英语课外辅导：中考V-ing形式考点分析

时间：2022-12-09 17:12:21 如意英语语法我要投稿

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　　现在分词在句子里面不能充当谓语，但能充当其它的一些成分（定语、表语、宾语补足语、状语），并且它们具有动词的性质（可以有自己的宾语和状语），所以又是类动词的一种。下面是小编收集整理的英语课外辅导：中考V-ing形式考点分析，希望对大家有帮助！

英语课外辅导：中考V-ing形式考点分析

　　英语课外辅导：中考V-ing形式考点分析1

　　考点一：V-ing形式作宾语

　　(一)作动词的宾语

　　英语中有些动词后要用V-ing形式作宾语，在初中阶段学过的常见的动词有：enjoy, finish, mind, keep(on), practise, consider, suggest, miss等。这些动词后面只能接V-ing形式作宾语，而不能接不定式作宾语。例如：

　　I enjoy learning about new things. 我喜欢了解新事物。

　　Would you mind calling back some time tomorrow? 请你明天给我回电话好吗？

　　I have finished writing the composition. 我已经写完了作文。

　　I am sorry I missed seeing you while you were in Beijing. 很遗憾在北京时我没有见到你。

　　They decided to keep trying. 他们决定继续试验。

　　【典型试题】(注：试题选项下划线项为答案)

　　1.-Its too hot. Would you mind_________the door?

　　-_________. Please do it. (2003重庆)

　　A. to open; OK

　　B. opening; Certainly not

　　C. opening; Of course

　　D. to open; Good idea

　　2. Miss Zhang likes the students_________books in the reading room, and she herself enjoys_________books. (2003山东)

　　A. to read; to readB. read; reading

　　C. reading; readingD. to read; reading

　　3. Lily finished_________the book yesterday. (2003 北京)

　　A. readB. reading C. to read D. reads

　　4. No matter how hard it is, well keep_________until we make it. (2003辽宁)

　　A. failedB. failingC. triedD. trying

　　5. -How can I improve my spoken English?

　　-You have to practise_________as much as possible. (2003扬州)

　　A. speakB. speaking

　　C. spokenD. to speak

　　(二)作介词的宾语

　　V-ing形式作介词宾语的情况很多，常常在某些固定短语之后。例如：

　　She is afraid of going out alone at night. 她害怕晚上单独外出。

　　The children are fond of reading storybooks. 儿童喜欢看故事书。

　　I am proud of having a friend like you. 我为有你这样的朋友感到骄傲。

　　Are you interested in going to the show? 你有兴趣去看演出吗？

　　He succeeded in solving the problem. 他终于把问题解决了。

　　【典型试题】

　　1. Lucy is interested in_________.

　　(2002哈尔滨)

　　A. listen to musicB. listening music

　　C. flying kitesD. read books

　　2. -Thank you for_________the ruler from the floor for me.

　　-Thats all right. (2002 湖州)

　　A. playing forB. playing with

　　C. pointing toD. picking up

　　考点二：V-ing形式作宾语补足语

　　在某些感官动词如see, watch, notice, hear, feel, find等和某些使役动词如keep, leave等后可用V-ing形式作宾语补足语。例如：

　　I saw them forcing the door open with a hammer. 我看见他们用锤子强行把门砸开。

　　I heard her singing in the room when I passed by. 我经过时听见她在房间里唱歌。

　　Im sorry to keep you waiting. 对不起，让你久等了。

　　We felt the house shaking. 我们感到房子在摇晃。

　　Maybe youll find him waiting for you at the gate. 也许你会发现他在门口等你。

　　【典型试题】

　　1. The young lady watched her daughter_________ a yoyo yesterday afternoon. (2003重庆)

　　A. to play withB. playing with

　　C. to playD. plays

　　2. A policeman saw two thieves_________a girls mobile phone on a bus and he caught them at once. (2003陕西)

　　A. to stealB. stealing

　　C. stoleD. stolen

　　考点三：V-ing形式的`固定搭配

　　V-ing形式常常用于下列固定搭配中：be busy (in) doing sth. (忙于做某事)，spend some time (in) doing sth. (花费时间做某事)，stop / prevent sb. from doing sth. (阻止某人做某事)，feel like doing sth.(意欲做某事)，cant help doing sth.(禁不住做某事)，have fun doing sth.(很高兴做某事)，have difficulty (in) doing sth. (做某事有困难)等。例如：

　　She couldnt help crying when she heard the news. 她听到这个消息时忍不住哭了起来。

　　I dont feel like eating anything at the moment. 现在我不想吃东西。

　　We are busy preparing for the final exam. 我们正忙于准备期末考试。

　　Nobody can stop us from going there. 谁也不能阻止我们去那里。

　　【典型试题】

　　1. We must do something to stop people from_________. (2003陕西)

　　A. to throw litter about

　　B. to throw litter into

　　C. throwing litter about

　　D. throwing litter into

　　2. -What are you busy_________these days?

　　-Nothing much. (2003厦门)

　　A. doB. doingC. to doD. done

　　3. It was very late. She stopped the children from_________TV. (2003 潍坊)

　　A. watchesB. to watch

　　C. watchedD. watching

　　4. He has caught a bad cold, and he doesnt feel like_________. (2002 泰州)

　　A. to eatB. eatingC. eatsD. ate

　　5. Now more and more people are busy_________ about the Internet. (2002 漳州)

　　A. learnB. to learn

　　C. learningD. learned

　　考点四：V-ing形式与不定式的区别

　　(一)stop, go on后接V-ing形式与不定式时的区别

　　在stop, go on后可接V-ing形式，也可接动词不定式，但意义差别很大。stop doing sth.表示"停止做某事"，V-ing形式作stop的宾语；stop to do sth.表示"停下来去做另一件事"，不定式是stop的目的状语。go on doing sth.表示"继续做同一件事"，go on to do sth.表示"接着做另一件事"。例如：

　　The doctor told him to stop smoking. 医生要他戒烟。

　　He stopped to smoke a cigarette. 他停下来抽烟。

　　He went on studying and finally received his doctors degree. 他继续学习，最后取得了博士学位。

　　After reading the text, he went on to do his homework. 读完课文后，他接着做作业。

　　【典型试题】

　　1. If you dont feel well, you may just_________. (2003河北)

　　A. stopped readingB. stop reading

　　C. stopped to readD. stop to read

　　2. Stop_________so much noise!My father is sleeping. (2003烟台)

　　A. to makeB. making

　　C. to hearD. hearing

　　3. -Lets have a rest, shall we?

　　-Not now. I dont want to stop_________the letter yet. (2003 黄冈)

　　A. writeB. to write

　　C. writingD. and write

　　4. Mr. Brown asked us to stop_________, and we stopped ______ to him at once. (2002 苏州)

　　A. talking; to listenB. to talk; to listen

　　C. talking; listeningD. talk; listen

　　(二)V-ing形式与动词不定式作宾语补足语时的区别

　　在see, watch, notice, hear, feel等动词后，既可用V-ing形式作宾语补足语，也可用不定式作宾语补足语，但在用法上有区别。用V-ing作宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行，即动作处于发生的过程中，还没有结束；用不定式作宾语补足语，表示动作发生了，即动作全过程结束了。例如：

　　I saw the girl getting on the bus. 我看见那个女孩在上公共汽车。

　　I saw the girl get on the bus and left. 我看见那个女孩上了公共汽车走了。

　　Do you hear her singing an English song? 她在唱一首英语歌曲，你听见了吗？

　　I heard her sing an English song. 我听到她唱了一首英语歌曲。

　　【典型试题】

　　1. -Tom, have you seen your brother?

　　-Oh. I saw him_________basketball on the playground on my way home.(2003威海)

　　A. playB. playsC. playing　D. played

　　2. When I was walking in the street, I saw a plane_________over my head.(2002福州)

　　A. fliesB. flyingC. flew D. to fly

　　中考实战演练：

　　选择最佳答案。

　　1. Would you mind_________me how_________ English words? (2003昆明)

　　A. tell; to remember B. telling; remember

　　C. telling; to remember D. tell; remember

　　2. He finished_________the book yesterday evening. (2003 哈尔滨)

　　A. seeingB. watching

　　C. readingD. looking

　　3. Stop_________so much noise! Father is working at the desk.(2002北京东城区)

　　A. to makeB. making

　　C. to hearD. hearing

　　英语课外辅导：中考V-ing形式考点分析2

　　V-ing 形式在句中修饰主句的谓语动词，说明句中谓语动词所处的状态，它是主句主语动作的一部分。与主句谓语表示的动作几乎是同时发生的，可以表示时间、原因、伴随、结果等。

　　值得一提的是：当从句中的'谓语动词所表示的动作发生在主句的谓语动词所表示的动作之前，则应用其完成式的 V-ing 短语 having （ been ） done .

　　一 . V-ing 形式表示时间

　　1. _______________ such heavy pollution already， it may now be too late to clear up the river.

　　A. Having suffered B. Suffering

　　C. To suffer D. Suffered

　　析：句意为当河流受到严重污染时，现在要清理它已经为时过晚了。很明显，污染在前，清理河流在后，应用 suffer 的完成式，故选 A 项。

　　2. ___________________a reply， he decided to wait again.

　　A. No receiving

　　B. Receiving not

　　C. Not having received

　　D. Having not received

　　英语课外辅导：中考V-ing形式考点分析3

　　I.ing 形式作定语

　　1. 现在分词作前置定语时，在逻辑上与所修饰的名词之间为主谓关系，也可改成定语从句；如果与所修饰的名词之间没有主谓关系，定语相当于一个介词for引导的短语。现在分词位于所修饰的名词之后做后置定语，与所修饰的名词之间呈逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句。如：a listening child= a child who is listening, a walking stick= a stick for walking.

　　2. 现在分词作定语往往表示“令人”，主动的或正在进行的动作。如：a moving film, a developing country.

　　II. ing 形式作状语

　　动词-ing形式在句子中做状语，表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，与谓语动词表示的动作或状态是同时或者几乎同时发生的，经常可以做时间、原因、方式、条件、结果、目的、让步状语从句。句子的主语必须是状语的逻辑主语；而且主语与作状语的'分词之间呈逻辑上的主谓关系。

　　1.原因状语，相当于原因状语从句。

　　1).Being ill, she didn’t go to school today.

　　因为生病，她今天没上学去。

　　2). Seeing no one at home, I decided to come again.

　　看见没有人在家，我决定再来一趟。

　　2. 时间状语，相当于when, while等引导的从句。

　　1).Hearing the good news, he jumped with joy.

　　当听到这个好消息时，他高兴地跳了起来。

　　2).Walking in the street, I saw a friend of mine.

　　当我走在街上时，我看到了我的朋友。

　　如果分词短语表示的动作与谓语表示的动作同时发生，常在分词短语前加上when或while。

　　3).Be careful when crossing the street.

　　过街时小心。

　　3. 伴随状语，与谓语所表示的动作同时发生。

　　1).He sat at the table reading China Daily.

　　他坐在桌子旁看《中国日报》。

　　2).Talking and smiling, they went into the room.

　　他们又说又笑地走进房间。

　　4. 结果状语。

　　1).The mother died, leaving a lot of money for her children.

　　母亲去世了，给她的孩子留下了一大笔钱。

　　5. 条件状语。

　　Turning right, you will find the place you want.

　　往右转弯，你就会找到你要找的地方了。

　　III.现在分词短语作状语时，它的逻辑主语一般须与句子的主语一致。作状语的分词相当于一个状语从句。

　　1).Seeing from the top of the hill, we can see our beautiful school.

　　从山顶望下去，我们就能看到我们美丽的学校。

　　但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，独立主语=逻辑主语+现在分词表示伴随，时间、原因，条件。

　　2).Many people being absent, they decided to put the meeting off.

　　由于许多人都缺席了，他们决定取消这次会议。

　　IV. 现在分词的否定形式。

　　现在分词的否定式:not+ v.ing

　　完成式的否定式:not+ having done

　　Not having heard from her son for a long time, the mother worried a great deal.

　　由于很久没有收到儿子的来信，这位母亲很担心。

　　V. 现在分词的时态和语态的用法。

　　1). 分词一般式表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作一般同时进行时，则用分词的一般式形式。

　　He walked on the street, seeing back from time to time.

　　他走在街上，不时地向身后看看

　　2). 如果分词所表示的动作先于谓语动词发生，则用分词的完成式形式。

　　Having finished his work, Henry went home.

　　完成了他的工作后，亨利回家了。

　　语法聚焦预习自测

　　1._________ her telephone number, I couldn’t ring her up.由于不知道她的电话号码，我无法打电话给她。

　　2. ____________________, we will go there on foot.

　　天气好的话，我们将步行去那里。

　　3.___________________, I met Mary.

　　上学时我遇见了玛丽。

　　4. I turn off the light, ____________________.

　　我把灯关了，所以什么也看不见。

　　5. _____________________, you will succeed. 努力工作，你就会成功。

　　6. _____________________ his letter, I decided to write to him. 没收到他的来信，我决定给他写信。

　　7. The building __________(build) now is our new library.

　　8. __________________________(give) such a good chance, how could you let it slip away?

　　9. He stood, __________(lean) against the wall/

　　10. The song is sung all over the country, _______ (make) it the most popular song.

　　答案：

　　1. Not knowing 2. Weather permitting

　　3. While going to the school 4. seeing nothing

　　5. Working hard 6. Not receiving 7. being built

　　8. Having been given 9. leaning 10. making

　　课内探究案

　　探究总结动词-ing的用法

　　教学建议：如何判断非谓语动词的形式和动词-ing的各种形式是重点，帮助学生形成判断的依据和规则，注意v-ing作状语时的特性：时间性、语态性和主语一致性。

　　1. 动词的-ing形式做状语时表示什么含义？

　　______________________________________________

　　答案:动词-ing形式在句子中做状语，表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，与谓语动词表示的动作或状态是同时或者几乎同时发生的，经常可以做时间、原因、方式、条件、结果、目的、让步状语从句。句子的主语必须是状语的逻辑主语；而且主语与作状语的分词之间呈逻辑上的主谓关系。

　　2.动词的-ing形式变化：

　　主动形式

　　被动形式

　　一般式

　　完成式

　　答案：

　　主动形式

　　被动形式

　　一般式

　　doing

　　being done

　　完成式

　　having done

　　having been done

　　3. 现在分词的否定形式是什么？

　　____________________________________________________________________________________________

　　答案:

　　现在分词的否定形式：

　　现在分词的否定式:not+ v.ing

　　完成式的否定式:not+ having done

　　II. 学以致用

　　一、词汇运用

　　1. It rained heavily in the south， serious flooding in several provinces.（2010 天津）

　　A. caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause

　　2. at my classmates' faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.（2010 北京）

　　A. Looking B. Look C. To look D. Looked

　　3. The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu ,________the students to return to their classrooms.（2010 江苏）

　　A. enabling B. having enabled

　　C. to enable D. to have enabled

　　4 The lady walked around the shops, _______ an eye out for bargains.（2010 江西）

　　A keep B kept C keeping D to keep

　　5. Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, supplies to Yushu, Qinghai province after the earthquake.（2010 福建）

　　A. sending B. to send

　　C. having sent D. to have sent

　　6. He had a wonderful childhood， _______with his mother to all corners of the world.(2010 安徽)

　　A. travel B.to travel. C. traveled D. traveling

　　7. Dina, for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.（2010 湖南）

　　A. struggling B. struggled

　　C. having struggled D. to struggle