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2024年8月托福考试阅读理解全真试题（上）
在平平淡淡的日常中，我们会经常接触并使用试题，试题是考核某种技能水平的标准。一份好的试题都是什么样子的呢？以下是小编整理的2024年8月托福考试阅读理解全真试题（上），仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。
the space shuttle columbia flared and broke up in the skies over texas on saturday, february 1,2003, killing the seven astronauts on board in what nasa and president bush called a tragedy for the entire nation. nasa launched an investigation into the disaster and began searching for the astronauts remains. it said that although there had been some data failures it was too early to nail down a precise cause. the break-up, 16 minutes before the shuttle was due to land at kennedy space center in florida, spread possibly toxic debris(有毒的残骸) over a wide swath of texas and neighboring states.
dramatic television images of the shuttles descent clearly showed several white trails(痕迹) streaking through blue skies after the shuttle suddenly fell apart. it was almost 17 years to the day that the challenger shuttle exploded on jan. 28, 1986, killing all seven astronauts on board.
take-off and re-entry into earths atmosphere are the most dangerous parts of a space mission. in 42 years of us human space flight, there had never been an accident in the descent to earth or landing. challenger exploded just after take-off.
rescue teams scrambled to search for the remains of the crew, which included the first israeli to fly on the shuttle,former combat pilot col. ilan ramon. there were warnings that parts of a vast 120-mile-long corridor of debris could be toxic because of poisonous rocket propellant(推进器).
"we are not ready to confirm that we have found any human remains," nacogdoches county sheriff thomas kerrs said. he added that among the roughly 1,000 calls reporting debris, some people said they found remains of crew members.
"the columbia is lost. there are no survivors, …their mission wasalmost complete and we lost them so close to home. … americas space program will go on," said a grim-faced bush in a message broadcast on television, which included condolences to the families of the dead astronauts.
1. the word “descent” in the passage means ________.
a. taking off b. landing c. orbiting d. walking down
2. which is true of the israeli astronaut ilan ramon?
a. he was the first israeli astronaut to fly on the shuttle.
b. he was the first foreign astronaut to fly on the american shuttle.
c. he used to be a passenger plane pilot.
d. he was the only survivor in the columbia disaster.
3. the columbia disaster and the challenger disaster were similar in that ________.
a. there were seven astronauts killed on board
b. both the shuttles exploded when they took off
c. both the shuttles exploded when they were about to land
d. no human remains were found
4. which of the following is wrong according to the news?
a. the u.s.a. will give up the space program because of the accident.
b. nasa hasn’t found the cause of the columbia disaster.
c. before the columbia disaster, no shuttles had exploded in the course of landing.
d. take-off and re-entry into earths atmosphere are the most dangerous parts of a space mission.
【答案解析】
本文讲述了美国航天飞机“哥伦比亚”号失事的情况。
1. b。词义推测题。可以参见第三段第二句中的in the decent to earth，其后or landing 即是对 descent解释。
2. a。细节题。从 …which included the first israeli to fly on the shuttle,former combat pilot col. ilan ramon 中可以知道，ilan ramon. 是以色列第一位乘坐航天飞机的宇航员。
3. a。推断题。要求你找出这两起灾难的共同点。从文中可以了解到两起灾难都有7位宇航员丧生。“挑战者”号是在升空时失事的，而“哥伦比亚”号是在返回地面的过程中失事的，故可排除b 和 c。而选项 d 与原文不符，故选 a。
4. a。判断题。根据…americas space program will go on 我们可以知道选项 a 明显错误。而选项b、c、d均与原文相符。
托福考试阅读理解难句讲解
task 1
托福阅读长难句：
But we need to be aware that when painters working in a naturalistic style make images that seem like untouched snapshots of actual objects, their skill can also render lifelike such fictions as a unicorn or a dragon.
托福阅读长难句难点：
大量生词+倒装+抽象语义的对应
托福阅读长难句解析：
首先扫清词汇问题：snapshots快抓照片，render导致…,使…呈现出…，fiction此处不能理解为“小说”，应结合语境取“虚构”之意，unicorn独角兽。最大难点在“render lifelike such fictions”这个倒装结构的处理，这是将宾语补足语lifelike提前，正常语序为“render such fictions lifelike”，即“使得这些虚构看起来栩栩如生”。(在1.7考试解析中也出现该考点)。
另外，注意整句话前后的转折对应上，“untouched snapshots of actual objects”与“lifelike such fictions as a unicorn or a dragon”是最大的对应，其中“actual objects(真实物体)”又与“fictions，unicorn，dragon(虚构，独角兽，龙)”对应。
托福阅读长难句翻译，“但是我们需要意识到：当致力于写实主义风格的画家画出似乎看起来未经过任何改动的快照一样的真实物体的绘画时，他们的(这种写实主义)技艺也能够使得这些类似独角兽和龙一样的虚构物体看起来栩栩如生。”
这里透露出作者对写实主义双刃剑效果的警惕，写实主义既可以如实反映真实世界，也可以将虚假世界描绘的以假乱真。
task 2
From an artist’s point of view, Hockney observed that a camera obscura compresses the complicated forms of a three-dimensional scene into two-dimensional shapes that can easily be traced and also increases the contrast between light and dark,leading to the chiaroscuro effect seen in many of these paintings. (TPO44, 48)
chiaroscuro /k,ɑrskro/ n. 明暗对照法;对比法
大家自己先读，不回读，看一遍是否能理解
(From an artist’s point of view), Hockney observed that a camera obscura compresses the complicated forms of a three-dimensional scene into two-dimensional shapes (that can easily be traced) and also increases the contrast between light and dark, (leading to the chiaroscuro effect) (seen in many of these paintings. )(TPO44, 48)
托福阅读长难句100句分析：
这个句子的主干：
Hockney observed that…
从句中是一个并列结构：a camera obscura compresses…and also increases…
修饰一：(From an artist’s point of view) ，介词短语
中文：从艺术家的观点来看
修饰二：(that can easily be traced) ，从句
中文：很容易被追踪
修饰三：(leading to the chiaroscuro effect) ，非谓语动词
中文：产生了明暗效果
修饰四：(seen in many of these paintings.) ，非谓语动词
中文：在很多这类画中可以被看见
托福阅读长难句100句参考翻译：
从艺术家的观点来看，Hockney观察到暗箱可以将复杂的三维场景压制成易于捕捉的二维图像，并增加光与影之间的反差，从而产生了在很多这类画中可以看见的明暗效果。
这个句子的主要修饰成分就是非谓语动词、介词和从句，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构。
看明白之后，别只看一遍，给我看几十遍!!没事就拿出来欣赏欣赏，直到你想吐为止。
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