英语语法知识点合集（15篇）
上学的时候，说到知识点，大家是不是都习惯性的重视？知识点有时候特指教科书上或考试的知识。还在苦恼没有知识点总结吗？下面是小编精心整理的英语语法知识点，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。
英语语法知识点1
第一、学习英语的窍门之一就是要经常的听，不断的听英语，这个听是有选择性的，特别是有代表性的专业朗读的英语，最好是考试的听力练习的英语必须要听进去。
第二、我们要学习好英语主要要学习的是词汇，你自己的词汇量越大，就学习的越好，所以我们要多背，大家一定要知道单词是基础，我们一定要坚持背单词，扩大词汇量，
特别是一些语言的特殊词汇。
第三、敢于开口说英语，这是一个必须学英语的人要做到的事情，因为开口说英语的时候，你会得到口齿的锻炼，同时你的头脑也会不断的进行词语的组合，这样会起到很好的.效果。
第四、如果我们是学生的话需要掌握各种题型，而且要经常的写，英语作文也必须要练，而且要尽量的多写，特别是我们最好坚持每天用英语写一篇日记，这样对于英语的巩固有很好的作用。
第五、我们善于利用各种不同的网络英语工具，特别是一些读写的软件，这类软件的使用会提高我们的词汇量和听读能力，在很大程度上为我们的英语水平的提高打好基础。
英语语法知识点2
┃陈述句┃ 陈述句是用于陈述事实和观点的句子。包括肯定结构和否定结构。肯定句变否定句的基本方法如下：
1．be 动词的否定式：在be动词后面加否定词not。如：We aren't classmates. 我们不是同学。
2．情态动词的否定式：在情态动词后面直接加否定词not。如： I can't speak English well. 我英语说得不好。
3．实义动词的否定式：借助助动词do/ does构成。一般现在时的句子结构为：主语＋doesn't/don't ＋动词原形＋其他。如：He doesn't do exercise every day.他不是每天锻炼。
┃疑问句┃ 疑问句的主要交际功能是提出问题，询问情况。分为一般疑问句、选择疑问句、特殊疑问句和反意疑问句。
1．一般疑问句：通常用来询问一件事情是否属实。答句通常是“Yes”或“No”。如： ―Are you tired? ―Yes, I am.“你累吗？”“是的，我累。”
2．选择疑问句：指提出两个或两个以上可能的答案供对方选择。如： Shall we go home or stay here for the night? 我们回家还是待在这里过夜？
3．特殊疑问句：以疑问词开头，对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。如： What do you like most? 你最喜欢什么？
4．反意疑问句：反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句，由两部分组成，前一部分是对事物的陈述 即陈述句 ，后一部分是简短的提问 即简短疑问句 ，中间用逗号隔开。要遵循“前否后肯”、“前肯后否”的原则，且两部分的人称和时态要一致。
（1）陈述部分为Let us?时，问句部分习惯上用“will you？”； 陈述部分为Let‘s?时，问句部分习惯上用“shall we？”如： Let us go to the cinema, will you? Let’s go to the cinema, shall we?
（2）陈述部分为“There Here ＋ be ＋ 主语”时，问句部分用“动词＋there here ？”形式。如： There are two cakes on the plate, aren't there?
（3） 反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom等否定意义的词时，问句部分用肯定式。如： She seldom goes swimming, does she?
（4） 陈述部分的主语为指物的不定代词时，问句部分的主语用it。如： Something is wrong with the computer, isn't it?
（5）陈述部分的主语为指人的不定代词时，问句部分的`主语用he或 they，这时问句动词的数应和he或 they一致。如： Someone is knocking at the door, isn't he?
（6） 反意疑问句的陈述部分为“I We don‘t think believe, suppose, consider ＋ that从句”时，问句部分的动词和主语仍与that从句保持一致且用肯定式。如： I don't think that he has finished the work on time, has he?
（7）反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由un-， im-， in-， dis-等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时，陈述部分要视为肯定含义，问句部分用否定形式。如：It is unfair, isn't it?
（8） 陈述部分为肯定的祈使句时，反意疑问句部分可用will you/ won't you; 陈述部分为否定的祈使句时，反意疑问句部分只能用will you。 如： Don't make any noise, will you?
┃祈使句┃ 祈使句是表示请求、命令、劝告、祝愿或建议的句子。否定式是直接在动词原形前加don't。
常见的祈使句的基本句型如下：
1．动词原形＋其他。 如： Be careful.
2．Do ＋动词原形 加强语气 。如： Do be careful next time.
3．加please的祈使句 表示更加客气和礼貌 。如： Open the door, please.
┃感叹句┃ 感叹句一般用来表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感。英语感叹句常用what或how引导，句末用感叹号。
1．what引导的感叹句。
（1）What＋a/an＋形容词＋单数可数名词 ＋主语＋谓语 ！如：What a difficult question it is!
（2） What＋形容词＋复数可数名词/不可数名词 ＋主语＋谓语 ！如：What useful information!
2．how引导的感叹句。
（1） How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语！如： How kind they are!
（2） How＋陈述句 主语＋谓语 ！如： How time flies!
（3）what引导的感叹句可以和how引导的感叹句互换。如： What a good girl! ＝ How good the girl is!
┃倒装句┃
1．副词位于句首时。here, there, now, then等副词置于句首时，谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。这种倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。如： Here he comes. 他来了。
2．only在句首强调状语。如： Only then did he realize that he was wrong.到那时他才意识到他错了。
3．以so/neither/nor开头的句子。 此句型说明前面的内容也适用于后者，用倒装句“so/neither/nor＋be/助动词/情态动词＋主语”。如： John can't swim, neither can I.
英语语法知识点3
1.宾语从句
2.现在完成时
3.一般过去时与现在完成时的用法比较：
【名师讲解】
1. Maybe/ may be
(1) maybe是副词，意思是“大概，也许”，常用作状语。
Maybe you put it in your bag.也许你把它放在包里了。
“Will he come tomorrow?”“Maybe not.” “他明天来吗?”“也许不”。
(2) may be相当于是情态动词may与be动词搭配一起作谓语，意思是“也许是…，可能是…”。
It may be 9:00 when they arrive.他们可能于九点到达。
The man may be a lawyer.那人也许是律师。
2. borrow/ lend/ keep/ use
(1) borrow表示的是从别人那里借来东西，即我们通常所说的“借进来”。
We often borrow books from our school library.我们经常从学校图书馆借书。
I borrowed this dictionary from my teacher.我从老师那儿借来了这本字典。
borrow是一个瞬间完成的动作，因此不能与时间段连用。
You can borrow my recorder for three days. (错误)
I have borrowed this book for only one week. (错误)
(2) lend表示的是把自己的东西借给别人，即我们通常所说的“借出去”。
Thank you for lending me your bike.谢谢你把自行车借给我。
He often lends money to his brother.他经常借钱给他弟弟。
lend与borrow一样，也是一个瞬间完成的动作，不能与一段时间连用。
(3) keep的意思也是“借”，但一般是指借来后的保存或使用阶段，是一段持续的时间，因此可以与时
间段连用。
You can keep my recorder for three days.我的录音机你可以借用三天。
I have kept this book for only one week.这本书我才刚借了一星期。
(4) use也可以当“借用”讲，但它的本意是“用，使用”。
May I use your ruler?我能借你的尺子用一下吗?
He had to use this public telephone.他不得不使用这部公用电话。
3. leave/ leave for
(1) leave意思是“离开，留下”。
We left Shanghai two years ago.我们两年前离开了上海。
He left his cell phone in the taxi last week.他上周把手机落在出租车里了。
(2) leave for意思是“前往”，表示要去的目的地。
We will leave for Tibet next month.我们将于下月去西藏。
The train is leaving for Moscow.这趟火车即将开往莫斯科。
4. since/ for
(1) since用于完成时态，既能用作介词，也能用作连词，后常接时间点，意思是“自从”。
He has been a worker since he came into this city.
自从他来到这个城市，他就是工人了。
I have never seen him since we last met in Shanghai .
自从我们上次在上海见过之后，我再也没见过他。
since作连词，还有“既然”的意思。
Since you are interested in it, just do it.既然你对它感兴趣，那就做吧。
You can have fun now since you’ve finished your work.
既然你已经做完了功课，就开心玩会儿吧。
(2) for用于完成时，用作介词，后常接一段时间，意思是“经过…”。
I have learned English for five years.我已经学了五年英语了。
They have waited for you for 30 minutes.他们已经等了你三十分钟了。
for也可以用作连词，但意思是“因为”。
They missed the flight for they were late.他们由于完到了而误了航班。
He fell ill for many reasons.他由于多种原因病倒了。
9. except/ besides
(1) except是指不包括后面所提人或物在内的“除了”，可以理解为“撇开…不谈”,表示两部分的不同。
Everyone is excited except me.
除我以外的每个人都很激动。(他们激动，而我却不激动)
All the visitors are Japanese except him.
除他以外的所有游客都是日本人。(其他人是日本人，可他不是)
(2)besides是包括后面所提人或物在内的“除了”，可以理解为“除之外…还、除之外…又”，表示两部分的相似性。
Twenty-five students went to the cinema besides him.
除他以外，还有25个学生去看了电影。(他和另外25人都去了)
We like biology besides English.
除了英语外，我们还喜欢生物。(生物和英语都喜欢)
besides还可用作副词，意思是“此外;而且”，常用于句首或句尾。
He is a great thinker, and besides, he is a politician.
他是一名伟大的思想家，除此以外，他还是一位政治家。
They encouraged me, and they supported me with money, besides.
他们不仅鼓励我，而且与我以金钱上的支持。
10. keep doing/ keep on doing
(1) keep doing指的'是连续地、坚持不断地做某事，中间不间断。
It kept blowing for a whole day.刮了一整天风了。
The temperature keeps dropping.温度持续下降。
(2) keep on doing是指反复坚持做某事，但动作之间略有间隔。
They have kept on writing to each other for many years.他们已经互相通信多年了。
After drinking some water, he kept on talking.喝了一些水后，他坚持讲话。
11. seem/ look
(1) seem一般着重于以客观迹象为依据，意思是“似乎、好象、看起来…”。
The baby seems to be happy.婴儿看上去似乎很高兴。
He seemed to be sorry for that.他似乎为那件事感到抱歉。
seem能与to do结构连用，而look不能。
It seems to rain.似乎要下雨了。
They seemed to have finished their work.他们似乎已经完成了工作。
在it作形式主语的句型中只能用seem。
It seems that he is quite busy now.他现在看起来很忙。
It seems to us that there is nothing serious.在我看来没什么大不了的。
(2) look用作“看起来;好像”时，常从物体的外观或样貌上来判断，是以视觉所接受的印象为依据的。
The room looks clean.这间房看起来很干净。
The girl looks like her mother.那女孩看起来向她的妈妈。
12. such/ so
(1)such常用作形容词，用来修饰名词。
Don’t be such a fool.别这么傻。
He is such a clever boy.他是如此聪明的一个男孩。
(2) so是副词，用来修饰形容词或副词。
He is so kind!他真好心!
Why did you come so late?你为何回来得如此晚?
当名词前有many, much, few, little等表示多、少时，应该用so。
He has so many friends.他有如此多的朋友。
Only so little time is left!才剩这么一点儿时间!
13. either/ too/ also
(1)either用作“也”时是副词，常用于否定句句尾。
She is not a Japanese, I’m not, either.她不是日本人，我也不是。
My sister doesn’t like this song, either.我妹妹也不喜欢这首歌。
(2)too常用于肯定句或疑问句尾，表示“也”。
He likes China, too.他也喜欢中国。
Are you in Grade 3, too?你也在三年级吗?
(3)also也常用于肯定句或疑问句，但一般位于句中。
We are also students.我们也是学生。
He also went there on foot.他也是走着去的。
Did you also want to have a look?你也想看看吗?
英语语法知识点4
关于一般过去时的语法：
1、一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。
2、Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：⑴am和is在一般过去时中变为was。(wasnot=wasn’t)⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。(werenot=weren’t)⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am,are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。
3、句中没有be动词的一般过去时的.句子否定句：didn’t +动词原形，如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?如：What did Jim do yesterday?⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式?如：Whowent to home yesterday?
一般现在时语法解析：
1、经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。
时间状语：every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday
I leave home for school at 7 every morning.
2、客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。
The earth moves around the sun.
Shanghai lies in the east of China.
3、表示格言或警句中。
Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。
注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
例：Columbus proved that the earth is round..
4、现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。
I don't want so much.
Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.
【比较】
1、Now I put the sugar in the cup.
2、I am doing my homework now.
现在进行时：表示现在正在进行的动作。
构成：主语+be动词+动词的现在分词+其它成分
We are having lunch.
He is reading a book.
The dog is running after a cat.
The boys are swimming across the river.
★变疑问句将be动词移到句首
Are we having lunch?
Is he reading a book?
Is the dog running after a cat?
Are the boys swimming across the river?
★变否定句在be动词后面加not
We are not having lunch.
He is not reading a book.
The dog is not running after a cat.
The boys are swimming across the river.
★特殊疑问句：what, which, how, where, who, etc.
疑问词+动词+主语+现在分词
What are you doing?
What is she doing?
What is the dog doing?
没有进行时的动词(必背)
表示状态，思想，感情和感觉的动词不能表示正在进行的动作
1.表示感觉，感官的词
see, hear, like, love, want,
2. have, has当拥有讲时没有进行时
英语语法知识点5
一、一般现在时：
（1、现在的状态。2、经常或习惯性动作。3、主语所具备的性格和能力。4、真理。）1、标志：often（经常）,usually（通常）,sometimes（有时）,always（总是）,never（从不）,onSundays（在星期天）,everyday/month/year（每一天/月/年）2、结构：（1）主语+连系动词be(am/is/are)+名词/形容词/数词/介词短语/副词等做表语表状态（包括Therebe+n.）练习：1.I______(be)astudent.Myname_____(be)Tom.2.Where_____(be)myshoes?They___(be)here.3.Who____(be)thegirlwithlongstraighthair?Ithinkshe___(be)Kate.4.YouandI___(notbe)inClassSix.5.___(be)thereasupermarketontheFifthAvenue?Yes,there_____(be).6.____herparenttall?No,he____.（2）主语（非第三人称单数）+行为动词原形+其他（用助动词do帮助构成否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问）（3）主语（第三人称单数）+行为动词的第三人称单数+其他（用助动词does帮助构成否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句）行为动词第三人称单数加-s的.形式1.-s2.辅音+y:study-studies3.以s,x,ch,sh结尾watch-watchesteach-teaches4特殊have-hasdo-doesgo-goes.1)Hisparents_______(watch)TVeverynight.肯定句1)Mybrother_________(do)homeworkeveryday.2)Hisparents_________(notwatch)everynight.否定句2)Mybrother________(notdo)homeworkeveryday.3)_____hisparents_____(watch)TVeverynight?一般疑3)______yourbrother_____homeworkeveryday?Yes,they_______.No,they_______.Yes,he______.No,he_________.4)When___hisparents_____(watch)TV?特疑4)When_____yourbrother____(do)homework?TheywatchTVeverynight.Hedoeshomeworkeveryday.
二现在进行时：表示说话瞬间或现阶段正在进行的动作。
1、标志:now（现在）listen（看）look（听）2、结构:主语+助动词be(am/is/are)+行为动词的现在分词(doing)现在分词的构成：1.-ing:eat-eating2.辅音字母+e:take-taking3.sit,put,begin,run,swim,stop,get,shop,（双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ing.）练习：1.Jim__________________(take)photosintheparknow.2.Jim_________(nottake)intheparknow.3._______________Jim____________(take)photosintheparknow?Yes,he_____.No,he_______.4.Where_________Jim____________photosnow?Inthepark.
三、情态动词：
1、任何主语+can/may/must+动词原形2、主语+can’t/maynot/mustn’t+动词原形3、Can/May/Must+主语+动词原形？4、疑问词+can/may/must+主语+动词原形？
四、非谓语动词（是固定搭配）
like+todo不定式/doing动名词2.wanttodosth.3.lovetodo4.wouldliketodosth.5.enjoydoingsth.6.thanksfordoing7.stopdoingsth8.letsb.dosth.Shewants_____(have)aparty.Doeshelike_______(swim)?Thanksfor_______(enjoy)CCTVshow.Sheneverstops____(talk).
五．祈使句：
Gostraightandturnleft/right.GothroughFifthAvenue.Takeataxi（Takeabus，Takeawalk……）
六．综合练习：
1.MrGreen_____(be)aworker.Nowhe____(work)inthefield.2.Listen!Who_______(sing)?
3.Whattime____yourbrotherusually_____(do)hishomework?4.Youcan_______(come)herebybus.5.Who____(have)aruler?6.Arethey_____(clean)theroom?7.-____you____(eat)dinner?–Yes,weare.8.Jack____(have)asoccerball,buthe____(nothave)abasketball.9._______Jim_______(like)______(run)?10.They_____(be)fromCanada.They______(notspeak)Chinese.11.Hewants_________________(be)tall.
英语语法知识点6
知识要点
表示“多少”和“第几”的词，叫数词。数词分为基数词和序数词两种。
1)基数词：在十位数词和个位数词中间加上连字符 “ - “ 。如： 21 twenty -one‘基数词三位以上的数词， 在百位和十位之间，一般要用连词"and “。 如： 132 one hundred and thirty-two.
表示”万“的词英语中没有。如1万可用10千来表示。 ten thousand. 30万可用 three hundred thousand 来表示。
基数词的用法：
1.编号的事物用基数词： 如：Lesson Five， Room 101
2.表示”年，月，日“ 时用基数词。
3.表示 “几点钟， 几点过几分” 用基数词。 It is two to two. 现在是两点差两分。
4.加减乘除用基数词。 One plus two is three.一加二等于三。Eight minus four is four. 八减四等于四。
Two times two is four.二乘二等于四.Ten divided by two is five.十除二等于五。
5表示百分数用基数词.
Thirty percent of them is water. 它们当中有30%的水。
6.表示分数时，分子数字用基数词， 但分母要用序数词， 如分子不是1，序数词要用复数形式。
One-fifth of the books are mine. 三分之一的书是我的。
Three-tenths of water is disappeared. 十分之三的水不见了。
2)序数词：表示数目顺序的词用序数词。
1.序数词1━19 除第一，第二，第三，第五，第八，第九， 第十二变化不规则外， 其余均由在基数词后加上 -th。
2.十位整数的序数词的构成方法是， 是将十位整数基数词的词尾 -y 变成 i 再加 -eth。
3.几十几的序数词，只是把个位数变成序数词， 十位数不变。
4.第一百以上的多位序数词 由基数词的.形式变结尾部分为序数词形式来表示。
one hundred and twenty-first ，one thousand，three hundred and twentieth
5.序数词的缩写形式 有时，序数词可以用缩写形式来表示。主要缩写形式有。
first--lst second--2nd third--3rd fourth--4th sixth--6th twentieth--20th twenty-third--23rd 其中lst，2nd，3rd为特殊形式，其它的都是阿拉伯数字后加上th。
6.通常前面要加定冠词 the;但是如果序数词前出现不定冠词a或an时，则表示“再”，“又”.
We’ve tried it three times.Must we try it a fourth time?
7.基数词也可以表示顺序。只需将基数词放在它所修饰的名词之后(名词需大写) 即可，不需要添加定冠词。
the first lesson-Lesson One ，the fifth page-Page 5， the twenty-first room-Room 21
练习请看第二页
1. I‘ve read ______ sports news about the F1 race today.
A. two B. pieces C. two pieces D. two pieces of
2. During World War II， a Jewish(犹太)lady was protected by a local family in Shanghai in her ______.
A. fifties B. fifty C. fiftieth D. the fiftieth
3. The river through our city， which is about _________， is clean again.
A. 6000 meters long B. 6000-metres-long
C. 6000-metre-long D. 6000 meter long
4. I study in Yu Cai Middle School. There are two ____students in our school.
A. thousand B. thousands C. thousand of D. thousands of
5. They said they would have holiday.
A. a two-month B. two months C. two-months D. two-month’s
6.-When was the PLA founded?
-It was founded on ____.
A. July 1. 1921 B. October 1.1949
C. May 1.1922 D. August 1.1927
7. In the past two years， many tall buildings have been built in our city. The tallest is an that stands in the centre.
A. 80-floor building B. 60-floor building
C. 80-floor buildings D. 70 floors building
8.The number of people invited ____ fifty， but a number of them _____absent for different reasons.
A. were ; was B. was ; was C. was ; were D. were ; were
9.- How soon will you finish your work? -In about _______.
A. one and a half month B. one month and a half
C. one and half a month D. a month and half
10.-Would you like some fruit， madam? -Oh， yes. _______， please.
A. 5 kilo bananas B. 5 kilos of bananas
C. 5 kilo of bananas D. 5 kilos of banana
小升初英语专项练习 完形填空及答案1
John sent for a doctor because his wife was ill. He called the doctor and made sure they ___1___ meet at five. He arrived at the doctor’s at twenty ___2___ five. He thought, “ It’s a little bit earlier. I’ll wait for a moment. It’s good ___3___ there on time.”
___4___ he stopped his car in front of the doctor’s. He ___5___ and saw a noisy square not far from here. He went there and sat down on a chair to enjoy the last light of afternoon sun and ___6___ himself quiet. He saw some children playing and some women talking to each other happily.
Suddenly he ___7___ a girl crying. He came up to her and asked some questions. Then he knew she got lost. John tried to find out her ___8___ and took her home. The girl’s parents were very thankful.
Then John hurried to the doctor’s. When the doctor saw him, he was very ___9___ and said, “You’re late. Why did you keep me waiting for twenty minutes?” John said ___10___ except one word—sorry.
1. A. should B. shall C. would D. will
2. A. past B. to C. of D. after
3. A. to arrived at B. to get C. to leave D. to ride
4. A. Every time B. From now on C. Before D. Then
5. A. looked for B. looked after C. looked at D. looked around
6. A. made B. let C. had D. felt
7. A. hears B. was hearing C. heard D. would hear
8. A. name B. school C. age D. address
9. A. polite B. angry C. happy D. kind
10 A. something B. everything C. anything D. nothing
【答案】CBBDDACDBD
小升初英语专项练习 完形填空及答案2
When you are in England, you must be very careful in the streets ___1___ the traffic drives___2___ the left. ___3___ you cross a street, you must look to the ___4___ first and then left.
In the morning and in the evening when people go to or come from work, the streets are very___5___. Traffic is most dangerous then.
When you go by bus in England, you have to be ___6___, too. Always remember the traffic moves on the left. So you must be careful. Have a look first, ___7___ you will go the wrong way.
In many English cities, there are big buses ___8___ two floors. You can sit on the second floor.___9___ there you can see the city very ___10___. It’s very interesting.
1. A. so B. but C. however D. because
2. A. in B. on C. to D. by
3. A. After B. While C. Before D. But
4. A. left B. right C. buses D. front
5. A. busy B. long C. many D. dirty
6. A. safe B. busy C. dangerous D. careful
7. A. and B. or C. because D. when
8. A. with B. in C. on D. for
9. A. On B. From C. Off D. To
10. A. well B. good C. fine D. nice
【答案】DBCBADBABA
小升初英语专项练习 完形填空及答案3
Once there was a boy in Toronto. His name was Jimmy. He started drawing when he was three years old, and when he was five he was already very ___1___ at it. He drew many beautiful interesting pictures, and many people ___2___ his pictures. They thought this boy was going to be ___3___ when he was a little older, and then they were going to ___4___ these pictures for a lot of money.
Jimmy’s pictures were quite different from other ___5___ because he never drew on all of the paper. He drew on ___6___ of it, and the other half was always ___7___.
“That’s very clever,” everybody said. “___8___ other people have ever done that before.”
One day somebody asked him, “Please tell me, Jimmy. Why do you draw on the bottom (底部) half of your pictures, ___9___ not on the top half?”
“Because I’m small,” Jimmy said, “and my brushes (毛笔) can’t ___10___ very high.”
1. A. poor B. sad C. glad D. good
2. A. bought B. brought C. sold D. took
3. A. different B. clever C. famous D. rich
4. A. buy B. show C. leave D. sell
5. A. men’s B. people’s C. boy’s D. child’s
6. A. half B. part C. side D. end
7. A. full B. empty C. wrong D. ready
8. A. No B. Some C. Any D. Many
9. A. then B. and C. but D. or
10. A. change B. turn C. pull D. reach
【答案】DACDBABACD
小升初英语专项练习 完形填空及答案4
Mr Smith lives in the small village, but he works in an office in a big city. He goes to work by train every morning and comes ___1___ the same way.
One morning while he was ___2___ his newspaper on the train, a man ___3___ him came up to him. Mr Smith had not met him before. The man said, “___4___ ” to him and then ___5___ to talk to him. The man said, “Your ___6___ isn’t interesting, is it? You got on the same train at the same station at the same time ___7___ morning and you always sit in the same seat and read the same newspaper.”
When Mr Smith ___8___ this, he put his newspaper down, turned around and ___9___ to the man angrily, “How do you know all that about me?”
“Because I’m ___10___ sitting in the same seat behind you,” the man answered.
1. A. family B. house C. village D. home
2. A. seeing B. look C. reading D. finding
3. A. before B. behind C. beside D. next to
4. A. Sorry B. Thanks C. Hello D. Goodbye
5. A. refused B. stopped C. ordered D. began
6. A. life B. work C. office D. child
7. A. one B. every C. this D. yesterday
8. A. heard B. listened C. found D. felt
9. A. asked B. said C. told D. talked
10. A. never B. hardly C. always D. sometimes
【答案】DCBCDABABC
小升初英语专项练习 完形填空及答案5
On Christmas Eve a few days ago, an English couple, the Hardens, got a very special call. It was only a 20-second call but it was very ___1___. The Hardens’ 15-year-old daughter has gone ___2___ six months before. On Christmas Eve she rang them. “I’m phoning to wish you a happy Christmas, ” she said, “I love you.”
Ronals and Edwine Harden were so ___3___ that they started a special telephone service(服务)called “Alive and Well”. The service helps ___4___ to get in touch with children who have run away from home.
Young people can phone “Alive and Well” and leave a message for their parents. The telephone are answered by answering machines. So ___5___ can speak to the child or make him return home. Parents of runaway children who are ___6___ eighteen can ask the police to bring their children home. So children do not want to tell their parents where they are. Through “Alive and Well” they can telephone their parents and they do not ___7___ about this or giving out their addresses.
The Hardens and their helpers ___8___ the telephone messages and connect(联系)the addresses given. About 30,000 British teenagers have left home and many of them are probably in ___9___. For only two pence(便士)they can go into a telephone coin box and call their parents. They can dial 5675339 and ___10___ a parent's worry: Is he dead or alive?
1. A. interesting B. important C. difficult D. exciting
2. A. away B. out C. back D. along
3. A. angry B. happy C. sad D. kind
4. A. teachers B. people C. parents D. friends
5. A. someone B. anyone C. everyone D. no one
6. A. at B. above C. over D. under
7. A. think B. worry C. talk D. hear
8. A. ask for B. listen to C. look up D. write down
9. A. Paris B. Tokyo C. London D. New York
10. A. stop B. make C. feel D. leave
【答案】BABCDDBDCA
英语语法知识点7
英语语法知识：It be time +（that）从句
在英语里，“It be time +（that）从句”是一个较为常用的句型，它表示“该做……的时候了”的意思。该句型属于主从复合句的一种；其主句部分为"It be time"，从句部分的连词that可以省略。以下从三个方面简要谈谈这一句型。
一、time前面的修饰语
句型“It be time +（that）从句”通常暗示“有点迟了”，为了强调这一含义，可以在time的前面加形容词high.例如：
It's high time we started.
It is high time that more women ran the arts.
为了使语气得到进一步的加强，还可以在high的前面加certainly, more than等副词或词组：
It is certainly high time that we ordered dinner.
形容词full也可以加在time的前面，用来加强语气。例如：
It's full time you had a nice day.
It is full time that boy went to herding.
time前面还可以加about,这时句型所表达的意思是“早该……”。例如：
It's about time we started.
It's about time I settled down.
上面两例中的about可以用getting来代替，句意不变；这可以视为句型“It be time +（that）从句”的一种变体。
二、从句中的动词形式
在“(that)从句”中，动词形式通常是一般过去时。这是一种奇特而有趣的语言现象，即用假设的过去时来代替实际的将来时。从英语史的角度来看，从句中的动词形式用过去时原是属虚拟语气；但从语言发展的观点来看，目前这种动词形式视为陈述语气比较合适。
著名语言学家夸克（R. Quirk）教授等人在1985年出版的《英语语法大全》一书中认为，“(that)从句”的动词形式一定要用“假设的过去时”。他们举了一例：It's time I was in bed.其实，动词形式除常用过去时外，也可以用其他时态和语态（用何种形式应视情况而定）。正如著名语言学家周海中教授在1988年发表的《探讨“It be time （that）…”句型》一文中所言：在现代英语里，“(that)从句”中的动词形式一般用过去时，这是基本规则；有时也可以用其他的动词形式，但应视为特殊用法。他在其文中列举了大量实例，用于论证和说明。
1．用were型虚拟语气。例如：
It's high time I were hence. (W. Shakespeare)
It's time I were gone. (A. Tennyson)
由于英语的发展，虚拟语气与陈述语气之间的区别正在逐渐消失。基于这种情况，虚拟语气的were也正在逐渐地代替陈述语气的was.
2．用be型虚拟语气。例如：
You reckon I be found anywhere with him, time he start belle ring. (W. Faulkner)
It is time that more of the research dollars now devoted to cure be diverted to finding new and more humane ways of curing that will make a cancer patient's remaining years happier, more comfortable, and more productive. (Science, 1984, Vol. 5, No.7)
动词形式用be型虚拟语气是古英语的用法。目前，这一用法在英国英语中已“日薄西山”，而在美国英语中却有“东山再起”之势，但主要见于正式文体。
3．借助情态动词should
It's time this heart should be unmoved. (G. Byron)
It may be time that I should meet with some misfortune; but I hope it is not this. (C. Dickens)
上面用法主要见于文学作品，尤其是英国人写的。
4．用过去进行时。例如：
It's time we were leaving. (H. Maclnnes)
It's time we were getting home. (E. O'Neil)
上面用法通常是一些表示位置转移的动作动词。
5．用一般现在时。例如：
It is high time that the U. S. realizes it cannot continue to hide its head in the sand, for the sand has started to blow. (Newsweek, Oct. 15, 1979)
“It is time that the burden of Reaganomics is shared by those in the upper-income groups,” 0'Neill declared. (Time, Jun. 20, 1983)
上面用法主要见于美国英语，尤其在新闻文体里。这是一种值得关注的语言现象。
6．用完成时。例如：
It's time that reduction in force has finally hit the federal government also. (U. S. News and World Report, Mar. 15, 1982)
Fooleries! Pshaw! It's time you'd done with fooleries. (G. Eliot)
上面用法也是一种值得关注的语言现象。
三、句型中的省略现象
在口语中，可以把句型“It be time +（that）从句”中的'"It be"省略。例如：
High time we left. （J. Linsay)
Time we were going. (M. Hammonds)
在一定的上下语境中，也可以把句型中的“(that)从句”省略。例如：
This program goes in that direction, and I believe it's time. （T. Wicker)
在特定的语境里，甚至还可以把句型中的"It be"和“(that)从句”都省掉，意义仍然是显豁的；不过，这时time前面要用high来修饰，其后面常跟副词too,该词只是用来加强语气，并无具体意义。例如：
He's gone back to work.—— High time, too! (Longman Dictionary of English Idioms)
顺带一提，句型“It be the +序数词+ time +（that）从句”与句型“It be time +（that）从句”在结构上有点相似，但它们在句意上是完全不同的。前者也是主从复合句，当其主句的be用一般现在时，从句的动词形式通常为现在完成时，it可以用this来代替；当其主句的be用一般过去时，从句的动词形式通常为过去完成时，it可以用that 来代替。例如：
It/This is the first time (that) I have seen him.
It/That was the third time (that) I had been there.
英语语法知识点8
关系代词
<例句>
I met someone who said he knew you.
我遇到一个人，他说他认识你。
<语法分析>
关系代词who代表someone，又引导从句修饰它，同时又在从句中担任主语。关系代词who, whom, whose, that和which可以用来引导定语从句，这类代词都起着三重作用，一是代表前面的名词，二是把从句和它所修饰的词连接起来，三是在从句里也担任一个成分。who和whom都代表人，who在从句中作主语，whom在从句中作宾语或介词宾语。whose在从句中可以作定语。that可以代表人或物，which只能代表物在从句中可充当主语、宾语或介词宾语等。
<触类旁通>
(1) The noise that she made woke everybody up.
她弄出的声音把大家都吵醒了。
语法分析：that代表noise，又引导从句修饰它，在从句中担任made的`宾语。
(2) She saw something in the paper which might interest you.
她在报纸上看到的一些消息，或许会使你感兴趣。
语法分析：which代表something,又引导从句修饰它，在从句中担任主语。
(3) The girl with whom I was travlling didn't speak English.
和我一起旅行的那个女孩不会讲英语。
语法分析：whom代表人，在从句中作宾语或介词宾语。
(4) I saw a film whose name I have forgotten.
我看了一部电影，名字却忘了。
语法分析：whose有时指无生命的东西。
(5) Who's the man (that) you were talking to?
刚才和你讲话的人是谁?
语法分析：在从句作宾语时，that常可以省略。
(6) The situation in which she found herself was very difficult.
她的处境非常困难。
语法分析：在紧跟介词时，只能用which，不能用that，而且不能省略。
英语语法知识点9
一、七年级英语语法--词法
(一)名词
1.名词的数
我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，而不可数名词它没有复数形式，但可数名词却有单数和复数之分，复数的构成如下：
(1)在后面加s。如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas
(2)x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes
(3)①以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如：baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories
②以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways
(4)以o结尾加s(外来词)。如：radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es：如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯
(5)以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves
(6)单复数相同(不变的)有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese
(7)一般只有复数，没有单数的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks
(8)单词形式不变，既可以是单数也可以是复数的有：police警察局，警察, class班，同学, family家，家庭成员
(9)合成的复数一般只加主要名词，多数为后一个单词。如：action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如：man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers
(10)有的单复数意思不同。如：fish鱼 fishes鱼的种类, paper纸 papers报纸，卷子，论文, work工作 works作品，工厂, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯，眼镜, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光线 lights灯, people人 peoples民族, time时间 times时代, 次数, chicken 鸡肉 chickens 小鸡
(11) 单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s。如：Is (I’s), Ks (K’s)。但如是缩略词则只加s。如：IDs, VCDs, SARs
(12) 特殊形式的有：child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen
2.名词的格
当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时，我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下：
(1)单数在后面加’s。如：brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s
(2)复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’，如果不是以s结尾的`与单数一样处理。如：Teachers’ Day教师节, classmates’ Children’s Day六一节, Women’s Day妇女节
(3)由and并列的名词所有时，如果是共同所有同一人或物时，只加最后一个’s，但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如：Mike and Ben’s room迈克和本的房间(共住一间)，Mike’s and Ben’s rooms迈克和本的房间(各自的房间)
(二)代词
项目 人称代词 物主代词 指示代词 反身代词
人称 主格 宾格 形容词 名词性
第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself
复数 we us our ours ourselves
第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself
复数 you you your yours yourselves
第三人称 单数 she her her hers herself
he him his his himself
it it its its this that itself
复数 they them their theirs these those themselves
(三)动词
1.第三人称单数
当动词是第三人称单数时，动词应该像名词的单数复数那样加s，如下：
(1)一般在词后加s。如：comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains
(2)在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：watches, washes, wishes, finishes
(3)①以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。如：study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries
②以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys
(4)以o结尾加es。如：does, goes
(5)特殊的有：are-is, have-has
2.现在分词
当我们说某人正在做什么事时，动词要使用分词形式，不能用原形，构成如下：
(1)一般在后加ing。如：spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing
(2)以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having
(3)以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母+一个辅音字母(注意除开字母组合如show –showing, draw-drawing)要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。如：put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning
(4)以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing。如：tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于
(四)形容词的级
我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时，则要使用比较或最高级形式。构成如下：
(1) 一般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st)。如：greater-greatest, shorter –shortest, taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest
(2)以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母+1个辅音字母(字母组合除外，如few-fewer fewest)结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er /est。如：big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest
(3) 以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i加er/est。如：happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest
(4)特殊情况：(两好多坏，一少老远)
good/well - better best many/much - more most bad/ill – worse worst
little- less least old- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farther/further farthest/furthest
(五)数词 (基变序，有规则;一、二、三，自己背;五、八、九、十二;其它后接th;y结尾，变为i, eth跟上去。) first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth
二、七年级英语语法--句式
(一)陈述句
肯定陈述句
1. This is a book. (be动词)
2. He looks very young. (连系动词)
3. I want a sweat like this. (实义动词)
4. I can bring some things to school. (情态动词)
5. There’s a computer on my desk. (There be结构)
否定陈述句
1. These aren’t their books.
2.They don’t look nice.
3. Kate doesn’t go to No. 4 Middle School.
4. Kate can’t find her doll.
5. There isn’t a cat here. (=There’s no cat here.)
(二)祈使句
肯定祈使句
1. Please go and ask the man.
2. Let’s learn English!
3. Come in, please.
否定祈使句
1. Don’t be late.
2. Don’t hurry.
(三)疑问句
1. 一般疑问句
(1)Is Jim a student?
(2) Can I help you?
(3) Does she like salad?
(4) Do they watch TV?
(5) Is she reading?
肯定回答:
(1) Yes, he is.
(2) Yes, you can.
(3) Yes, she does.
(4) Yes, they do.
(5) Yes, she is.
否定回答:
(1) No, he isn’t.
(2) No, you can’t.
(3) No, she doesn’t.
(4) No, they don’t.
(5) No, she isn’t.
2. 选择疑问句
Is the table big or small?
回答 It’s big./ It’s small.
3.特殊疑问句
(1) 问年龄 How old is Lucy? She is twelve.
(2) 问种类 What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies.
(3) 问身体状况 How is your uncle? He is well/fine.
(4) 问方式 How do/can you spell it? L-double O-K.
How do we contact you? My e-mail address is cindyjones@163.com.
(5) 问原因 Why do you want to join the club?
(6) 问时间 What’s the time? (=What time is it?) It’s a quarter to ten a.m..
What time do you usually get up, Rick? At five o’clock.
When do you want to go? Let’s go at 7:00.
(7) 问地方 Where’s my backpack? It’s under the table.
(8) 问颜色 What color are they? They are light blue.
What’s your favourite color? It’s black.
(9) 问人物 Who’s that? It’s my sister.
Who is the boy in blue? My brother.
Who isn’t at school? Peter and Emma.
Who are Lisa and Tim talking to?
(10) 问东西 What’s this/that (in English)? It’s a pencil case.
What else can you see in the picture? I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers.
(11) 问姓名 What’s your aunt’s name? Her name is Helen./She’s Helen.
What’s your first name? My first name’s Ben.
What’s your family name? My family name’s Smith.
(12) 问哪一个 Which do you like? I like one in the box.
(13) 问字母 What letter is it? It’s big D/small f.
(14) 问价格 How much are these pants? They’re 15 dollars.
(15) 问电话号码 What’s your phone number? It’s 576-8349.
(16) 问谓语(动作) What’s he doing? He’s watching TV.
(17) 问职业(身份) What do you do? I’m a teacher.
What’s your father? He’s a doctor.
三、七年级英语语法--时态
(一)一般现在时
表示普遍、经常性的或长期性的动作时使用一般现在时，它有：
Be 动词：She’s a worker. Is she a worker? She isn’t a worker.
情态动词：I can play the piano. Can you play the piano? I can’t play the piano.
行为动词：They want to eat some tomatoes. Do they want to eat any tomatoes? They don’t want to eat any tomatoes.
Gina has a nice watch. Does Gina have a nice watch? Gina doesn’t have a watch.
(二)现在进行时
表示动词在此时正在发生或进行就使用进行时态，结构为sb be v-ing sth + 其它.
I’m playing baseball. Are you playing baseball? I’m not playing baseball.
Nancy is writing a letter. Is Nancy writing a letter? Nancy isn’t writing a letter.
They’re listening to the pop music. Are they listening the pop music? They aren’t listening to the pop music.
英语语法知识点10
高中英语语法
1)动词转化为名词
很多动词可以转化为名词，大多意思没有多大的变化(如下①);有时意思有一定变化(如下②);有的与一个动词和不定冠词构成短语，表示一个动作(如下③)。例如：
①Let's go out for a walk.我们到外面去散散步吧。
②He is a man of strong build.他是一个体格健壮的汉子。
③Let's have a swim.咱们游泳吧。
2)名词转化为动词
很多表示物件(如下①)、身体部位(如下②)、某类人(如下③)的名词可以用作动词来表示动作，某些抽象名词(如下④)也可作动词。例如：
①Did you book a seat on the plane?你订好飞机座位了吗?
②Please hand me the book.请把那本书递给我。
③She nursed her husband back to health.她看护丈夫，使他恢复了健康。
④We lunched together.我们在一起吃了午餐。
3)形容词转化为动词
有少数形容词可以转化为动词。例如：
We will try our best to better our living conditions.我们要尽力改善我们的生活状况。
4)副词转化为动词
有少数副词可以转化为动词。例如：
Murder will out.(谚语)恶事终必将败露。
5)形容词转化为名词
表示颜色的形容词常可转化为名词(如下①);某些形容词如old, young, poor, rich, wounded,injured等与the连用，表示一类人，作主语时，谓语用复数(如下②)。例如：
You should be dressed in black at the funeral.你在葬礼中该穿黑色衣服。
The old in our village are living a happy life.我们村的`老年人过着幸福的生活。
英语语法知识点11
一般现在时
1.表示现在习惯或经常反复发生的动作或存在的状态,常与usually, always, sometimes, often, every day / week / month / year等时间状语连用。
[例句] He often does his homework in his study.
2.表示主语现在的'特征、性格和状态。
[例句] The dictionary belongs to me.
3.表示客观规律或科学真理、格言,以及其他不受时间限制的客观存在。
[例句] The moon goes around the sun.
4.在有连词if, unless, before, as soon as, when, once, however等引导的时间、条件和让步状语从句中,用一般现在时表将来。
[例句] If you work hard, you won’t fail in the exam.
英语语法知识点12
用一个句子作状语，这个句子就是状语从句。状语从句通常用来修饰句子、动词或形容词，表示时间、地点、条件、原因、目的、结果、方式、比较等。引导状语从句的连词叫从属连词。
16-1 时间状语从句
在句中相当于时间状语的从句叫时间状语从句。时间状语从句常由从属连词when，while，as，before，after，as soon as，since，till，until等引导。如：
What are you going to be when you grow up ?你长大以后打算干什么?
I will phone you as soon as I get there .我一到那儿就给你打电话。
1.引导时间状语从句的从属连词及用法
(1)when，while，as引导时间状语从句意为“当……时”。如：
When the clock struck twelve ，all the lights went out.当时钟敲了十二下，灯全部都熄了。
While Peter was reading ，his wife was cooking.彼得看书的时候，他妻子在做饭。
He dropped the glass as he stood up .他站起来时，把杯子摔碎了。
注意：
①when表示“当……时”，多用来表示时间点，也可表示时间段;从句中既可以用非延续性动词，也可用延续性动词;when 从句多用一般过去时，主句时态没有限制，根据具体情况而定;在将来时态中，常用when引导从句，且从句须用一般现在时代替将来时;when表示时间段时可与while通用，但从句中必须用延续性动词。如：
I was just reading a book when she came into my room.她走进我房间时，我正在看书。
When I got to the airport，the guests had left.当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。
When the manager comes here for a visit next week，I'll talk with him about this.下周经理来这参观时，我会和他谈谈此事。
②while表示“当……的时候;在……之时;在……期间”，所引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词或表示状态的动词，且通常用进行时。如：
While my wife was reading the newspaper，I was watching TV.当妻子在看报纸的时候，我在看电视。
You can't do your homework while you're watching TV.你不能一边看电视一边做家庭作业。
③as引导时间状语从句时，从句的谓语动词既可以是延续性的，也可以是非延续性的。当从句中的.谓语动词是延续性动词，表示“当……的时候”时，往往可以与when或while通用，但as更侧重主句与从句的行为同时发生，常译作“随着……;一边……，一边……”。如：
Kate read the book as she went along.凯特边走边读书。
We took notes as we listened to the lecture.我们边听课边记笔记。
(2)before引导时间状语从句意为“在……之前”。如：
Don't jump off the train before it stops.火车停之前不要往下跳。
Look at both ways before you cross the road.过马路之前左右两边都要看。
I didn't know any English before I came here。我来这儿之前，一点英语都不懂。
(3)after引导时间状语从句意为“在……之后”。如：
I'll have a walk after I finish my work.我做完事后要去散步。
After he locked the door，he left.他锁上门之后就走了。
注意：
为了表明动作的先后，从句中动词可用过去完成时，主句用一般过去时。如：
After he had finished his work，he played a game of chess with his friends.他做完工作后，和朋友下了一会儿棋。
(4)until，till引导时间状语从句意为“直到……为止”。如：
They waited till/until I returned.他们一直等到我回来。
Mr.Wang kept on explaining until the student understood.王先生反复地解释直到学生听懂了为止。
注意：
①until在肯定句中只与延续性动词连用，在否定句中通常与非延续性动词连用，表示相应动作开始的时间，意为“直到……才”。如：
He didn't leave until I came back.直到我回来他才离开。
②till用作连词，与until同义，两者经常可换用，只是 until 比 till 稍正式。在正式文体中，一般用 until，而在口语或非正式文体中则两者都可。till多与名词或较短的从句连用，而较长较复杂的成分多用 until;在句子开头时，用 until而不用till。如：
She lived in Tokyo till (until)she died.她一直住在东京直到去世。
(√)Until he comes back，nothing can be done.在他回来之前，什么也不能做。
(×)Till he comes back，nothing can be done.在他回来之前，什么也不能做。
(5)since引导时间状语从句意为“自……以来”
Since I left school，I have written to him twice.自从我离开学校以来，我已经给他写过两封信。
I have not heard from him since he left Shanghai.自从他离开上海以来，我就没有收到过他的来信。
注意：
since引起的时间状语从句通常用一般过去时态，主句用现在完成时态。如：
I've worked here since I left school.自我离开学校以来我一直在这里工作。
(6)as soon as引导时间状语从句意为“一……就……”
I'll tell you as soon as I get here.我一到这里就告诉你。
I want to see him as soon as he arrives.他一到我就想见他。
2.时间状语从句的时态
(1)当主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，由when，before，after，as soon as，until 等连词引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时。如：
I 'll tell him the good news as soon as I see him.我一见到他，就告诉他这个好消息。
The boy will be a writer when he grows up.这个男孩长大后将成为一名作家。
(2)当主句的谓语含有can，may，must等情态动词时，由when，before，after，until，as soon as等引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时。如：
You can go home after you finish your homework.你做完作业后就可以回家。
When the lights are red，the traffic must stop .红灯亮时，车辆必须停下。
You may wait here before your father comes .在你父亲到来之前你可以在这儿等着。
(3)当主句的谓语是want，hope，wish等动词的一般现在时形式时，由when，before，after，until，as soon as等引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时。如：
He wants to be a doctor when he grows up.他长大后想当一名医生。
She wants to work in America when she finishes college.她大学毕业后想在美国工作。
(4)当主句是祈使句时，由when，before，after，until等引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时。如：
Don't get off the bus until it stops .公共汽车停下来再下车。
Please don't go to bed before you finish your homework.在完成作业之前，请不要睡觉。
(5)当主句谓语用一般过去时，由when，before，after，until，as soon as等引导的时间状语从句也要用一般过去时。如：
They talked about the party after people left .人们离开后，他们谈论这次晚会情况。
(6)当before引导的时间状语从句是过去时态，主句一般用过去完成时，有时也用一般过去时。如：
She had learned Japanese for three years before she went to Japan.她去日本之前学了三年日语。
She didn't know me before she came here.她到这里来之前不认识我。
(7)since引导的时间状语从句要用一般过去时，主句的谓语动词要用延续性动词，通常用现在完成时;用非延续性动词时，要用否定式。如：
He has waited here since you left .自从你走之后他一直在这等着。
He hasn't gone to the school since he finished the school.他毕业后再没去过学校。
注意：
在It is+时间+since从句结构中，主句用一般现在时，从句用一般过去时。如：
It is three years since I began to study English.我开始学英语已经有三年了。
3.时间状语从句的位置
(1)when，before，after，as，while，as soon as等引导的时间状语从句的位置可位于句首，也可位于句末。放在句首时，从句后通常用逗号与主句隔开，放在句末时，从句与主句之间一般不用逗号，只在句末用句号或问号。如：
When you came to see me，I was ready to leave.你来看我时，我正准备离开。
You called me while I was watching TV.我在看电视时，你给我打了电话。
After she cleaned the classroom，she went home.她打扫完教室后回家了。
(2)since引起的时间状语从句通常放在主句的后面。
I have learned English since I came to this school.我自从来到这个学校以来就一直在学英语。
英语语法知识点13
leave的用法
1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如：
When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的?
2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如：
Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。
3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如：
Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京?
2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用
should作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有“竟会”的意思，例如：
How should I know? 我怎么知道?
Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚?
should有时表示应当做或发生的事，例如：
We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。
现在进行时
现在进行时表示此时此刻正在发生的事情。常与now，at the moment，look，listen等词连用。
The little boy is watching TV now.
这个小男孩现在正在看电视。
Listen!She is playing the guitar in the next room.
听!她正在隔壁房间弹吉他。
现在进行时的基本结构：
肯定式：am/is/are+doing(现在分词)
否定式：am/is/are not +doing(现在分词)
一般疑问式：Am/Is/Are + 主语 +doing(现在分词)+ 其他
特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词+一般疑问式
They’re having a meeting now.
他们现在正在开会。
They aren't having a meeting now.
他们现在没有在开会。
Are they having a meeting now?
他们现在正在开会吗?
What are they doing now?
他们现在正在做什么?
初二英语语法知识重点考点
1.由that引导，由于that没有任何意义，也不充当任何句子成分。因此that在非正式文体中可以省略。这类宾语从句通常表达一种陈述意义。
e.g.He told me (that) he would go to Wuhan.
Tom says (that) he must study hard.
She told me (that) she was a student.
(1)如果由and连接两个并列的宾语从句时，第二个that则不能省略。
e.g.She said she liked English very much and that she didn’t like math at all.
(2)常接that引导的宾语从句的谓语动词有：believe, expect, explain, feel, hear, hope, imagine, prefer, promise, report, say, see, tell, think, understand, warn, wish等。
2.由连接代词或连接副词who, whose, what, which, when, where, how, why引导，含有“谁、什么、哪个、什么时候、什么地方、怎样、为什么”等特殊疑问意义。
e.g.Do you know who they’re talking about?
Can you tell me what they’re looking for?
I don’t know where she has gone.
I wonder how she can find us.
She didn’t tell me where her hometown was.
3.由从属连词whether和if引导，含有“是否，能否，对否，有否”等一般疑问意义。
e.g.She asked me if I could help her.
Jim wanted to know whether I had taken his English book.
Please tell me whether you can come or not.
在这类宾语从句中要注意两点：
(1)if引导宾语从句和状语从句的区别
if引导宾语从句时意为“是否”，从句中该用什么时态就应用什么时态。
if引导条件状语从句时意为“假如”，从句中应用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
e.g.She wanted to know if you were a teacher.
I don’t know if the letter is yours.
They’ll go boating if it is fine tomorrow.
I’ll give it to her if she comes next week.
(2)if引导宾语从句时多数情况下可以与whether互换，但如果要突出“究竟是……还是不……”这层意思时，通常用whether，并在后面的加上“or not”，即一般要选择whether构成whether…or not的结构。
e.g.Please find out whether the money is his or not.
Let me know whether you can come or not.
I want to know whether you can help me or not.
有效提高英语听力的方法
具体的方法是：把听力原文一句一句听写出来。
首先，泛听一遍原文，不用动笔，能听懂多少算多少。
第二遍，播放原文，每一句暂停一下，把听到的句子写下来。如果抓不到信息，就倒回去重新听这句，三遍五遍还是有没听懂的词，就暂且放下，做好标记。播放之后的听力文章，重复这一步骤。
第三遍，连贯地听一遍原文，努力补全之前没听懂的信息。之后对照听力原文，看自己没听懂的地方究竟是哪些单词。
第四遍，最后再听一遍原文，仔细听自己没听懂的单词在听力录音中究竟是怎么发音的。判断自己究竟是因为没听出来连读，还是对单词读音记忆有误而没能听懂。
最后，把自己没听出来的单词、听力录音中该单词的读音以及原文中出现的生词记录下来。
英语完形填空题怎么做?
完形填空是得分率不高的一道题，它是对考生综合能力的一种测试。想要做完形填空，理解作者的.意图及明白作者的意思是关键。只有看懂了整篇文章的内容、每个句子的意思，才有可能做对题目。有一点非常重要，即会分析句子。一个句子的主语和谓语动词首先要找到，然后找出宾语、状语等。这时完全能分析出所缺的词属于句子的哪个部分，即使缺了词，也不难看懂全句的意思。在语法和句子意思都明确后，就容易填出这个词了。
第一步：重视首句，把握开篇。
完形填空一般无标题，首句一般不留空白，是完整的一句，全文信息从此开始。细读首句，可判断文章体裁，预测全文大意和主旨。
第二步：速读全文，掌握大意。
速读全文要一气呵成，尽管有空格、生词或不明白的地方，仍要快速读下去。读时要注意找出关键词、中心词，划出某些代表人物和情节的词，以便于形成思路。
第三步：瞻前顾后，灵活答题。
“瞻前顾后”，即读所填词的句子时，回顾上一句，兼顾下一句。如果一句中有两个空白待填，在初定答案时要“双管齐下”，在两处同时试填，然后通读全句，确定答案。
第四步：复核全文，调整答案。
学好英语最有效4个方法
1、单词是基础
记单词需要灵活，别死记，并且要多看它，把书上的单词归纳到自己的笔记本上，并附上词组，一举两得。这样，复习的时候才有东西可看。
2、上课认真听很重要
我看你也是想努力的，老师上课的内容已经是精华了，所以无论如何要认真摘抄笔记，还要上课多发言，潜移默化中你会学到很多。
3、阅读理解需要做限时练
高考英语中阅读占重要分数，可以说真正成败取决于阅读，所以规定半个小时做3篇阅读，长此以往就会提高阅读速度。多练多与老师沟通请教适合自己的方法。
4、英语作文有模板
开头、结尾要漂亮。积累一定好句，多用。多用倒装句、定语从句等能吸引眼球，还要有真知灼见，改卷老师绝对会眼前一亮。
英语单词记忆方法和技巧
一、注重心理，由简到繁。学生在记忆单词之初，他们完全模仿老师依瓢画葫芦，没有任何的经验技巧可言，当然也不会有太大的积极主动，他们就是依靠单纯的机械记忆，为记忆而记忆。可是这个过程也是一定要有的，在这种情况下，教师应该注重的不是学生应该记忆多少单词，或者是准确度怎样，也决不能按课本的实际语言输入量，不顾难易程度就把任务一股脑儿地布置下去，而是应充分考虑到学生的心理反应与承受能力，从最简短的实词开始，数量适中，这样学生就不会有畏难情绪了。教师要为学生营造一种轻松地心理氛围，在这个长期、循序渐进的记忆单词的过程中，开发他们的记忆潜能，寻找记背单词的方法与技巧。
二、利用专业，帮助记忆。在教授学生记忆单词时，很多教师大多还是选用拼读的方式，作为引导学生入门的方法。在这个过程中，往往是从学生熟悉字母开始，在拼读的过程中逐渐加深对单词的记忆，也就是说了解了字母，等于掌握了单词，记忆单词的速度与准确度就都有了明显的提高，最后学生顺其自然的就解决了音标问题。久而久之，学生记忆单词的速度与准确度都达到了可以自学完成从单词初识到记背的工作。
三、集思广益，寻找方法。除了老师带给学生运用英语语言体系中的一些方法来记忆单词外，其实学生也会自己找到一些方法来记忆单词。他们总是运用熟悉的东西增增减减来帮助他们记忆。有一次，我的女儿在记忆“大楼”这个单词，我认为对她而言这是一个有点难度的单词，结果我女儿说这个单词最好记忆。因为她把“-ding”这一部分当做拼音当中的整体认读来识记的，再加之读音又差不多。于是在以后的教学中，我总是鼓励学生想想有没有什么办法来记忆单词，在这种情况下，他们总是乐于开动脑筋的。他们会联想到熟悉的东西，讲出来和其他同学一起分享，这样记背单词的工作又多了一份乐趣。
四、遵循科学，巩固记忆。记忆过程往往是建立在重复过程基础上的，由“记忆—遗忘—再记忆”组成。根据这个规律，教师就要经常引导学生复习巩固。复习要赶在遗忘之前进行，才能有更好的效果。更何况，学生的记忆特征更归属于短暂记忆，所以无论是老师和家长对于他们的“快速遗忘”这个问题千万要报以最宽容的心来科学地对待。当面对学生的遗忘，教师要耐心地对待他们，体谅他们，帮助他们，鼓励他们，教会他们怎样才能形成记忆的科学方法。
英语语法知识点14
(1)指示代词分单数和复数两种形式，既可作限定词又可做代词，例如：
单数复数
限定词：This girl is Mary. Those men are my teachers.
代词：This is Mary. Those are my teachers.
(2)指示代词的句法功能;
a.作主语
This is the way to do it.
这事儿就该这样做。
b.作宾语
I like this better than that.
我喜欢这个甚至那个。
c.作主语补语
My point is this.
我的观点就是如此。
d.作介词宾语
I dont say no to that.
我并未拒绝那个。
There is no fear of that.
那并不可怕。
英语语法知识点15
助动词
一.概念:
助动词是帮助主要动词构成各种时态,语态,语气以及否定或疑问结构的动词.助动词分为时态助动词和结构助动词两种.
二.相关知识点精讲:
1. 助动词be的用法
1) be +现在分词，构成进行时态。例如：
They are having a meeting. 他们正在开会。
English is becoming more and more important. 英语现在越来越重要。
2) be + 过去分词，构成被动语态。例如：
The window was broken by Tom.. 窗户是汤姆打碎的。
English is taught throughout the world. 世界各地都教英语。
3) be + 动词不定式，可表示下列内容：
a. 表示最近、未来的计划或安排。例如：
He is to go to New York next week.. 他下周要去纽约。
We are to teach the freshmen. 我们要教新生。
说明： 这种用法也可以说成是一种将来时态表达法。
b. 表示命令。例如：
You are to explain this. 对此你要做出解释。
He is to come to the office this afternoon. 要他今天下午来办公室。
c. 征求意见。例如：
How am I to answer him? 我该怎样答复他?
Who is to go there? 谁该去那儿呢?
d. 表示相约、商定。例如：
We are to meet at the school gate at seven tomorrow morning. 我们明天早晨7点在校门口集合。
2. 助动词have的`用法
1)have +过去分词，构成完成时态。例如：
He has left for London. 他已去了伦敦。
By the end of last month, they had finished half of their work. 上月未为止，他们已经完成工作的一半。
2)have + been +现在分词，构成完成进行时。例如：
I have been studying English for ten years. 我一直在学英语，已达十年之久。
3)have +been +过去分词，构成完成式被动语态。例如：
English has been taught in China for many years. 中国教英语已经多年。
3.助动词do 的用法
1)构成一般疑问句。例如：
Do you want to pass the CET? 你想通过大学英语测试吗?
Did you study German? 你们学过德语吗?
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