“there be+名词+非谓语动词”英语语法

时间:2023-05-05 03:13:11 英语语法 我要投稿
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“there be+名词+非谓语动词”英语语法

  1. there be+宾语+现在分词:

“there be+名词+非谓语动词”英语语法

  现在分词表示主动关系,同时表示动作正在进行:

  There is someone waiting for him. 有人在等他。

  There was a man standing in front of me. 我前面站着一个男人。

  There were some children swimming in the river. 有些小孩在河里游泳。

  There were a group of young people working in the fields. 有一群青年在地里劳动。

  有时现在分词可表示一种状态:

  There’s a piano standing against the wall. 靠墙有一架钢琴。

  There’re a lot of difficulties facing us. 我们面前有很多困难。

  There is a door leading to the garden. 有一座门通往花园。

  有个别现在分词用于该结构时可以表示将来(正如它们可用进行时表示将来一样):

  There are ten people coming to dinner. 有10个人来吃晚饭。

  2. there be+宾语+过去分词:

  过去分词表示一种被动关系,同时表示动作已经发生:

  There is nothing written on it. 上面没写东西。

  There were ten people killed in the accident. 事故中有10人丧生。

  有时过去分词也可表示一种状态(可转换成被动结构):

  There were some old men seated (=who were seated) in the back. 有些老人坐在后面。

  There is a red car parked (=which is parked) outside the house. 房子外边停着一辆红色汽车。

  3. there be+宾语+不定式:不定式通常表示动作尚未发生:

  There was nobody to look after the child. 没有人照顾这孩子。

  There was a large crowd to send him off. 有一大群人要来给他送行。

  There was so much to lose that we couldn’t take any risks. 可能会有很大的损失,因此我们不能冒险。

  【注】当其中的宾语与其后的不定式为被动关系时,可用主动表被动,也可用被动式:

  There is much work to do [to be done]. 有许多工作要做。

  有时其中的不定式为系表结构:

  There is nothing to be afraid of. 没什么可怕的。

  What was there to be afraid of. 有什么可怕的?

  There’s nothing to be ashamed of. 没有什么值得羞愧的。

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