入内江,首先保证了成都平原的农业灌溉用水。洪水季节,流量急增,水位大幅度提高,水势受河床弯道的制约明显减少,再由于外江一侧江面较宽,内江—侧江面较窄,内江的流量会自动低于外江,进水约四成,这样又在很大程度上解决了成都平原的防洪难题。这种功用便是二王庙三字经中所说的“分四六、平潦旱”。鱼嘴还具有一定的排沙排石功能;岷江是长江最大的支流之—,它发源于我省松潘县境内,每年大量的沙石顺流而下,根据弯道环流原理,江水在弯道产生的漩流,会将下层的沙石卷到水流上层,大部分便自动被带入外江一边而不进内江。鱼嘴正处于“正面取水”“侧面排沙”的理想位置。80%的沙石从这里排走,大大减少了内江淤塞之害。
现在的鱼嘴已是钢筋混凝土建筑,在从前它可是土石做基,用卵石竹笼护堤。造成了坚固耐冲又不积水的堤坝。
今天我们看起来,其实正印证了—句“伟大出于平凡”的格言。都江堰渠首工程蕴涵着极大的科学性,其设计和建造所体现的认识自然和利用自然的水平之高,即使是二千多年后的今天,仍然可以称之为最高水平的成就。
现在大家可以随意拍照留念,注意不要翻越护栏,照顾好小孩。14:30我们在旁边的安澜索桥入口处集合,继续接下来的行程。
都江堰的导游词12
Each friend everybody is good! The ancestor of dujiangyan is known as "world water conservancy culture", is the national famous tourist resort. Today, the small dream to accompany you swim with dujiangyan,understand the water conservancy project, I wish you all a good sleep and eat good drink for fun.
Dujiangyan is located in the town of dujiangyan irrigation mouth chengdu city, sichuan province, is China construction in the ancient and use of large water conservancy project so far. Dujiangyan is the qi shu satrap bing and his son built leads in about 265 AD, is the world so far, s the longest, the only thing left, is characterized by no dam diversion of water conservancy project. Two lang absolute being is known to all, er lang shen bing is son, because bing no children, the legend. Built in memory of father and son, we are next to the two Kings temple, watching dujiangyan best lookout points. Today, we come to a reverse thinking - walk backwards. Dujiangyan, mainly divides into three parts, the fish mouth, fly sand dam and BaoPingKou, today, we from fish mouth at first.
Yuzui water-dividing dike is also called "fish mouth", is named for its shape like a crocodile mouth, head on jiangxin of minjiang river, minjiang river canbe divided into internal and external liangjiang, east of neijiang for irrigation farmland, on the west side of the outer river is used to having. Fish mouth has two main functions: water, the second eight sand. Two eight refers to the sediment deposition in the riverbed sand stone after fish mouth of neat rows of small stone, and outside the river sand (eighty percent), inner river sand (twenty percent). In this way, the water irrigation farmland would be very clear, because most of the sediment has been outside the river walk. Allocation water varies depending on the season, look at a few small island, next to the winter spring river is dry, the wind flow by several small islands in the "S" type, make its mainstream straight at neijiang, neijiang about water inflow, outside Jiang Jin. 4 into water; The surge of the summer rain, water level rises, the water is influenced by the island, no longer the mainstream straight at the river, the proportion of the internal and external jiang river will be automatically reversed: inner river, into the water about 4 aboutJiang Jin water outside. Is such "fish mouth", ensure the local people in the mutagenicity of farmland and people's life in the use of water, in flood period to prevent the onset of flooding, really. , of course, there are few small islands and baizhang dike, abatis, Jin Gangdi assistance, "fish mouth" could not complete the task perfectly, it also tells us that in life, we also need friends helping each other.
Now we ran down a stand - fly sand dam spillway. Fly sand dam with xie hong, desilting and adjust the significant function of water, mainly in the flood will BaoPingKou redundant outside the inner river water to the river, if there are any flooding, it will own levee breaches, let the water flow into the spillway, make a lot of regression of minjiang river flow, to ensure that people in chengdu is not affected by the flood disasters. The second function is desilting, when water gallop, due to centrifugal force formed by the vortex, the sediment or washed up, or to the spillway, the excess of sediment discharge intothe river. Ancient sand dam, it is to use bamboo cage gravel pile of temporary works; Now switch to concrete casting, in order to protect the effect of once and for all.
The following is our last stop -- BaoPingKou.
BaoPingKou named after the deep image vase, "gate" role, can automatically control the neijiang into the water, is extended to the minjiang river Jian long ridge chisel open a hole, it is cut to artificial control the baopingkou water throat. BaoPingKou water will be split in two, two into four, four are divided into eight... Plain to irrigation, to each to each. In other words, if BaoPingKou stuck on, 60% of people in chengdu will have no water to drink. So BaoPingKou and fly sand dam is a "gang of aggravation" good brothers.
Dujiangyan is composed of three major water conservancy project, if think dujiangyan as a fish, so the fish's head is "fish mouth", fly sand dam are the body of the fish, and BaoPingKou, is the tail of the fish. All, chengdu; River, minjiang river; Weir, dam.
This is the origin of the name, dujiangyan, I hope you remember this "the ancestor of water conservancy project".
Don't know you had open not happy? After a play,everyone "goo goo" called the belly, now we are heading for food army!
都江堰的导游词13
各位朋友:
您们知道吗?四川到底拥有的自然和文化旅游资源主要有哪些?
大熊猫——我国国宝和世界动物保护的标志
九寨沟、黄龙——占我国三个世界自然遗产中的两个
乐山、峨眉山——占我国三个世界自然和文化双重遗产中的一个。
另外,还拥有:
国家级和省级历史文化名城31座; 全国重点文物保护单位和省级文物保护单位30个;
国家级和省级森林公园61个。
国家级和省级自然保护区37个。
国家级风景名胜区9个,占全国的7.5%;省级风景名胜区数量在全国列第一位。
各位朋友,我们的旅游车沿着蜀都大道由东向西行驶,经过羊市街西沿线,它是我们成都市的饮食文化一条街,道路的两旁汇集了中国的四大菜系,如川菜、鲁菜、粤菜、淮扬菜及海外如日本、欧美风格的餐馆,近年又有许多如东北菜、湘菜及四川特色火锅酒楼应运而生,点缀出成都市区一幅幅亮丽的风景画。我们路经这里,可以先饱眼福,有机会等我们旅游返回成都时再来一饱口福,细细地品味其中博大精深的风味与文化底蕴。现在请允许我向各位朋友介绍一下成都,成都市是一座旅游城市。成都是一座具有2300多年历史的文化古城。曾有7个政权在此建都,其中较有影响力的是三国时期的刘备蜀汉政权,明末张献忠的大西政权等。成都有一座中国独具特色的君臣合庙的建筑物武侯祠,是纪念刘备与诸葛亮等杰出人物的纪念地。
成都人口约近1 仟万,市区人口约4佰万,八区十二个县市。面积约1万2仟6 佰平方公里。成都有多大呢?我打个比方,两个成都市的面积相当于中国的海南省,三个成都市的面积相当于中国的台湾省,海拔约400—500米,年平均气温摄氏15—16度,成都有三个别名,一个秦代时期一度叫"龟城。;二个是西汉时得名的"锦城"又名
"锦官城";三个是五代后蜀时得名的'"芙蓉城"。成都自古名声在外,在唐朝时,成都商贾云集,经济贸易集中发这,曾被称为 "扬一益二"。成都有几个世界之最,如秦代都江堰水利工程是世界上最古老的水利工程之一,现在仍然发挥着巨大的作用,造福于人民。如汉代时邛崃的火井是世界上最早发现的火井。在宋代成都发明的"交子",是世界上最早流通的纸货币之一。成都有中国之最,如汉代时蜀郡太守文翁造石室创办了最早的官办学校。
都江堰的导游词14
青城道温泉依山而建,错落雅致,返朴求真,占地60余亩,是青城山首种保健疗效,是典型的碳酸盐泉。家以养生、健康为主题的大型温泉休闲会所。它攫取地层深处的优质矿泉,常年出水温度42℃左右,选用奥运水立方O3高纯度水处理系统,循环过滤、杀菌、消毒,水质纯净,富含十多种对人体有益的矿物质,无色无味,具有改善心血管功能,降血压,治疗皮肤病、糖尿病、痛风、肥胖症等。
传说中太阳洗浴的地方,由五星级青城(豪生)国际酒店20xx年末钜献,位于青城山前山新山门对面。温泉攫取青城山地层深处优质矿泉,以奥运水立方选用的高纯度水过滤技术,打造60余亩全生态有水休闲、养生为一体的休闲养生大型温泉。温泉依山而建,全天然奇石造就了自然野趣,数十亩名木与青城山幽绿浑然一体,吐纳青城气息,享受自然温暖。特设大型室内恒温景观汤池,生态、休闲,情趣无限;专辟50座全生态露天泉池,根据科学康疗和养生原理,提供36℃—42℃不同水温,营造不同风格和养生效果的私密个性空间。
青城道温泉设350平方米室内景观汤池、40余座全生态露天汤池、4幢VIP温泉别墅。特设高级水疗、传统足道、道家木桶药浴、牛奶浴、玫瑰花浴、牡丹花浴、茉莉花浴、户外森林SPA、地暖肩颈舒压等养生服务项目。问道青城山,养生道温泉。青城道温泉将优美的园林风光、浓郁的道家养生文化和五星级酒店的服务融为一体,是您养生、度假、休闲的理想之地。
四川省都江堰宝瓶口。宝瓶口在是前山(今名灌口山、玉垒山)伸向岷江的长脊上凿开的一个口子,它是人工凿成控制内江进水的咽喉,因它形似瓶口而功能奇特,故名宝瓶口。
著名的古代水利工程都江堰位于四川都江堰市城西,建于公元三世纪,是中国战国时期秦国蜀郡太守李冰及其子率众修建的一座大型水利工程,是全世界至今为止,年代最久、唯一留存、以无坝引水为特征的宏大水利工程,至今仍发挥巨大效益,不愧为文明世界的.伟大杰作,造福人民的伟大水利工程,是我国科技史上的一座丰碑。
宝瓶口起"节制闸"作用,能自动控制内江进水量,是前山(今名灌口山、玉垒山)伸向岷江的长脊上凿开的一个口子,它是人工凿成控制内江进水的咽喉,因它形似瓶口而功能奇持,故名宝瓶口。留在宝瓶口右边的山丘,因与其山体相离,故名离堆。离堆在开凿宝瓶口以前,是湔山虎头岩的一部分。由于宝瓶口自然景观瑰丽,有“离堆锁峡”之称,属历史上著名的“灌阳十景”之一。
都江堰的导游词15
the dujiangyan dam, 45km north of chengdu, is an ancient technological plete the project to check the mingjiang river.for many years the river,flooded the chengdu agricultural area and local farmers suffered a lot from the atically diverts the mingjiang river and channels it into irrigation canals. for many years the dam has continued to make the most of the the main stream. during the dry season the fence doesn't e stone tablets, atically this project.
not far from the dujiang dam, a daoist temple complex memorate the benevolent rule of li bing and his son li bing,"when the river flows in zigzags, cut a straight channel. when the riverbeb is wide and shallow, dig it deeper." the temple which is built near the mountaintop, is a popular stopping place for sightseers. there one can enjoy a unique view of the most modern parts of the water conservation project.
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